Conflict between Richard and Philip II Flashcards
(15 cards)
What did Philip II do upon returning from crusade in 1191 that violated his agreement with Richard?
He courted John to marry Princess Alys (Alice), whom Richard had been betrothed to — an attempt to claim Plantagenet territory through her.
What happened when John heard of Richard’s capture in 1193?
He travelled to Paris, allied with Philip II, and launched an invasion of Normandy in April 1193.
What territories did Philip and John gain during the 1193 invasion of Normandy?
Philip captured Gisors and much of northeastern Normandy; John was given Evreux, though Rouen resisted.
What was the result of the July 1193 treaty Philip forced Richard’s men to agree to?
Philip kept Drincourt, Auques, and Loches. Richard’s side agreed to pay 20,000 marks.
How did Philip and John try to prolong Richard’s captivity?
They bribed Emperor Henry VI in an attempt to delay Richard’s release, but Richard was freed in February 1194.
What happened when Richard returned to England in 1194?
John and many barons defected back to Richard, isolating Philip. Richard quickly retook Loches, aided by his brother-in-law Sancho of Navarre.
What was agreed in the 1194 and 1196 truces between Richard and Philip?
1194 truce: Temporary halt to hostilities.
1196 Peace of Louviers: Richard kept reconquered lands, Philip kept Gisors and much of the Vexin.
What fortress did Richard build to strengthen Normandy’s eastern frontier?
Château Gaillard, a massive defensive fortress built in 1196–1198 to control the Seine Valley and counter Philip’s gains in the Vexin.
How did Richard use marriage diplomacy in 1196?
He married his sister Joan to Raymond VI of Toulouse to secure an alliance against Philip.
What economic tactic did Richard use against Flanders in 1196?
He launched a trade embargo on Flanders, crippling its economy (dependent on English wool and grain), causing Baldwin of Flanders to switch allegiance by 1197.
Which important nobles supported Richard by 1198?
Renaud of Boulogne joined Richard.
Pope Innocent III supported Richard’s nephew Otto as Holy Roman Emperor.
What was the result of the 1199 truce between Richard and Philip?
Philip had to concede nearly all his territorial gains, keeping only Gisors. Richard was clearly dominant.
What was Philip’s main success in his war against Richard?
He consistently provoked rebellions in Richard’s continental lands, weakening internal control.
What led to Richard’s death in 1199?
He moved south to suppress uprisings in Angoulême and Limoges, but while besieging Châlus-Chabrol, he was hit by a crossbow bolt and died on 6 April 1199.
