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Winland Brown Review Book > Content 5 > Flashcards

Content 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

Risk factors for development of acquired thrombophilias in pregnancy

A

Immobilization, underlying malignancy, trauma, high estrogen levels, nephrotic syndrome, heart failure, A Fib, post op states, post partum states

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2
Q

When should infants be screened for anemia

A

At 9 months

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3
Q

Sexual transmission of HIV with antiretroviral therapy

A

Negligent

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4
Q

TRAM procedure for breast CA

A

Transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous

Performed immediately after removal of breast

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5
Q

Cause of thalassemia

A

Decreased synthesis of hemoglobin and malformation of red blood cells that increases their destruction

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6
Q

Risk factors for breast cancer

A

Smoking, high fat diet, 2+ alcoholic drinks per day, obesity, high socioeconomic status, breast trauma

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7
Q

Genotoxic carcinogens

A

Chemotherapy drugs

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8
Q

What disease is considered conclusive evidence of AIDS

A

Karposi sarcoma <60 years old

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9
Q

First line of therapy for HIV patient with oral candidiasis

A

Clotrimazole trcohes 5 times daily or nystatin 3-5x a day

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10
Q

3 most common signs/symptoms of primary HIV

A

Fever, fatigue, pharyngitis

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11
Q

3 risk factors for pancreatic cancer

A

smoking, diabetes, high fat diet

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12
Q

Primary reason for newborn screening for sickle cell disease

A

To allow for the prevention of septicemia with prophylactic medication (penicillin) and prompt clinical intervention for infection and future crises

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13
Q

Earlistes sign of oral and pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

A

Mucosal erythroplasia–red inflammatory lesions

–Leukoplakia is pre-malignant

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14
Q

How to prevent sickle cell crisis in infant

A

Prevent dehydration

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15
Q

A low platelet count may indicate

A

Hypersplenism or possible bone marrow failure

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16
Q

Most common type of invasive breast carcinoma

A

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

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17
Q

Breast cancer type that involves infiltration of the nipple; has itching or burning at the nipple

A

Pagets disease

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18
Q

Cancers that can be cured with chemotherapy alone

A

Testicular, ovarian, Hodgkins

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19
Q

Prophylaxis of PCP in an adult with HIV

A

Bactrim x 10 days

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20
Q

One pack of platelets can raise the platelet count by

A

5,000-8,000

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21
Q

Clients with sickle cell anemia should be given

A

Folic acid 1mg PO daily

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22
Q

Insidious onset with weakness, fatigue, massive lymphadenoapthy, pruritic vesicular skin lesions, anemia, thrombocytopenia

A

ALL

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23
Q

Most abundant Ig found in blood

A

IgG

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24
Q

Relationships between DM and CAD

A

Hyperinsulinemia causes a large number of vascular smooth muscle cells to be formed and deposited on the walls of vessels, causing buildup and eventual blockage

