Constitutional Foundations

Question 1

State Government Powers

Answer 1

Taxation, Create a court system, Enforce laws passed down by congress, All powers not delegated to the national government

Question 2

National Government Powers

Answer 2

Limited Powers, Wage and declare war, make treaties, settle disputes btwn states, Request money but it CANNOT COLLECT, Direct Army and Navy

Question 3

Weakness of the Articles of Confederation

Answer 3

Cannot impose or collect taxes, no national currency, no judicial branch, no executive branch, cannot regulate trade btwn states, 2/3 [9/13 states] majority needed to pass laws
13/13 states vote to amend articles of confederatikn

Question 4

Land Ordinance

Answer 4

Sold Western Lands to pay debts and survey land

Question 5

Northwest Ordinance

Answer 5

Set the rules for new States and prohibited slavery In the region (Old Northwest)

Question 6

Shays Rebellion

Answer 6

Refusal to pay taxes and the state militia had to put it down - CHANGE WAS NEEDED TO THE Aoc

Question 7

Constitutional Convention

Answer 7

Issues and Founders - Need plan for distribution of power, representation and slavery. Benjamin Franklin, Alecander Hamilton, Georgeg Washington, James Madison.

Question 8

Virgina Plan

Answer 8

Large State plan bicameral legislation, 3 branches of government, strong national government

Question 9

New Jersey Plan

Answer 9

Small state Plan unicameral legislation, States had more power

Question 10

Great Compromise (Conneticut Plan)

Answer 10

Bicameral legislature, House of Reps (Big States Seat based on seat population) - Anything that deals with money starts at the House of Representative, Senate (Small States - 2 representatives from each state

Question 11

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 11

Solved representation and taxation problem - CB 5 slaves count as 3 people and had to pay taxes since slaves were property. This gave the South a significant amount of political strength until the Civil War. Slave trade banned in 1808(mentioned in Cx.) - South got around this by encouraging slaves to have families

Question 12

Federalist Papers

Answer 12

Articles that promoted the ratification of the Cx.

Question 13

Bill of Rights

Answer 13

10 Amendments - Gaurenteed CIvil rights and liberties of the people. Needed to be included to ratify the Cx. Anti-Federalists wanted the Bill of Rights included

Question 14

Elastic Clause

Answer 14

Not stated in the Cx. but assumed to exist “Necessary and Proper”

Question 15

Supremacy Clause

Answer 15

The Cx. is the supreme law of the land

Question 16

Unwritten Constitution

Answer 16

Traditions that have become part of the US political system such as political parties and the Presidents cabinet

Question 17

Supreme Court under John Marshall

Answer 17

Power of the federal government expanded

Question 18

Judicial Review

Answer 18

The ability of the Court to declare a Legislative or Executive act in violation of the Cx.

Question 19

Marbury v Madison

Answer 19

Established Judicial Review

Question 20

McCulloch v Maryland and Gibbons v Ogden

Answer 20

The federal government can use the commerce clause and supremacy Clause to conduct business

Question 21

mapp v Ohio

Answer 21

Evidence obtained illegally may not be used against someone ina court of law by the fourth amendment

Question 22

Gideon v Warwright

Answer 22

The SIxth and Fourteenth Amendments guarantee a right of legal counsel to anyone accused of a crime

Question 23

Miranda v Arizona

Answer 23

Police officers give detainees a Miranda warning that describes their constitutional rights when faced with interrogaton

Question 24

Engel v Vitale

Answer 24

The state cannott hold prayers in public schools, even if it is not required and not tied to a particular religon

Question 25

Tinker v Des Molnes IA

Answer 25

Students right to free speech in public schools

Question 26

TLO v New Jersey

Answer 26

Fourth Amendments prohibition on unreasonable searches and seizures is not limited solely to the actions of law enforcement personnel. It also applies to the conduct of public school officials. Public school teachers act as agents of the state, and not merely agents of the students parents.