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Comprehensive Esthetics Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Aesthetikos:

A

Greek word meaning perceptible to the senses.

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2
Q

What are the effects of smoking on the skin?

A

Depleted vitamin C, cause free radicals, wrinkles, aging, and depletes oxygen to skin.

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3
Q

Sensory nerves Vs. motor nerves:

A

Sensory: Carry impulses from the sense organs to the brain; to experience touch, cold, heat, sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain, and pressure.
Motor: Carry impulses from the brain to muscles to produce movement.
Mixed: Contain both abilities to send and receive messages.

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4
Q

What are the forms of hypo pigmentation?

A

Albinism, leukoderma, vitiligo

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5
Q

What is albinism?

A

Absence of melanin

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6
Q

What is leukoderma?

A

Light abnormal patches

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7
Q

What is vitiligo?

A

White spots, lack of pigment.

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8
Q

What are the layers of skin?

A

(crazy little granny steals baby please return soon)

Stratum Corneum 
Stratum Lucidum 
Stratum Granulosum 
Stratum Spinosum 
Basal 
Papillary 
Reticular 
Subcutaneous
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9
Q

What is found in the stratum corneum?

A

Keratinosites

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10
Q

What is found in the stratum lucidum?

A

Clear layer found on palms

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11
Q

What does the stratum granulosum layer do?

A

Produces keratin

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12
Q

What is found in the reticular layer?

A

Fibroblast which make collagen and elastin

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13
Q

What are warm colors?

A

Yellow, red, oranges

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14
Q

What are cool colors?

A

Blue, green, violets

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15
Q

What is highlighting?

A

Light color tone used to brighten a specific area

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16
Q

What is contouring?

A

Deeper and darker tones used to minimize a specific area.

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17
Q

What is sensitive skin?

A

A skin type, genetic, and unchangeable

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18
Q

What is sensitized skin?

A

A condition due to external factors; sunburn, overexposure to products, ect.

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19
Q

What are the types of skin cancers?

A

Malignant Melanoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Basal Cell Carcinoma

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20
Q

Describe Malignant Melanoma

A

Most serious; spreads easily through the body. Black, dark, patches, uneven textures, jagged edges.

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21
Q

Describe Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

More serious; can spread, red, pink, scaly papules.

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22
Q

Describe basal cell carcinoma

A

Most common, least severe, pearly nodules.

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23
Q

What are the types of UV rays?

A

UVA, UVB, and UVC

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24
Q

Describe UVA rays.

A

Aging rays; penetrate deeper into the reticular layer. Causes cell damage. Weakens collagen and elastin. Alters DNA, causing cancer.

