CONTEMPT M1-3 QUIZ/PRELIMS Flashcards by MARIAN CHELSEA COLLADO

THE PRODUCT OF INTERACTIONS THAT INCLUDE COMMERCE,
WARFARE AND INVASION, INTERMARRIAGE, AND MIGRATION FROM PLACE OF BIRTH.

Globalization

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t or f

Globalization is as old as civilization

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_____ is THE CREATION OF NEW SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THE MULTIPLICATION OF EXISTING CONNECTIONS THAT
CUT ACROSS TRADITIONAL POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, CULTURAL
AND GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES

Expansion

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_____ – EXPANSION, STRETCHING AND
ACCELERATION OF THESE NETWORKS

INTENSIFICATION`

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Accoording to ___

Globalization is THE EXPANSION AND INTENSIFICATION OF SOCIAL
RELATIONS AND CONSCIOUSNESS ACROSS THE WORLD
TIME AND ACROSS WORLD SPACE”

(STEGER)

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3 key themes and characteristics of globalization according to steger

1 Globality
2 Globalization
3 Global Imaginary

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____ A SOCIAL CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY TIGHT
ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, CULTURAL AND
ENVIRONMENTAL INTERCONNECTIONS AND FLOWS, MAKING CURRENTLY EXISTING BORDERS AND BOUNDARIES IRRELEVANT

Globality

note: Condition

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_____ is A SET OF SOCIAL PROCESSES THAT APPEAR TO TRANSFORM OUR PRESENT SOCIAL CONDITION OF
WEAKENING NATIONALITY INTO ONE OF GLOBALITY; HUMAN LIVES PLAYED OUT IN THE WORLD AS A SINGLE
PLACE; REDEFINING LANDSCAPE OF SOCIOPOLITICAL
PROCESSES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES THAT STUDY THESE
MECHANISMS

Globalization

note: Process

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_____ is:

A CONCEPT REFERRING TO PEOPLE’S GROWING CONSCIOUSNESS OF BELONGING TO A GLOBAL
COMMUNITY
DESTABILIZES AND UNSETTLES THE CONVENTIONAL PARAMETERS OF UNDERSTANDING WITHIN WHICH
PEOPLE IMAGINE THEIR COMMUNAL EXISTENCE

Global Imaginary

note: Concept

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Globalization as a ______

MULTIDIMENSIONAL SET OF SOCIAL PROCESSES THAT GENERATE
AND INCREASE “WORLDWIDE SOCIAL INTERDEPENDENCIES AND
EXCHANGES WHILE AT THE SAME TIME FOSTERING IN PEOPLE A
GROWING AWARENESS OF DEEPENING CONNECTIONS BETWEEN
THE LOCAL AND THE DISTANT

PRocess

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Globalization as a ______

SCHOLTE’S TRANSPLANETARY CONNECTIVITY (ESTABLISHMENT OF
SOCIAL LINKS BETWEEN PEOPLE LOCATED AT DIFFERENT PLACES OF THE
PLANET – NOT GEOGRAPHIC UNIT BUT AS A SPACE) AND SUPRATERRITORIALITY (SOCIAL CONNECTIONS THAT TRANSCEND TERRITORIAL GEOGRAPHY – RENDERS BORDERS AND BARRIERS
IRRELEVANT)

Condition

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Globalization as a ______

EXIST IN THE PEOPLE’S CONSCIOUSNESS – IDEAS AND BELIEFS ABOUT
THE GLOBAL ORDER

IDeology

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What are the 6 core claims of GLOBALIZATION AS AN IDEOLOGY

ABOUT THE LIBERALIZATION AND GLOBAL INTEGRATION OF MARKETS.
INEVITABLE & IRREVERSIBLE.
NOBODY IS IN CHARGE OF GLOBALIZATION.
BENEFITS EVERYONE IN THE LONG RUN
FURTHERS THE SPREAD OF DEMOCRACY IN THE WORLD.
REQUIRES A GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR.

