Construction Tech - John Roan Flashcards
(48 cards)
1
Q
What design options were considered?
A
- The use of each room – meeting room, reception office and medical / waiting room
- Existing reception desk – client wanted it to be converted into a storage space
2
Q
What was the contractor’s design portion?
A
- Design and installation of all new services, including:
o Lighting – LED lay in grid on simple switch
o Small power – 4no. double sockets per office
o Ventilation – MVHR as detailed later
3
Q
What did you include within the employer’s requirements?
A
- Outline of the project
- Scope of services required – e.g. specificity on all new services
- Performance specification of the services
- Existing and proposed drawings
- Proposed form of contract (JCT MWD16)
- Responsibility of statutory approval – contractor allowed to self-certify under NICEIC Competent Persons Scheme
- Tender pricing document
4
Q
What is a CAT A fit-out?
A
- A level of fit out of the tenant’s space completed by the developer.
- May include:
Raised floors and suspended ceilings,
Distribution of mechanical and electrical services
Internal surface finishes
Blinds
5
Q
What is a CAT B fit-out?
A
- The fit out of the internal space to the tenant’s requirements.
- May include:
Final finishes and branding
Installation of offices
Fitting out of reception, meeting rooms etc.
Installation of lighting, AV etc.
6
Q
What standards did you ensure the ventilation system was installed to?
A
- Installed by a competent and familiar installers
- Trained in accordance with BPEC installer scheme
- Approved Document F: Ventilation
- Contractor submitted designs of location of:
o Location of ductwork run, fan unit and controls
o Type, size and position of ducts and terminals
o Direction of fall for ‘horizontal’ ductwork
o Type and spacing of clips and fixings
o Type and location of ancillary components – e.g. crosstalk attenuator and fire-stopping insulation
o Airflow-balancing figures for the system
7
Q
What standards did you ensure the lighting system was installed to?
A
- Ensured all installations met ISO 9001 standards
- Specified self-certification of NICEIC installation
- Appropriate lux levels dependant on the room
- Approved Document P: Electrical Safety
- Approved Document L: Conservation of Fuel & Power
8
Q
What standards did you ensure the small power system was installed to?
A
- BS 7671 – 18th Edition
- Specified self-certification of NICEIC installation
- Approved Document P: Electrical Safety
9
Q
How did you strip out all existing services?
A
- All supplies were switched off, de-gassed and capped, then taken back to the meter in some occasions
10
Q
What did you recommend for each room?
A
- Lay in grid suspended ceiling, incorporating ventilation and lighting
- Thorlux Hyline 600x600mm L80/B10 LED – 67,000 hours
- Partitions with Rockwool sound insulation slab 70mm – 45dB between timber joists, 400mm centres, incpororating 2x 12.5mm Gyproc FireLine plasterboard on either side
- Burmatex carpet tiling – Tivoli – 600
- Data points, small power sockets to suit the client’s needs
Office
- Burmatex carpet tiling – Tivoli – 600
- Data points, small power sockets to suit the client’s needs
- Access hatch at suitable height to satisfy Doc M
- Client provided their own furniture
Medical Room
- Polyflor Verona PUR flooring – safety flooring, >36 RRL pendulum test
o Came with guarantee throughout life of the product
- Data points, small power sockets to suit the client’s needs
11
Q
What are the Approved Document M stipulations for entrances?
A
- Need to limit air filtration, control draughts, increase security, provide transitional lighting
- Lobby should be large enough to allow wheelchair / pram to move clear of one door before entering the next door – requirement of at least 1,570mm space between each door
- Reception desk to be at least 1,500mm wide, no higher than 760mm, knee recess no less than 700mm above floor level
- Reception point provided with hearing enhancement system
- Floor surface is slip resistant – barrier matting installed
12
Q
When was the building constructed?
A
- 2011
13
Q
What was the existing layout?
A
- Open plan reception area
- Automatic doors as entry
- Solid timber desk in the middle of the room
14
Q
What acoustic insulation did you specify?