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25
Describe UVB rays.
Burning rays, alter and destroy melanin, shorter but stronger, can damage eyes, does help body make vitamin D.
26
What is an atom?
Smallest part of an element, particles from which matter is compromised.
27
What are protons?
Positive particles
28
What are neutrons?
neutral charged particles
29
WHAT ARE ELECTRONS?
NEGATIVE CHARGED PARTICLES
30
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF MINERAL MAKEUP?
DESIGNED TO BE MORE HEALTHY, NON-COMEDOGENIC, NATURAL, NOT AS HEAVY BUT STILL OFFERS GOOD COVERAGE, POPULAR FOR POST-SURGICAL CAMOUFLAGE MAKEUP
31
WHAT ARE THE SPECIAL CONSIDERATION FOR ETHNIC SKIN?
BLACK SKIN: PRONE TO HYPERKERATOSIS, NEEDS MORE EXFOLIATION, DEEPER PORE CLEANSING. ASIAN SKIN: MOST SENSITIVE, AVOID AHAS, USE ENZYMES
32
WHAT ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS FOR CHEMICAL PEELS?
RECENT COSMETIC SURGERY, ALLERGIES TO PRODUCTS, PREGNANCY, HERPES SIMPLEX, OPEN SORES/LESIONS, HYPERPIGMENTATION TENDENCIES, USE OF ACUTANE, RETIN A, INFLAMED ROSACEA OR ACNE, INFECTIOUS DISEASE, SUN BURN, IRRITATED SKIN
33
HOW DO YOU DETERMINE THE IDEAL BROW?
NATURAL ARCH OF THE EYEBROW FOLLOWS THE TOP OF THE ORBITAL BONE, CURVED LINE ABOVE EYE SOCKET
34
VIRUS VS BACTERIA
VIRUS: A MICROSCOPIC ORGANISM THAT CAN INFEST PLANT, ANIMAL, AND BACTERIA. BACTERIA: ONE CELL MICROORGANISM WITH BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL CHARACTERISTICS
35
WHAT ARE THE SHAPES OF BACTERIA?
COCCI, STAPHYLOCOCCI, STRETOCOCCI, DIPLOCOCCI, BACILLI, SPIRILLA
36
DESCRIBE COCCI SHAPE
ROUND AND APPEAR ALONE
37
DESCRIBE STPHYLOCOCCI
ROUND, FORMS GRAPLE LIKE CLUSTERS, CAUSE PNEMONIA, IMPETIGO
38
DESCRIBE STREPTOCOCCI
ROUND, FORMS IN STRINGS OF PEARLS, CAUSES STREP THROAT, SCARLET FEVER, RHEUMATIC
39
DESCRIBE DIPLOCOCCI
ROUND, GROWS IN PAIRS, CAUSES MENINGITIS
40
DESCRIBE BACILLI
ROD SHAPED, CAUSES FOOD BORNE ILLNESS
41
DESCRIBE SPIRILLA
CORK SCREW SHAPED, CAUSES LYME DISEASE
42
WHAT ARE THE LEVELS OF DECONTAMINATION?
SANITATION: LOWEST LEVEL, GOOD FOR USE ON SKIN. DISINFECTION: 2ND LEVEL, KILLS MOST MICROORGANISMS ON HAND, NON POROUS SURFACE STERILIZATION: HIGHEST LEVEL, KILLS ALL MICROORGANISMS INCLUDING BACTERIA, SPORES, VIRUSES, AND FUNGI
43
WHAT ARE THE DERIVATIVES OF ENZYMES?
PAPAIN-PAPAYA BROMALIN-PINEAPPLE PANCREATIVE-MEAT BY-PRODUCTS PUMPKIN-PUMPKIN
44
BHA'S VS AHA'S
BHA'S: DISSOLVES OILS, SALICYLIC ACID, LESS IRRITATION, GOOD FOR ACNEIC AND OILY SKIN AHA'S: LOOSEN BONDS BETWEEN CELLS. EXAMPLES: GLYCOLIC-SUGAR CANE, TARTARIC-GRAPES, LACTIC-MILK, MANDELIC-ALMONDS, MALIC-APPLES, CITRIC-CIRTUS FRUIT
45
WHAT IS A JESSNER'S SOLUTION?
14% LACTIC ACID, 14% RESORCINOL, 14% SALICYLIC ACID, IN AN ETHANOL BASE
46
WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF LYMPH?
PROTECT BODY FROM DISEASE BY DEVELOPING IMMUNITIES AND DESTROYING DISEASE CAUSING MICROORGANISMS; CARRY WASTE AND IMPURITIES AWAY FROM CELL.
47
WHAT ARE THE 8 FACE SHAPES?
