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Fundamentals in Nursing - Lecture > Concept of Nursing > Flashcards

Concept of Nursing Flashcards

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1
Q

has been called the oldest of arts and the youngest of professions

A

Nursing

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2
Q

The term ‘Nurse’ evolved from the Latin word ___________ which means ___________________________________

A

Nutrix; to nourish or to cherish

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3
Q

introduces a thorough assessment of patients, the nursing process, communication between nurse and patient, cultural differences, functional health patterns, and the
overall framework of nursing practice.

A

Fundamentals of Nursing

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4
Q

forms the first foundational component of Nursing

A

concept of man

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5
Q

Two Approaches in studying Man

A
  1. Atomistic Approach
  2. Holistic Approach
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6
Q

Viewing man as an organism only (view cells, tissues, organs - body structures only)

A

Atomistic Approach

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7
Q

ex. of Atomistic Approach

A

Taking blood pressure of the patient

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8
Q

Viewing man as an organism with interrelated and interdependent parts functioning to produce a behavior which is acceptable or unacceptable to him/her or to the society.

A

Holistic Approach

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9
Q

ex. of Holistic Approach

A

Nursing interaction with the patient

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10
Q

All living organisms are interacting unified thatare more than the mere sum of his parts; any disturbance affects the whole being

A

Holistic Theory

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11
Q

Human life must be balanced and harmonized
with the other forms of nature. Disturbance may result in illness.

A

Holistic Theory

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12
Q

Presence or absence of disease

A

Health

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13
Q

state of being well and using every power the individual
possesses to the fullest extent

A

Health

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14
Q

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

A

Health

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15
Q

Reflects concern for the individual as a total person functioning physically, psychologically and socially

A

Health

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16
Q

is a state of well-being.

A

Wellness

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17
Q

Basic aspects of wellness include

A
  • self-responsibility
  • an ultimate goal
  • a dynamic, growing process
  • daily decision making in the areas of nutrition, stress management, physical fitness, preventive health care, and emotional health
  • the whole being of the individual.
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18
Q

is a subjective perception of vitality and feeling well that
can be described objectively, experienced, and measured

A

Well-being

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19
Q

7 Components of wellness

A

Environmental
Social
Emotional
Physical
Spiritua
Intellectual
Occupational

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20
Q

The ability to promote health measures that improve the standard of living and quality of life in the community. This includes influences such as food, water, and air

A

Environmental

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21
Q

The ability to interact successfully with people and within the environment of which each person is a part, to develop and maintain intimacy with significant others, and to develop respect and tolerance for those with different opinions and beliefs.

A

Social

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22
Q

The ability to manage stress and to express emotions appropriately. This involves the ability to recognize, accept, and express feelings and to accept one’s limitations.

A

Emotional

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23
Q

The ability to carry out daily tasks, achieve fitness (e.g., pulmonary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal), maintain adequate nutrition and proper body fat, avoid abusing drugs and alcohol or using tobacco products, and generally practice positive lifestyle habits.

A

Physical

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24
Q

The belief in some force (nature, science, religion, or a higher power) that serves to unite human beings and provide meaning and purpose to life. It includes a person’s own morals, values, and ethics.