A
- Rockwool sound insulation slab – 70mm x 400mm x 1200mm, fire rated to FD30
- Installed in each ceiling void
- Installed within cavity of partitions - Rockwool sound insulation slab 100mm
15
Q
What fire-rated elements did you consider?
A
- Fire rated timber doors, frames and architraves
- Fire-rated insulation in the ceiling voids
- Compartmentation between each partition
- Ensured new partitions had adequate means of escape
- Fire stopping to services in ceiling void
- Fire dampers to ventilation ductwork
- Ductwork within ceiling void installed using metal clips
16
Q
Was there a requirement for sprinklers?
A
- Not in new partitions – the main building had various sprinklers throughout, each partition was fire-rated and protected
- The FRA advised that the new partitions needed only a standard L2 fixed point fire alarm, linked to an alarm receiving centre for coverage on night times, weekends and school holidays
- Smoke detection was installed in new rooms, with emergency lighting
- Detection system to be installed in accordance with BS 539-1:2017
- Emergency and escape lighting to all walkways and escape routes in accordance with BS 5266-1 2005 and BS 5266-7
- Final exits with standard illumination with signage in accordance to BS 5499-1.
- Doors to be min 30-min fire rated to form compartmentation in each partition, fire resistant glazing
17
Q
What lux levels did you specify?
A
- For each office – 500 lux
- Circulation areas / waiting area – 200 lux
- Medical room – 1,000 lux
18
Q
What are the lux levels required per each room setting?
A
- Public areas with dark surroundings – 20-50
- Areas with traffic corridors – stairways, escalators, lifts – 100
- WCs - 100
- Warehouses, homes, theatres – 150
- Coffee break room, technical facilities, waiting rooms – 200
- Easy office work – 250
- Class rooms – 300
- Normal office work, PC work, study library, show rooms, labs, kitchens – 500
- Supermarkets, mechanical workshops, office landscapes – 750
- Normal drawing work, detailed mechanical workshops, operation theatres – 1,000
- Detailed drawing works, very detailed mechanical workshops, - 1,500-2,000
19
Q
What is lux?
A
- 1 lux = illumination of 1sqm surface 1.0m away from a single candle
20
Q
How are lux levels tested?
A
- A light meter to measure amount of light in a space or on a surface
- Light meter measures light falling onto it, provides a measurable illuminance reading
21
Q
You mentioned you advised on sound resistant rooms, are you qualified to provide advice on this?
A
- Yes, I believe I was
- I undertook research to understand requirements included
o Reverb calculations
o Gyproc Robust Details
o Acoustic testing on completion
22
Q
How did the specify the construction of the partitions?
A
- Chase out concrete on floor – 100mm to fit Gypframe 99 FC 50 fixing channel
- Acoustic flanking strips to soffit
- Both sides of partition fitted with 2x 12/5mm Gyproc soundbloc
- Rockwool sound insulation slab 100mm within cavity– 45dB between timber joists, 400mm centres
23
Q
How were the rooms tested prior to completion?
A
- Acoustic testing undertaken by competent company to test airborne sound quantities
- Part E of building regulations – Resistance to the passage of sound
- Target figure is 43dB
o Impact 64db (maximum)
o Airborne 43db (minimum)
24
Q
If robust details are used is pre-completion testing required?
A
- No:
o Robust details are recognised details within the industry for soundproofing
25
How were the rest of the rooms constructed?
- Suspended ceiling with acoustic ceiling tiles
- Acoustic panels on the walls
- Carpet tiles
26
What was the specification for the fire resistance of internal partitions?
- Installation of dry-lining plasterboard FD30 rated
- FD30 rating to internal doorsets, frames and door furniture
- Fire stopping to all services within the ceiling void
27
What “roof” was installed to the partitions?
- 12mm plywood sheeting screw fixed onto timber frame at 400mm centres
- Painted white (client’s choice)
- Timber fascia installed – 25mm x 175mm, white to match roof
28
What annotations did you include on the design drawings?
