Richard's aims, attitudes and crusade Flashcards
(16 cards)
What did Richard I do for Eleanor of Aquitaine upon becoming king in 1189?
He ordered her immediate release from captivity and she governed England until his coronation on 3 September 1189.
Eleanor was given lands and council honours after her release.
Why did Richard reward his brother John so generously?
To secure loyalty and discourage rebellion by giving him too much to risk.
John received nearly a third of English land and was made Count of Gloucester and Count of Mortain.
Which regions of England did John control under Richard I?
Dorset, Devon, and Cornwall, plus titles in Gloucester and Normandy.
How did Richard neutralise his half-brother Geoffrey as a dynastic threat?
He appointed him Archbishop of York in 1189, making him swear celibacy.
What oath did Richard require from John and Geoffrey before leaving for crusade?
They were to remain out of the country during Richard’s absence.
Why did Richard later regret letting John remain in England?
At Eleanor’s urging, Richard let John stay, leading to power struggles and unrest.
Who did Richard dismiss as Chief Justiciar upon becoming king?
Ranulf de Glanville.
Who became sole Chief Justiciar after Mandeville’s death?
William Longchamp, Bishop of Ely.
What roles did Longchamp hold under Richard I?
Chief Justiciar, head of the king’s bench, and controller of the exchequer.
How did Richard enhance Longchamp’s authority in 1190?
Had Pope Clement III appoint Longchamp as papal legate.
Who were the members of Richard’s justiciar council?
William Marshal, William Brewer, Geoffrey FitzPeter, and Hugh Bardolf.
How did Richard raise money through the sheriff system?
He sold sheriffdoms to the highest bidder.
Example: Gerard de Camville bought the position for Lincolnshire.
What was the Quitclaim of Canterbury (5 December 1189)?
Richard sold Scottish independence for 10,000 marks, surrendering castles like Roxborough.
How did Richard respond to a Welsh rebellion?
He sent Longchamp and John to suppress it.
What role did Longchamp play after the 1190 York massacre?
He travelled north to investigate and respond to the massacre of Jews in York.