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6 THEORETICAL PARADIGMS ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBALIZATION

WORLD SYSTEMS THEORY
GLOBAL CAPITALISM PARADIGM
THE NETWORK SOCIETY
SPACE, TIME AND GLOBALIZATION
TRANSNATIONALITY AND TRANSNATIONALISM
GLOBAL CULTURE PARADIGM

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One of the 6 THEORETICAL PARADIGMS ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBALIZATION

_________ Paradigm, Created by _____, VIEW GLOBALIZATION NOT AS A RECENT PHENOMENON BUT AS VIRTUALLY SYNONYMOUS WITH THE “BIRTH AND SPREAD OF CAPITALISM”

GLOBALIZATION IS NOT AT ALL NEW PROCESS BUT SOMETHING THAT IS
JUST CONTINUING AND EVOLVING.

World Systems Paradigm
IMMANUEL WALLERSTEIN

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CAPITALIST WORLD SYSTEM IS DIVIDED INTO THREE CATEGORIES:

which are?

Core
Periphery
Semi Periphery

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One of the 3 categories of CAPITALIST WORLD SYSTEM

_______ = POWERFUL AND DEVELOPED CENTERS

Which areas? (Give 3)

Note:
High Income, Control Global Markets

Core

West Europe, Noth America, Japan

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One of the 3 categories of CAPITALIST WORLD SYSTEM

______ = THOSE REGIONS THAT HAVE BEEN FORCIBLY SUBORDINATED TO THE CORE THROUGH COLONIZATION

Which Areas? (Give 5)

Note:
Low income, less skilled, need investment from other countries

Periphery

(LATIN AMERICA, AFRICA, ASIA,
MIDDLE EAST AND EASTERN EUROPE)

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One of the 3 categories of CAPITALIST WORLD SYSTEM

STATES AND REGIONS THAT WERE IN THE CORE AND ARE MOVING DOWN OR THOSE IN THE PERIPHERY AND ARE MOVING UP

Middle Income, Mostly Capitalist

Semi Periphery

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One of the 6 THEORETICAL PARADIGMS ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBALIZATION

________ Paradigm, created by _____ States that:

GLOBALIZATION IS A NOVEL STAGE IN THE EVOLVING SYSTEM OF WORLD CAPITALISM.
QUALITATIVELY NEW FEATURES THAT DISTINGUISH IT FROM EARLIER EPOCHS
NEW GLOBAL PRODUCTION AND FINANCIAL SYSTEM
RISE OF PROCESSES THAT CANNOT BE FRAMED WITHIN THE NATION-STATE/INTERSTATE SYSTEM

Global Capitalism

Robinson

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_________ - NEW CLASS THAT BRINGS TOGETHER SEVERAL SOCIAL GROUPS – EXECUTIVES OF TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS; GLOBALIZING
BUREAUCRATS, POLITICIANS, PROFESSIONALS AND CONSUMERIST ELITES IN THE MEDIA AND THE
COMMERCIAL SECTOR.

TCC Transnational Capitalist Class

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THEORY OF GLOBAL CAPITALISM INVOLVING THREE PLANKS:

Which are

TRANSNATIONAL PRODUCTION,

TRANSNATIONAL CAPITALISTS

TRANSNATIONAL STATE: CLASS
RELATIONS

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One of the 6 THEORETICAL PARADIGMS ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBALIZATION

_____, created by _____, ARGUES THAT GLOBALIZATION IS A NETWORK OF PRODUCTION, CULTURE, AND POWER
THAT IS CONSTANTLY SHAPED BY ADVANCES IN TECHNOLOGY, WHICH RANGE FROM COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES TO GENETIC ENGINEERING. CASTELLS SUGGESTS THAT THE RULES OF GLOBAL CAPITALISM HAVE CHANGED TO EMBRACE THESE NEW INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGIES

Network Society

Manuel Castells

NOTE:
THE RISE OF THE NETWORK SOCIETY TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGICAL
CHANGE INSTEAD OF CAPITALISM

NEW ECONOMY:
1. INFORMATIONAL, KNOWLEDGE BASED
2. GLOBAL PRODUCTION IS ORGANIZED ON A GLOBAL SCALE
3. NETWORKED, PRODUCTIVITY IS GENERATED THROUGH GLOBAL NETWORK

