consolidation of m's dictatorship

Question 1

name 5 problems mussolini faced in terms of power

Answer 1

only had 4 facists in the cabinet
pope still has influence
roman question
socialists
the monarch

Question 2

when was the speech to the chamber of deputies by mussolini

Answer 2

novemeber 1922

Question 3

in the chamber of deps speech how much of the vote did mussolini win to grant him emergency powers for a year

Answer 3

306 to 116

Question 4

whats the significance of the speech to the chamber of deps

Answer 4

mussolini couldnt be removed by parliament and had full power to raise and govern taxes without approval

Question 5

when was the facsist grand council created

Answer 5

december 1922

Question 6

what was the role of the fascist grand council

Answer 6

discuss and approve government policy

Question 7

how many members of the FGC were nominated by mussolini

Answer 7

22

Question 8

significance of the FGC?

Answer 8

overcame mussolinis weak position in the cabinet
centralised his power over the party

Question 9

when were the squads formed into militia

Answer 9

jan 1923

Question 10

did members of the militia take an oath to mussolini or the king

Answer 10

mussolini

Question 11

significance of the new voluntary fascist militia?

Answer 11

absorbed the squadrisit, formalised their role as a party based parliamentary force
strengthened control of the blackshirts

Question 12

what was the acerbo law of 1923

Answer 12

any party gaining 25% votes or more were to be granted 2/3 of seats in the chamber of deps
changed the old electoral system but retained PR

Question 13

significance of the acerbo law 1923

Answer 13

brought stability to italy (coherent parliament)
king and vaticans supported it
mussolini used violence

Question 14

when did the merge of facist and nationalist parties happen

Answer 14

feb 1923

Question 15

after the merger facist and nationalist parties, what party was the only one left

Answer 15

PNF

Question 16

significance of the merge of fascist and nationalist parties

Answer 16

removed the threat of nationlaists so fascists are more influential

Question 17

how many seats did mussolini win at the 1924 april election

Answer 17

374

Question 18

what psi candidate was murdered

Answer 18

piccini

Question 19

significance of the april 1924 election

Answer 19

atmosphere of intimidation
evidence of vote rigging
militia present at voting booths
cemented power

Question 20

when was matteoti murdered

Answer 20

july 1924

Question 21

the murder of matteoti was carried out by who

Answer 21

fascist gang called the cheka

Question 22

significance of the matteoti murder

Answer 22

people called for a dismissal of Mussolini
faced pressure from the ras
deputies thought government was unconsititional

Question 23

what date was mussolinis speech addressing the matteoti murder

Answer 23

3rd jan 1925

Question 24

on the 3rd jan 1925 what was mussolini’s speech about

Answer 24

he took responsiblity for fascist violence
this speech signalled the move towards a totalitarian state

Question 25

significance of mussolinis speech on the 3rd jan 1925

Answer 25

king wouldnt dismiss mussolini as PM ordered PNF to cease all forms of violence met with delegation of squad leaders salanda was his opp

Question 26

the chamber of deps speech in 1924, how many hours did mussolini announce until hed make a dictatorship

Answer 26

48 hours

Question 27

what was mussolinis first response to the matteoti murder

Answer 27

he went into hiding

Question 28

what did mussolini do about the matteoti murder after he came out of hiding

Answer 28

a policy which combined repression and concession the militia was mobilsied and tighter controls were imposed on the press

Question 29

on the 27th decemeber was newspaper was released

Answer 29

published by rossi who wrote about his testimony directly implicating mussolini in facist murder

Question 30

in jan 1926 how many decrees were issued

Answer 30

2000+

Question 31

who was the OVRA

Answer 31

The OVRA was Mussolini’s secret police

Question 32

what was the aventine succession

Answer 32

a political protest in Italy in 1924, when opposition members of Parliament walked out in response to the murder of Matteotti, a Socialist deputy.

Question 33

how many deputies walked out due to the aventine succession

Answer 33

Around 150 anti-Fascist deputies (Socialists, Liberals, Communists, Popolari) left Parliament in protest.

Question 34

why did the aventine succesion fail

Answer 34

The king refused to act. Mussolini held onto power and began cracking down even harder. With the opposition absent from Parliament, Mussolini was able to consolidate full control without resistance.

Question 35

on the 23rd match 1919 how many ex soliders leagues in milan formed the facists party

Answer 35

20

Question 36

how did mussolini gain the trust of the church

Answer 36

increased clerical pay and reinstated crusifixes in schools

Question 37

who did m appoint as the work and welfare minister

Answer 37

PPI member stefano cavazzoni

Question 38

mussolinis pro catholic polciies encouraged who to support the PNF at the expense of the PPI

Answer 38

Vatican

Question 39

since the march on rome the PNF doubled in size to how many memebers

Answer 39

783,000

Question 40

how many memebers pledged alligance to italy and mussolini

Answer 40

300,000

Question 41

april election 1924 how many votes went to M

Answer 41

63.3%

Question 42

who did Mussolini appoint as the pNF secretary

Answer 42

farinacci

Question 43

how much did farincici increase memebers to

Answer 43

600,000 to 938,000