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Pathology and Tumors > Conj / Cornea / Iris > Flashcards

Conj / Cornea / Iris Flashcards

1
Q

Which fungi causes isolated conjunctivitis seen mostly in India and Southeast Asia?

A

Rhinosporidium seeberi

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2
Q

Recurrent pterygia look like what histopathologically?

A

Lack elastotic degeneration and are more accurately classified as an exuberant fibrous tissue response.

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3
Q

What distribution does amyloid have in the conj?

A

Perivascular distribution

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4
Q

Amyloid deposit affecting the skin of the eyelid reflects what?

A

Systemic condition

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5
Q

Amyloid deposits affecting the palpebral conj reflects what?

A

Localized pathology

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6
Q

HPV 6 and 16 affect what age group for papillomas?

A

6 - kids

16 - adults

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7
Q

What is the normal changes of nevi?

A
  1. Initially junctional phase

2. Soley substantia propria.

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8
Q

Approx what % of conj melanoma arise from PAM with atypic?

A

2/3

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9
Q

What are 4 unfavorable prognostic factors for conj melanoma?

A
  1. Nonepibulbar location
  2. histopathological identification of pagetoid or full-thickness intraepithelial spread
  3. involvment of the eyelid skin margin
  4. Tumors greater than 1.8mm carry greater risk for dissemination and death
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10
Q

Where do metatistis first develop for conj melanoma?

A
  1. Parotid LN

2. Submandibular LN

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11
Q

What type of keratitis is seen as a complication of trauma or of corticosteroid use?

A

Fungal (able to penetrate into the AC)

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12
Q

What are the 3 special stains used to mycotic keratitis?

A
  1. Grocott-Gomori methenamine-silver nitrate
  2. PAS
  3. Giesma
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13
Q

Non-nutrient blood agar layered with E coli is used to grow what?

A

Acanthamoeba

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14
Q

Histopatholically Salzmann nodular degeneation is what?

A

Gray/blue elevated lesions made up of hyaline material and ABSENCE OF BOWMAN’S LAYER.

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15
Q

Pannus is growth of tissue where?

A

Between the epithelium and Bowman’s layer

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16
Q

What are the earliest histological changes in KCN?

A

Focal discontinuities of the epithelial BM and Bowman’s layer.

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17
Q

Spontaneous rupture in which membrane leads to acute stromal edema or hydrous?

A

DESCEMET’S

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18
Q

What are causes of spontaneous breaks in Descement’s?

A
  1. Terrien Marginal degeneration

2. Pellucid Marginal degeneration

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19
Q

Whorl like keratopathy occurs where?

A

BASAL layer of the epithelium

20
Q

What stain is used to bring out corneal iron lines?

A

Prussian blue or Perls test.

21
Q

Abnl proliferation of WHAT is a constant feature of all forms of ICE syndrome?

A

ENDOTHELIUM with descements

22
Q

Exfoliation syndrome has been a/w what?

A
  1. HTN
  2. CVA
  3. MI
23
Q

What % of patients having greater than 180 degrees of angle recession develop GL?

A

5-10%

24
Q

Ciliary nerves may have pigmented melanocytes along their nerve sheaths that appear as pigmentation on the epibulbar surface =

A

Axenfeld nerve loop (through a transmural emissarial channel)

25
Q

Sclera stroma is made up of what type of collagen?

A

Type 1

26
Q

Where are episcleral osseous choristomas ususally found?

A

ST quad

27
Q

Name the 3 layers of zonal granuloma?

A
  1. Inner - multinuclearted giant cells and PMNs adjacent to the degnerating lens material
  2. Lymphocytes and histiocytes
  3. fibrous connective tissue and collagen
28
Q

After what type of cataract surgery does Elschnig pearls form?

A

Extracapsular - remaining epithelial cells proliferate and cover the inner surface of the posterior capsule.

29
Q

What is sequestration of proliferating lens fibers in the equatorial region, often as a result of incomplete cortical removal, creates a doughnut shaped configuration called?

A

Soemmerring ring

30
Q

What are the 2 categories of cortical lens degeneration ?

A
  1. generalized discolorations with loss of transparency

2. focal opacifications

31
Q

What is the clinical evaluation of a suspicious iris nevi?

A
  1. Slit lamp photography

2. UBM!!

32
Q

How do you differentiate primary vs recurrent ptyergium?

A

Lack of elastoid degeneration in recurrent.

33
Q

Verhoeff-van Geisma stains what?

A

Elastotic material - pingeculum

34
Q

How do u fix eyelid laceration?

A

the eyelid margin closure should result in a MODERATE EVERSION of the well-approximated wound edges.

35
Q

What is the inheritance of megalocornea?

A

X linked recessive

36
Q

In what disease is it classically seen where Bowman’s membrane is destroyed by inflammatory pannus?

A

Trachoma

37
Q

In Terrian’s degeneration, what layers of the cornea are lost?

A

Bowmans and superficial stroma (epithelium intact)

38
Q

What do u see in KCN?

A

Dehisence in Bowman’s membrane with compensatory epithelial hyperplasia

39
Q

Mutation in GELSOLIN is seen in what dz?

A

Lattice type 2 (Meretoja)

40
Q

In Terrian’s degeneration, what layers of the cornea are lost?

A

Bowmans and superficial stroma (epithelium intact)

41
Q

What do u see in KCN?

A

Dehisence in Bowman’s membrane with compensatory epithelial hyperplasia

42
Q

Mutation in GELSOLIN is seen in what dz?

A

Lattice type 2 (Meretoja)

43
Q

What do you see in a Cortical cataract?

A

Morgagian globules - round, eosinophilc, NO NUCELI

44
Q

Degenerative pannus presents how?

A

Fibrous tissue between base of epithelium and INTACT BOWMANS membrane (seen with chronic corneal edema)
(Inflammatory pannus DESTROYs Bowmans)

45
Q

What are the 3 layers of ZONAL inflm?

A
  1. PMNs around lens material
  2. Epitheloid cells (granulomatous)
  3. Lymphocytes, eosinophils, granulation tissue

Pathology and Tumors (5 decks)

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