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25
Why does polydipsia occur in diabetics
As a reslt of high serum glucose levels that have an osmotic effect on fluids, drawing fluids from the cells into the intravascular space and creating a dehydration
26
Rare adverse effect of metformin
Megaloblastic anemia due to impaired absorption of vitamin B12
27
What increases the sx of graves ophthamology
Smoking
28
Labs in cushings
High cortisol, high sodium, low potassium, low glucose, normal BUN
29
Common findings in elderly with hyperthyroid
A fib, depression, anorexia, weight loss
30
Possible causes of oligomenorrhea
Hypothyroidism, serum prolactinemia, pregnancy
31
Rapid acting insulin
LAG Lispro Aspart Glulisine
32
Signs in hypoparathyroidism
Positive Chvosket's sign, Postive trousseau's sign, tetany, tingling of lips and hands, muscular cramps, low serum calcium level
33
Most ulcers on the feet begin at the site of
Callus
34
What medications may produce gynecomastia
Cimetidine, digoxin, spirinolactone, phenothiazines, anti TB agents
35
Myxedema
Abnormal deposits of mucin in the skin and other rissues; a dry, waxy type of swelling to the skin; nonpitting edema of pretibial and facial areas Common in hypothyroidism
36
Which diabetic agent is CI in patients with medullary thyroud cancer
Liraglutide (victoza)
37
When are ACEI given to DM patients
When they have persistent albuminuria
38
Which anti diabetic drugs have an increased risk of pancreatitis
DPP-4 inhibitors: gliptins | GLP1: -tide (injectable)
39
Basal insulins
Glargine + Detemir
40
What labs values are needed before initiating anithyroid drugs
WBC + LFT
41
After a thyroidectomy, how often should you check TSH
Every year
42
Ferriman-Gallwey scale is used to define
Hirsutism
43
Tx of ophthalmology in graves
Oral and optic prednisone
44
Most common autoimmune disease in the US
Graves
45
Most common cause of chronic hypocalcemia
Hypoalbuminemia
46
Tx of alcohol abuse
Naltraxone | Opioid anatagonist
47
Tx enuperesis in children 6-12 years old
Imipramine | Desmopressin also used
48
Severe SE of clozapine
Severe neurtropenia
49
AIMS
Assesses for signs of tardive dyskinesia
50
Best drug to treat opioid overuse disorder
Buprenorphine (suboxone)
51
Kidney stone that is teardrop shaped and red-orange in color
Uric acid
52
Kidney stone that is large dumbbell in shape and light in color
Calcium
53
Kidney stone that is Flat or hexagonal in shape and radiopaque
Struvite stone
54
Kidney stone that is lemon yellow and sparkling
Cystine
55
Lithonephrotomy
Incision of the kidney to remove the calculi
56
Lithotomy
Incision of the bladder or ureter to remove the calculi
57
Which medications reduce the production of aquous humor for tx of glaucoma
Beta blockers, carbonic anyhydrase inhibitors, alpha agonists Other meds: cholinergic agents constrict the pupils to open the angle and allow humor to escape, prostaglandin analogs decrease the IOP by increased outflow drainage, immunomodulators increase tear production
58
Primary cutaneous T cell lymphoma
Well defined, erythematous, irregular, and scaly with slight pigmentation
59
Most common pathogen for PID
Chlamydia
60
moderate hypothermia
Temp between 82.4-89.6; hypotension, bradycardia, respiratory depression, junctional bradycardia
61
Pain in hip area and groin area with movement; externally rotated and shortened left leg
Proximal fracture of femur
62
Suture removal guidelines
``` Face: 4-6 days Trunk: 7-10 days Scalp: 6-10 days Arms/legs: 10-14 days Joints: 14 days ```
63
How many colds/year does average adult have
2-4
64
If diarrhea lasts >7 days, suspect
Parasitic infection
65
Nursing home medicare law
Patients must be provided care under supervision of a physician
66
Reportable diseases to the health department
TB , syphilis, hepatitis
67
Maximum number of teaching points you should aim to make in 1 teaching session
3-4
68
Health care delivery service with greatest freedom of choice
Fee for service plan
69
Best way to monitor compliance to medication
Ask the client
70
Centrifugal venous return radiating outward from the umbilicus is due to
Portal hypertension
71
Narrowing or blocked vessels in the eye, bulging vessels, hemorrhage
Diabetic retinopathy
72
Arteriole narrowing, AV nicking, hemorrhages, exudates, papilledema
hypertensive retinopathy
73
Most common sx of toxoplasmosis
Headache
74
Stasis dermatitis with edema and brown discoloration is seen with
Venous insufficiency
75
Predominant organism in bartholin gland cyst
Gonoccous
76
WHen should microalbumin be checked
Anually after patient has had diabetes for 5 years
77
Bullous myringitis
Middle ear infection with oozing blisters on TM
78
How much iron do menstruating women lose
2mg per day
79
Cancer that begins in cartilage around bones
Chondrosarcoma
80
How much iron is lost during pregnancy
500-1000mg
81
Peak onset for IBD
15-30 years | Same for men as women
82
Specificity vs sensitivity
Specificity: true negatives Sensitivity: true positives
83
Buergers disease
Recurring, progressive inflammation and thrombosis of small and medium arteries and veins of the hands and feet
84
Liver flap
Tremor of the hand associated with various ecephalopathies
85
Prostatodynia
Noninfective prostate disorder | Pelvic pain, irritative voiding, abnormal flow
86
Atrial gallop
S4 | Due to hypertrophic ventricle
87
What position gives the most accurate fundal height
Supine and legs straight

Winland Brown Review Book (5 decks)

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