contemporary crowd theory- group norms and the meaning of their behaviour

Question 1

what did Fogelson 1971 conclude

Answer 1

• concluded restraint and selectivity was present in crowds
• not uncontrolled
• pattern to it

Question 2

reicher 1984 study aim question

Answer 2

• are there limits to crowds or coherence in crowd behaviour

Question 3

what has reicher 1984 distinguished between?

Answer 3

• individual acts and acts by crowd

Question 4

who were targets in reciher’s study found and stats

Answer 4

• police
• 2 severly injured
• 27 mildly injured
  -21 police cars damaged

Question 5

stats of Reicher’s study on civilian vs estate owned businesses- 4 stats

Answer 5

• 4/16 locally owned businesses damaged
• 8 outsider shops all damaged
• institutional authorities damaged
• no civilian homes damaged

Question 6

what were the geographical limits of recihers research and reason for this

Answer 6

• police chased out of st.pauls
• saw police as outside force and them defending their community

Question 7

what are some implications of reicher’s research

Answer 7

• image of ‘mindless mobs’ hard to see from outside mob
• you dont lose your identity you conform with terms of group membership
• behaviour our authorities may be able to shape emergence of crowds norms

Question 8

what riot did reicher study

Answer 8

st pauls Bristol riots

Question 9

what was found from stott and reicher 1998 study on police perspective

Answer 9

• their perspective neglected
• so shapes police action… impacting crowds

Question 10

how are people in crowds seen to police and what implication arises from this

Answer 10

• extreme minorities and trouble makers
• all potentilly dangerous people so… police must treat crowd the same

Question 11

issue with police practices? and their thinkinh process of crowds when conflict arises

Answer 11

• visors blurry so all of crowd looks exact same
• conflict arises: ordinary people normally leave and leave people who are looking to ‘fight’

Question 12

how did battle of westminister bridge arise

Answer 12

• students organised a demonstration to protest against gov replacing student grants with loans

Question 13

how did demonstration first begin to arise

Answer 13

• created breakaway march
• created shortened route
• diverse crowds, troublemakers and ordinary people, however collective shared interest czused group membership

Question 14

how does the escalation of conflict form

Answer 14

• group membership provides lens to interpret actions of others
• group sees their behaviour as reasonable and sees others as unreasonable
• escalation of conflict due to conflicting understandings of legitimacy

Question 15

summary of crowds

Answer 15

• are group processes
• group membership provides sense making
• sense of group membership develops through interaction
• confliction unavoidable due to conflicting understandings of legitamacy