Congenital Anomoly / Basics

Question 1

What is a choristoma and give an example?

Answer 1

Normal, MATURE tissue at an abnormal location;

1. dermoid
2. dermolipoma
3. ectopic LG
4. episcleral osseous choriostoma

Question 2

What is a hamartoma and give an example?

Answer 2

Exaggerated hypertrophy and hyperplasia (abnl amount) of MATURE tissue at a normal location; cavernous hemangioma

Question 3

What cells can be found in the wall of blood vessels in some forms of vasculitis?

Answer 3

PMNs

Question 4

What cells are the tissue-bound equivalent of the bloodborne basophil?

Answer 4

Mast cells

Question 5

What two cells are characteristic of chronic inflm?

Answer 5

1. Monocytes –> migrate from vessel into tissue then called macrophages or histocytes.
2. Lymphocytes

Question 6

What do Langhan cells look like?

Answer 6

Horseshoe arrangement of nuclei on outer edge with clear inner circle

Question 7

What do Touton giant cells look like?

Answer 7

Have an annulus of nuclei surrounded by a lipid-filled clear zone

Question 8

What are the 2 syndromes that dermoids are found?

Answer 8

1. Goldenhar

2. LINEAR NEVUS SEBACEOUS SYNDROME

Question 9

Where are dermoid and dermolipomas usually located?

Answer 9

1. Dermoid - IT - (contain epidermis and dermis and adnexal structures, NO adipose)
2. Dermolipoma - ST - (Softer and more yellow due to adipose tissue in DEEPER layers with NO adnexal structures)

Question 10

What are 6 syndromes a/w Peter’s anomaly?

Answer 10

1. Axenfeld-Reiger
2. Congenital rubella
3. MLS
4. Pfiffer syndrome
5. Trisomy 13-15
6. Kivilin sydrome

Question 11

List 5 things that stain PAS +

Answer 11

1. Fungi
2. Conj goblet cells - mucin
3. Cuticular drusen
4. Descemets
5. Lens capsule and BM

Question 12

Collodial iron stains for what?

Answer 12

Mucopolysaccride and Macular dystrophy; stains hylauronic acid

Question 13

Prussian blue stains what?

Answer 13

IRON - stains blue

Question 14

What are 5 causes of noncaseating granulomas?

Answer 14

1. Sarcoid
2. TB
3. FB reaction
4. Fungal infection
5. TB infection

Question 15

Michels fixative is used for what?

Answer 15

immunoflourescence specimens

Question 16

Glutaraldehyde is used for what?

Answer 16

fixatives used for samples of electron microscopy

Question 17

Formalin is used for what?

Answer 17

Fixative most commonly used for routine histopathological analysis.

Question 18

Ethyl alcohol is used for what?

Answer 18

fixative for cytological preparations.

Question 19

What does Von Kossa stain and in what dx?

Answer 19

Calcium black seen in Band keratopathy

Question 20

Iris and cornea stroma are from what?

Answer 20

Neural crest cells

Question 21

Iris pigment epithelium is from what?

Answer 21

Neuroectoderm