OVAL, ROUND, SQUARE, RECTANGLE, TRIANGLE, INVERTED TRIANGLE, HEART, DIAMOND
48
EXPLAIN PROPER WAX APPLICATION
SOFT-THIN LAYER WITH DIRECTION OF HAIR GROWTH AT 45 DEGREE ANGLE HARD- THICKER LAYER WITH DIRECTION OF HAIR GROWTH
49
WHAT ARE THE HAIR GROWTH CYCLES?
ANAGEN: GROWTH STAGE, ACTIVE CATAGEN: TRANSITION STAGE, FALLING OUT TELOGEN: RESTING STAGE LATENT: DORMANT
50
WHAT ARE THE PRIMARY COLORS?
FUNDAMENTAL, CANNOT BE OBTAINED BY MIXING OTHER COLORS; RED, YELLOW, AND BLUE
51
WHAT ARE THE SECONDARY COLORS?
OBTAINED BE MIXING EQUAL PARTS OF TWO PRIMARY COLORS; ORANGE, GREEN, AND PURPLE
52
WHAT ARE COMPLEMENTARY COLORS?
A PRIMARY AND SECONDARY COLOR DIRECTLY OPPOSITE OF EACH OTHER ON THE COLOR WHEEL, WHEN MIXED THEY CANVEL EACH OTHER OUT. RED/GREEN, PURPLE/YELLOW, BLUE/ORANGE.
53
WHAT IS A PRIMARY LESION?
LESIONS IN EARLY STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT; FLAT, NON-PAPULE, CHANGES IN THE SKIN COLOR OR ELEVATED.
54
WHAT IS A SECONDARY LESION?
DEVELOP IN LATER STAGES; DEAD CELLS FORMED OVER WOUND
55
WHAT IS A MACULE?
FLAT DISCOLORATION (FRECKLE)
56
WHAT IS A TUBERCLE?
ABNORMAL ROUNDED, SOLID LUMP, LARGER THAN PAPULE
57
WHAT IS A VESICLE?
SMALL BLISTER
58
WHAT IS A BULLA?
LARGER BLISTER WITH WATERY FLUID
59
WHAT IS A PAPULE?
SMALL ELEVATION, NO FLUID
60
WHAT IS A NODULE?
SMALL BUMP
61
WHAT IS A TUMOR?
A LARGE NODULE
62
WHAT IS A WHEAL?
AN ITCHY SWOLLEN LESION
63
WHAT IS A SCALE?
SHEDDING DEAD SKIN
64
WHAT IS CRUST?
SCAB OR SORE
65
WHAT IS A KELOID?
THICK SCAR
66
WHAT IS AN EXCORIATION?
AN ABRASION FROM SCRAPE OR SCRATCH
67
WHAT IS AN ULCER?
OPEN LESION WITH PUSS OR SKIN DEPRESSION
68
WHAT IS EXCORIATION?
ACNE; DISORDER WHERE CLIENTS PURPOSELY SCRAPE OFF LESIONS
69
WHAT IS A FISSURE?
A CRACK IN THE SKIN
70
WHAT IS A CYST?
A CLOSED SAC OF FLUID
71
WHAT ARE THE LIGHTENING AND BRIGHTENING INGREDIENTS?
ARBUTIN, BEARBERRY, LICORICE EXTRACT, AZELIC ACID, KOJIC ACID, MULBERRY EXTRACT, ASAFETIDA EXTRACT, MAGNESIUM ASCORBYL PHOSPHATE, ASCORBYL GLUCOSAMINE, HYDROQUINONE
72
WHAT ARE ANHYDROUS PRODUCTS?
PRODUCTS CONTAINING NO WATER, FOR VERY DRY SKIN; SERUMS, LIP BALMS, SILICON SERUMS
73
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF SALICYLIC ACID AND WHAT IS IT DERIVED FROM?
EXFOLIATING, ANTISEPTIC, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, IT IS LIPOPHILIC (OIL LOVING), DERIVED FROM: WILLOW BARK, SWEET BIRCH, WINTERGREENS, ASPIRIN
74
WHAT IS INTRINSIC AGING?
SKIN CHANGES INFLUENCED BY INTERNAL PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS; STRESS AND ATTITUDE
75
WHAT IS EXTRINSIC AGING?
SKIN CHANGES INFLUENCED BY EXTERNAL FACTORS; UV RAYS, POLLUTION
76
WHAT IS DERMATITIS?
AN INFLAMMATORY CONDITION OF THE SKIN (LESIONS, ECZEMA, VESICLES, PAPULES)
77
WHAT IS COLLAGEN AND WHAT DOES IT DO?
FIBROUS, CONNECTIVE TISSUE MADE UP OF PROTEINS, MADE IN RETICULAR LAYER, GIVES SKIN ITS FIRMNESS.
78
WHAT IS KERATOSIS?
SKIN CONDITION, ABNORMALLY THICK BUILD-UP OF SKIN CELLS
79
WHAT ARE THE BONES OF THE HEAD?