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Under Space, Time, and Globalization

________ by _______

THE INTENSIFICATION OF WORLDWIDE RELATIONS WHICH LINK DISTANT LOCALITIES IN SUCH A WAY THAT LOCAL HAPPENINGS ARE SHAPED BY EVENTS OCCURRING MANY MILES AWAY AND VICE VERSA

TIME-SPACE DISTANCIATION

BY Giddens

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Under Space, Time, and Globalization ________ by _______ PRODUCED BY THE VERY DYNAMICS OF CAPITALIST DEVELOPMENT Compression of Geopraphic Space by means of Faster Transport and Communication

TIME-SPACE COMPRESSION DAVID HARVEY –

Under Space, Time, and Globalization ________ by _______ PROPOSES A NEW SPATIAL ORDER IS EMERGING SUCH AS LONDON, NEW YORK AND TOKYO – SITES OF SPECIALIZED SERVICES FOR TRANSNATIONALLY MOBILE CAPITAL THAT IS SO CENTRAL TO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

SASSEN’S “THE GLOBAL CITY”

Under Space, Time, and Globalization ________ by _______ IDEAS ABOUT HOME, LOCALITY AND COMMUNITY HAVE BEEN EXTENSIVELY SPREAD AROUND THE WORLD

* ROBERT ROBERTSON “GLOCALIZATION”

_____ - AN UMBRELLA CONCEPT ENCOMPASSING A WIDE VARIETY OF TRANSFORMATIVE PROCESSES, PRACTICES AND DEVELOPMENTS THAT TAKE PLACE SIMULTANEOUSLY AT A LOCAL AND GLOBAL LEVEL

Transnationalism

_____ - BROADLY AS THE MULTIPLE TIES AND INTERACTIONS – ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL – THAT LINK PEOPLE, COMMUNITIES AND INSTITUTIONS ACROSS THE BORDERS OF NATION-STATES.

TRANSNATIONAL PROCESSES AND PRACTICES

______ - MORE INTENSE DUE TO SPEED AND RELATIVELY INEXPENSIVE CHARACTER OF TRAVEL AND COMMUNICATIONS AND THEIR IMPACTS

* TRANSNATIONAL LINKS –

6 THEORETICAL PARADIGMS ASSOCIATED WITH GLOBALIZATION EMPHASIZE THE RAPID GROWTH OF MASS MEDIA AND RESULTANT GLOBAL CULTURAL FLOWS AND IMAGES IN RECENT DECADES FOCUS: GLOBALIZATION AND RELIGION, NATIONS AND ETHNICITY, GLOBAL CONSUMERISM, GLOBAL COMMUNICATIONS AND THE GLOBALIZATION OF TOURISM

Global Culture

3 MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT GLOBALIZATION

AS INTERNATIONALIZATION AS LIBERALIZATION AS UNIVERSALIZATION AND WESTERNIZATION

one of the 3 MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT GLOBALIZATION IS THE REMOVAL OF BARRIERS AND RESTRICTIONS IMPOSED BY NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS SO AS TO CREATE AN OPEN AND BORDERLESS WORLD ECONOMY. * GLOBALIZATION IS REALIZED WHEN NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS “REDUCE OR ABOLISH REGULATORY MEASURES LIKE TRADE BARRIERS, FOREIGN – EXCHANGE RESTRICTIONS, CAPITAL CONTROLS AND VISA REQUIREMENTS”

As a Liberalization PROBLEM WITH THIS MISCONCEPTION: * CONFINES THE STUDY WITHIN THE DEBATE CONCERNING THE NEOLIBERAL MACROECONOMIC POLICIES: PRO AND ANTI * POLITICAL IMPLICATION – NEO-LIBERALISM IS THE ONLY AVAILABLE POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR A TRULY GLOBAL WORLD. * DEBATE ABOUT THE PROS AND CONS OF LAISSEZ FAIRE HAS BEEN HAPPENING FOR CENTURIES

one of the 3 MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT GLOBALIZATION

one of the 3 MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT GLOBALIZATION REFERS TO THE INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE, INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, TREATIES, ALLIANCES, ETC. INTER-NATIONAL, OF COURSE, MEANS BETWEEN OR AMONG NATIONS. INCLUDES ACTIVITIES BY ENTITIES SUCH AS CORPORATIONS, STATES, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, AND EVEN INDIVIDUALS WITH REFERENCE TO NATIONAL BORDERS AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS

AS a INternationalization

T or F Globalization DO NOT REQUIRE REFERENCE TO A STATE’S NATIONAL BORDER.