- Details on type of joists to be used for ceiling
- Type of timber for framing / blockwork
- Locations of each partition and their use
- Flooring – carpet tiles, and colour
- Location of desks within office, along with all furniture
- School logo
- LED strip lights to the shelving (desk conversion)
- Instruction to re-form dad trunking in the storage room
- Instruction to form 30 min fire-rated frame around glazing into the storage room
29
What fire alarm system was specified?
- Non specified – school arranged for new smoke sensors to be linked into existing system
- Fire extinguishers were also installed adjacent to main entrance door and within each room
- School undertook a fire risk assessment
30
Was any secondary means of escape considered?
- Rooms too small for secondary escape, so all partitions appropriately fire-stopped and fire rated
31
Where were the M&E services located from?
- Contractor’s design
- Existing services ran through suspended ceiling throughout reception area
- Contractor extended all electrical services to run through ceiling of new partitions
- Installed new MVHR system
- Provided the contractor with a performance specification
32
What types of specification are you aware of?
- Prescriptive
- Performance
33
What are the differences between prescriptive and performance specs?
- Prescriptive – The design is complete, client has more control and comfort over the end product
- Performance – Sets out the requirements for the works, requires more design work to be carried out. Focuses on the outcome rather than the characteristics of the components
34
Why would you select a performance specification?
- Gives supplies more leeway to innovate and offer cost effective methods of work, potentially offering better value for money
35
What was the emergency lighting?
- 30 minute battery power backup
36
What is the British standard for electrical systems?
- BS7671: 2018 – 18th edition
37
What small power was specified?
- 13 amp 4no. double sockets (MK Metalclad Plus) per meeting room & office, 3no double in first aid
- PVC insulated cables in MK Prestige 3 compartment trunking
- 1no. manual light switch for each room, 1no. PIR system per each room
- IP rating 22
38
What air conditioning system did you specify?
- Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery
39
What Building Regulations did you adhere to for the ventilation installation?
- Approved Document Part F – Ventilation
- For rooms with no openable windows, extract should operate
o Whilst the room is unoccupied
o For a minimum of 15 minutes after occupants have left the room
40
How do MVHR systems work?
- Mechanical Ventilation with Heating Recovery
- Air is passed over heat exchange cell that recovers / retains heat otherwise lost from extracted air
- Heat is then transferred to incoming fresh filtered air the unit is resupplying back into habitable rooms
41
Why did you specify an MVHR system?
- No openable windows within the new rooms – the external windows were curtain walling
- MVHR system provides fresh filtered air into a building whilst retaining most of the energy already used in heating the building
- Controlled ventilation system, lower humidity and no condensation
- MVHR constantly ventilates the property
- Central unit able to be located closer to the installed rooms #
o Central unit contains supply fan, flat-plate heat exchanger and filter
42
What was the size of the MVHR and how was it installed?
- Nuaire XBC-25 with heater battery
- Insulated and metal clad ductwork
- Cross-talk attenuators
- 50mm mineral wool foil faced insulation
- Volume control dampers
43
What does a volume control damper do?
- Controls air flow within ductwork
44
How did you consider the noisy airflow of the MVHR system?
- Specified installation of crosstalk attenuators
- Design to maintain sound transmission ratings in low velocity air transfer between adjoining spaces, permitting fresh air to circulate continuously
- They dampen noise transfer between rooms and ductwork
o Prefabricated ductwork with acoustic lining
45
Why didn’t you specify air-conditioning?
- Multiple zones within the office area
- Inadequate space in plant room to house the AHU containing supply and extract fans, cooling coil and filter
46
Difference between AC and comfort cooling
- Air conditioning systems control moisture content of the air, including humidification and dehumidification to reduce condensation – both surface and interstitial
- Comfort cooling is the cooling of air alone
47
What are R22 refrigerants?
- Used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems pre-dating 2004, was banned in new equipment in 2004 and refurbished systems since 2015.
48
Why were R22 refrigerants banned?
- Banned due to the effects on the ozone layer by the EU