OCCIPITAL: BASE OF NECK, PARIETAL (2) BONES: SIDE AND CROWN, FRONTAL: FOREHEAD, TEMPORAL BONES (2) SIDE OF HEAD NEAR EAR REGION. ETHMOID: BETWEEN EYE SOCKET. SPHENOID: JOINS ALL BONES OF HEAD.
80
WHAT ARE THE BONES OF THE FACE?
NASAL BONES (2): FORMS BRIDGE OF NOSE. LACRIMAL BONES (2): SMALLEST, INSIDE PART OF THE EYE SOCKET. VOMER: FLAT, THIN, FORMS PART OF NASAL SEPTUM. ZYGOMATIC ARCH (2) BONES: CHEEK BONES. MAXILLARY BONES (2): UPPER JAW. MANDIBLE: LARGEST, STRONGEST, LOWER JAW. TURBINAL 2 BONES: BOTH OUTER WALLS OF NASAL DEPRESSION. PALANTINE (2) BONES: FORMS HARD PALATE OF MOUTH.
81
HOW MANY BONES ARE IN THE FACE?
8
82
HOW MANY BONES ARE IN THE HEAD?
14
83
WHAT ARE SHAPES OF LESIONS?
``` LINEAR-LINE (SCRATCH) ROUNDED-PAPULE ANNULAR-RING SHAPED. (RING WORM) SERPIGINOUS-WAVY (LIKE SNAKE) GEOGRAPHIC-LIKE A MAP (RASH) TARGET-LIKE A TARGET (PUSTULE) ```
84
WHAT IS OSHA?
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION; REGULATES AND ENFORCES SAFETY/HEALTH STANDARDS TO PROTECT EMPLOYEES IN THE WORK PLACE
85
WHAT IS PH?
POTENTIAL HYDROGEN. RELATIVE DEGREE OF ACIDITY AND ALKALINITY OF A SUBSTANCE. SKIN IS 5.5. WATER IS 7.0. ACIDIC 0----7-----14 ALKALINE
86
WHAT IS CATAPHORESIS
USES POSITIVE ELECTRODES TO DECREASE BLOOD FLOW, SOOTHE NERVES, HARDEN TISSUE, AND HAS AN ACIDIC REACTION.
87
WHAT IS ANAPHORESIS?
USES NEGATIVE ELECTRODES TO PRODUCE AN ALKALINE REACTION, INCREASES BLOOD FLOW, STIMULATES NERVES, SOFTENS TISSUE.
88
WHAT IS VITAMIN C
ASCORBIC ACID; ANTI-OXIDANT, REPAIRS SKIN AND TISSUES
89
WHAT IS VITAMIN D?
SUNSHINE VITAMIN, ESSENTIAL FOR GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
90
WHAT IS VITAMIN E?
TOCOPHEROL; PROTECTS FROM SUN, ANTI-OXIDANT
91
WHAT IS VITAMIN K?
BLOOD COAGULATION
92
WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE 1?
SCORES 0-7, WHITE; VERY FAIR, FRECKLES; TYPICAL ALBINO SKIN. ALWAYS BURNS, NEVER TANS.
93
WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE II?
SCORES 8-16. WHITE; FAIR. USUALLY BURNS, TANS WITH DIFFICULTY.
94
WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE III?
SCORES 17-24. BEIGE. VERY COMMON. SOMETIMES MILD BURN, GRADUALLY TANS TO A LIGHT BROWN.
95
WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE IV?
SCORES 25-30. BEIGE WITH A BROWN TINT. TYPICAL MEDITERRANEAN CAUCASIAN SKIN. RARELY BURNS, TANS WITH EASE TO A MODERATE BROWN.
96
WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE V?
SCORES OVER 30. DARK BROWN. VERY RARELY BURNS, TANS VERY EASILY.
97
WHAT IS FITZPATRICK TYPE VI?
BLACK. NEVER BURNS, TANS VERY EASILY, DEEPLY PIGMENTED.
98
HOW MANY BODY SYSTEMS ARE THERE?
11
99
WHAT ARE THE BODY SYSTEMS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS?
SIC REMINDER. SKELETAL-BONES AND JOINTS, RED BLOOD CELLS. IMMUNE- FIGHT OFF DISEASES CIRCULATORY- CONTROLS FLOW OF BLOOD THROUGH BODY. RESPIRATORY- BREATHING, LUNGS EXCRETORY - ELIMINATES WASTE MUSCULAR- SUPPORTS SKELETAL SYSTEM, MUSCLES INTEGUMENTARY-

Esthetics (13 decks)

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