True Since, in contrast,` Internationalization need REFERENCE TO NATIONAL BORDERS AND NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS

one of the 3 MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT GLOBALIZATION DENOTES A PROCESS OF SPREADING VARIOUS OBJECTS, PRACTICES AND EXPERIENCES TO THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE PLANET * GLOBALIZATION IS WHEN THINGS, VALUES AND PRACTICES SPREAD TO THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE PLANET. * IMPLICATION: HOMOGENIZATION OF CULTURE, POLITICS, ECONOMY AND LAWS. DESTROYS INDIGENOUS PRACTICES AND CULTURES.

Universalization IT IS NOT A NEW FEATURE OF WORLD HISTORY.

WHEN WESTERN MODERNITY SPREADS AND DESTROYS, it is knwon as ____

Westernization it IS NOT THE ONLY PATH THAT CAN BE TAKEN BY GLOBALIZATION

ONe of the Dimensions of Integration SCAPES _____ – GLOBAL MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE

Ethnoscapes

ONe of the Dimensions of Integration SCAPES ___ - FLOW OF CULTURE

Mediascapes

ONe of the Dimensions of Integration SCAPES ___ - CIRCULATION OF MECHANICAL GOODS AND SOFTWARE

Technoscapes

ONe of the Dimensions of Integration SCAPES

ONe of the Dimensions of Integration SCAPES ____ - REALM WHERE POLITICAL IDEAS MOVE AROUND

Ideoscapes

___- is a historical process, the result of human innovation and technological progress It refers to the increasing integration of economies around the world, particularly through the movement of goods, services, and capital across borders.

Economic Process

T or F The trade in Global Economy involved was over land and small in scale slowly expanded territorially to involve larger and larger numbers of people

" ____ trade " is whereAmerica was directly connected to Asian trading routes during 1571

Galleon trade

______ - global trade with multiple restrictions

Mercantilism

During the ______ century, , international trade assumed a different scale with the expansion of Western European power, influence, and dominion into Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Goals included conquest and empire, economic profit, opening up new trade routes, providing slaves for the labor-intensive plantations that were opening up in the sparsely populated New World, and converting “heathen” peoples to Christianity.

17th Century The European Expansionism

An important mechanism of incorporation (European Expansionism) was _____, which was a successful enterprise because of Europe’s superior weapons technology, sea power, and commercial prowess and was attractive because it held out the promise of new lands, raw materials, cheap labor, and export markets for surplus goods produced in the factories of the colonial masters.

colonialism

_____ advocated that a nation should export more than it imported and accumulate bullion (especially gold) to make up the difference

Age of Mercantilism

3 Eras of System of Exchange are:

1870 - 1914 Gold Standard Era 1945 - 1971 Bretton Woods Era 1971 - Present Post Betton Woods

_____ - a system of fixed exchange rates in which the value of currencies was fixed relative to the value of gold, and gold was used as the primary reserve asset. Each country agreed to pay a specified amount of gold on demand to anyone who wanted to exchange its currency for gold

Gold standard

The world economy operates based on ______ – not backed up by precious metals and whose value is determined by their cost relative to other currencies. ➢ This system allows governments to freely and actively manage their economies by increasing or decreasing the amount of money in circulation as they see fit.

FIAT CURRENCIES

The Bretton Woods system was largely influenced by the ideas of British economist _____ who believed that economic crises occur not when a country does not have enough money, but when money is not being spent and, thereby, not moving. When economies slow down, governments have to reinvigorate markets with infusions of capital. This ACTIVE ROLE of GOVERNMENTS in managing spending served as the anchor for what would be called a system of ______

John Maynard Keynes Global Keynesianism

➢ Delegates at Bretton woods agreed to create two financial institutions. ________ ￫ responsible for FUNDING postwar reconstruction PROJECTS. ￫ critical institution at a time when many of the world's cities had been destroyed by the war.