A

Spiritual

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25
The ability to learn and use information effectively for personal, family, and career development. This involves striving for continued growth and learning to deal with new challenges effectively.
Intellectual
26
The ability to achieve a balance between work and leisure time. A person’s beliefs about education, employment, and home influence personal satisfaction and relationships with others.
Occupational
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is a highly personal state in which the person’s physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental or spiritual functioning is thought to be diminished
Illness
28
Factors and Issues Affecting Health and Illness
Internal Variables External Variables
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Internal Variables
- Biologic dimension - Psychological dimension - Cognitive dimension
30
Genetic makeup, sex, age, and developmental level all significantly influence a person’s health
Biologic dimension
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(Emotional) factors influencing health include mind– body interactions and self-concept.
Psychological dimension
32
Intellectual factors influencing health include lifestyle choices and spiritual and religious beliefs.
Cognitive dimension
33
External Variables
- Physical environment - Standards of living - Family and cultural beliefs - Social support networks
34
Totality of services offered by all health disciplines
Health Care Delivery System
35
Health Care Delivery System Major purpose:
to provide care to people who were ill or injured
36
Types of Health Care Services
- Primary Prevention - Secondary Prevention - Tertiary Prevention
37
Primary Prevention
Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
38
- Legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos) - Mandate on safe and healthy practices (e.g. use of seatbelts and bike helmets) - Education about healthy and safe habits (e.g. adequate and proper nutrition, weight control and exercise, stress reduction, not smoking)
Primary Prevention: Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
39
Preventive measures that lead to early diagnosis and prompt treatment of a disease, illness or injury. This should limit disability, impairment or dependency and prevent more severe health problems developing in the future.
Secondary Prevention: Diagnosis and Treatment
40
- Helping people manage long-term, often complex health problems and injuries (e.g. chronic diseases, permanent impairments) - e.g. cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs, chronic disease management programs (e.g. for diabetes, arthritis, depression); support groups that allow members to share strategies for living well; vocational rehabilitation programs to retrain workers
Tertiary Prevention: Rehabilitation, Health Restoration, and Palliative Care
41
Levels of Care
- Health promotion - Disease prevention - Health maintenance - Curative - Rehabilitative
42
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF A NURSE
- CAREGIVER - COMMUNICATOR - TEACHER - PATIENT ADVOCATE - COUNSELOR - CHANGE AGENT - LEADER - MANAGER - CASE MANAGER - RESEARCH CONSUMER
43
Activities that assist client physically and psychologically while preserving the client’s dignity. The nursing actions may involve full care for the completely dependent client, partial care for the partially dependent client and supportive-educative care to assist clients in attaining their highest possible level of health and wellness.
Caregiver
44
emphasizes that the whole person is greater than the sum of their parts.
Holistic care
45
is integral to all nursing roles. Nurses communicate with the client, support persons, other health care professionals and people in the community
Communication
46
The nurse understands that effective communication techniques can help improve the healthcare environment
Communicator
47
The nurse helps the clients learn about their health and the health care procedures they need to perform to restore or maintain their heal
Teacher
48
- acts to protect the client. The nurse represents the client’s needs and wishes to other health professionals, such as relaying wishes for information to the physician. - Exercising client’s rights and help them speak for themselves.
Client Advocate
49
Process of helping a client to recognize and cope with stressful psychologic or social problems, to develop improved personal relationship and promote personal growth.
Counselor
50
- Assisting to make modifications in patient’s own behavior. - Nurses are continually dealing with change in the health care system.
Change Agent
51
Influences others to work together to accomplish a specific goal
Leader
52
Delegate nursing activities to ancillary workers, other nurses; and supervises and evaluates their performance.
Manager
53
- Work with the multidisciplinary health care team to measure the effectiveness of the case management plan and to monitor outcomes. - Ensures that care is oriented to the client while controlling the cost
Case Manager
54
Nurses use research to improve client care
Research Consumer
55
is defined as occupation that requires extensive education or a calling that requires special knowledge, skill and preparation.
Profession
56
refers to the professional character, spirit or methods. It is a set of attributes, a way of life that implies responsibility and commitment
Professionalism
57
is the process of becoming professional, that is, acquiring characteristics considers to be professional
Professionalization
58
the hallmark of a profession
altruism
59
selfless concern for others
altruism
60
QUALITIES OF A NURSE
- High Standards of Professionalism - Never-Ending Diligence - Exceptional Communication Skills - Effective Interpersonal Skills - Attention to Detail - Quick Problem-Solving Abilities - Action-Oriented - Empathetic Disposition - Solid Stamina - Sense of Humor
61
Carper’s Four Patterns of Knowing
a. Nursing Sciences b. Nursing Ethics c. Nursing Esthetics d. Personal Knowledge
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refers to the way of perceiving and understanding self and the world
Knowing
63
refers to knowing that is expressed in a form that can be shared and communicated to others.
Knowledge
64
- The component of moral knowledge in nursing - Guides and directs how nurses conduct their practice
Ethics
65
the art of nursing
Aesthetic knowing
66
- Expressed through: ◦ Actions, bearing, conduct, attitudes, narrative and interaction ◦ Knowing what to do without conscious deliberation - Involves: ◦ Deep appreciation of the meaning of a situation ◦ Moves beyond the surface of a situation ◦ Often shared without conscious exchange of words ◦ Transformative art/acts ◦ Brings together all the elements of a nursing care situation to create a meaningful whole
Aesthetic knowing: the art of nursing
67
the science of nursing
emperics
68
- Based on the assumption that what is known is accessible through the physical senses: seeing, touching and hearing. - Reality exists and truths about it can be understood - A pattern of knowing that draws on traditional ideas of science - Expressed in practice as scientific competence
Empirics: the science of nursing
69
Legislation and enforcement to ban or control the use of hazardous products (e.g. asbestos)
Primary Prevention
70
Mandate on safe and healthy practices
Primary Prevention
71
Education about healthy and safe habits
Primary Prevention
72
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Secondary Prevention
73
Radiologic diagnostic
Secondary Prevention
74
procedures screening tests to detect disease in its earliest stages
Secondary Prevention
75
use of seatbelts and bike helmets
Primary Prevention
76
adequate and proper nutrition
Primary Prevention
77
weight control and exercise
Primary Prevention
78
stress reduction, not smoking
Primary Prevention
79
cardiac or stroke rehabilitation programs
Tertiary Prevention
80
chronic diseases
Tertiary Prevention
81
permanent impairments
Tertiary Prevention
82
support groups that allow members to share strategies for living well
Tertiary Prevention
83
vocational rehabilitation programs to retrain workers
Tertiary Prevention
84
"The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death)".
Virginia Henderson
85
“The act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery"
Florence Nightingale
86
The role of ________________ includes all of the tasks and skills that we associate with nursing care, but also includes the other elements that make up the whole person.
caregiver
87
is a learned process requiring an understanding of the needs and goals that motivate people, knowledge to apply leadership skills and interpersonal skills to influence others.
Effective leadership
88
Important aspect of professional status. In modern times, the trend in education for the professions has shifted toward programs in colleges and universities.
Specialized Education

Fundamentals in Nursing - Lecture (10 decks)

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