International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, or World Bank)

Shortly after Bretton Woods, various countries also committed themselves to further global economic integration through the _______ - main purpose was to reduce tariffs and other hindrances to free trade. mainly dealt with trade in goods

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1947

➢ Delegates at Bretton woods agreed to create two financial institutions. ________ ￫ which was to be the global lender of last resort to prevent individual countries from spiraling into credit crises. ￫ If economic growth in a country slowed down because there was not enough money to stimulate the economy, they would step in.

International Monetary Fund (IMF),

Shortly after Bretton Woods, various countries also committed themselves to further global economic integration through the _______ - marked the biggest reform of international trade since the end of the Second World War. They cover trade in services and intellectual property. The birth of the WTO also created new procedures for the settlement of disputes.

World Trade Organization

t or f Keynesian economists believed that all this was a necessary trade-off for economic development. Which are == increase demand for these products. == the rise in prices is necessary because it was accompanied by general economic growth and reduced unemployment.

What caused US to stop linking the dollar to gold, effectively ending the Bretton Woods system.

stock markets crashed due to oil crisis

_____ - a decline in economic growth and employment (stagnation) took place alongside a sharp increase in prices (inflation).

Stagflation

____ is Economic philosophy advocating the free-market and removal of restrictions on business and trade (domestic and international), in order to generate maximum profit (hence "liberal"-not necessarily mutually exclusive with social liberalism, but nonetheless these beliefs clash frequently) [Shah, 2010] Supports the deregulation of "public services" (eg. healthcare, education)-maintained by private businesses, not government or other non-profit organisations; minimum state interference [Shah, 2010] Draws major criticism from social activists due to its perceived negative effects on social welfare and the working class

Neoliberalism

Economists such as ____ and _____ argued that the governments' practice of pouring money into their economies had caused inflation by increasing demand for goods without necessarily increasing supply.

Friedrich Hayek Milton Friedman

_____ is a set of 10 economic policy prescriptions considered to constitute the "standard" reform package promoted for crisis-wracked developing countries by Washington D.C.-based institutions such as the International Monetary Bank (IMF), the World Bank and the United States Department of the Treasury.

Washington Consensus

one of the 10 Washington Consensus keeping government budgets small enough that, after debt servicing, the operating deficit is no more than 2 percent of GDP;

Fiscal Discipline

one of the 10 Washington Consensus redirecting expenditure from politically sensitive areas and ‘white elephants’ towards neglected fields which are economically productive, strengthen the country’s infrastructure, or have the potential to improve income redistribution, such as primary health and education;

public expenditure priorities

one of the 10 Washington Consensus ____ reducing marginal tax rates to sharpen incentives for companies and individuals to earn more, and broadening the tax base to improve horizontal equity

tax reform

one of the 10 Washington Consensus _____ abolition of regulations which impede entry of new firms or restrict competition, while ensuring that all other regulations can be justified by criteria such as safety, environmental protection, or prudential supervision of financial institutions;

deregulation

one of the 10 Washington Consensus _____ removal of investment barriers impeding entry of foreign firms, with all receiving ‘national treatment’ (the same treatment as domestic firms);

foreign direct investment

one of the 10 Washington Consensus ___ progressively move towards marketdetermined interest rates within a less constrained financial marketplace

financial liberalization:

one of the 10 Washington Consensus : a single exchange rate that is set at a level that encourages expansion of non-traditional exports and managed in a way that assures exporters of continued competitiveness;

exchange rates:

one of the 10 Washington Consensus ___ rapid conversion of quantitative trade restrictions, such as import quotas, into tariffs and the progressive reduction of tariffs to between 10 and 20 percent;

trade liberalization

one of the 10 Washington Consensus ____ of state enterprises and assets;

privatization

one of the 10 Washington Consensus __ of ensuring security of property rights under law without excessive costs.

property rights

CONTEMPT M1-3 QUIZ/PRELIMS Flashcards

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