continuation

Question 1

This reaction is important in determining the amino acids sequence of peptides

Answer 1

Sanger’s Reagent

Question 2

is produced from phenylalanine

Answer 2

Tyrosine

Question 3

Under normal circumstances, ____ completely digests dietary proteins into their constituent amino acids.

Answer 3

proteolytic enzymes, such as pepsin and trypsin

Question 4

are also released by the normal breakdown of body proteins.

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 5

Protein provides ___ total daily body energy requirement by means of deamination or transamination.

Answer 5

12-20%

Question 6

Ketogenic amino acid

Answer 6

Leucine
Lysine

Question 7

produced during deamination is converted into urea via the urea cylce in the liver

Answer 7

ammonium ion

Question 8

cell wall division, the healing of wounds, stimulation of protein synthesis, immune function, the release of hormones, and urea generation

Answer 8

Arginine

Question 9

basic amino acids involved in immune response, synthesis of nucleic acids, repair body tissues, manufacture b, protect the body from heavy metal toxicity and stimulates the secretion of the digestive enzyme gastrin.

Answer 9

Histidine

Question 10

branched-chain amino acids for healing, hemoglobin formation, and helps to regulate blood glucose levels.

Answer 10

isoleucine

Question 11

second most common amino acid found in protein besides glycine. For healing, it lowers blood glucose levels, for the optimal growth of infants, and for nitrogen balance in adults.

Answer 11

Leucine

Question 12

basic (by charge) amino acids. for the production of antibodies and lowers triglyceride levels, for proper growth and bone development in children and to maintain a proper nitrogen balance in adults, and for calcium absorption

Answer 12

Lysine

Question 13

initiate translation of messenger RNA, fat metabolism helps to detoxify heavy metals and synthesis of epinephrine and choline.

Answer 13

methionine

Question 14

nonpolar amino acid. promotes alertness and vitality, elevates mood, decreases pain, aids memory and learning, and is used to treat arthritis and depression, part of the composition of aspartame. biosynthesis of AA.

Answer 14

phenylalanine

Question 15

alcohol-containing AA that is an important component in the formation of protein and collagen, maintain proper protein balance in the body and it aids liver function, metabolism, and assimilation.

Answer 15

threonine

Question 16

precursor for serotonin and melatonin, a neurohormone and powerful antioxidant, a natural relaxant, alleviates insomnia, soothes anxiety, and reduces depression, treatment of migraine headaches, aids in weight control by reducing appetite, and helps control hyperactivity in children

Answer 16

tryptophan

Question 17

for muscle metabolism and coordination, tissue repair, and maintenance of nitrogen balance treatments for muscle, mental, and emotional problems; insomnia; anxiety, and liver and gallbladder disease

Answer 17

valine

Question 18

For CHO metabolism, reduce build-up of toxic substances and
strengthens the immune system through production of antibodies.

Answer 18

alanine

Question 19

involved in the transport of nitrogen, role in the synthesis of
ammonia

Answer 19

Asparagine

Question 20

participates in gluconeogenesis and in urea cycle

Answer 20

aspartic acid

Question 21

important structural and functional component of proteins and enzymes

Answer 21

cysteine

Question 22

polar AA, umami, sense of taste, linked to epileptic seizure, important in the metabolism of sugars and fats, and aids transporting potassium into the spinal fluid, food additive and flavor enhancer in the form of sodium salt, monosodium glutamate (MSG)

Answer 22

glutamic acid

Question 23

most abundant AA in the body, involved in more metabolic processes than any other amino acid. 61% of skeletal muscle tissue is glutamine. converted to glucose when more glucose is required for energy and aids in immune function. Assists in maintaining acid- base balance. Involved in urea cycle.

Answer 23

glutamine

Question 24

simplest amino acid synthesized in the body w/ no stereoisomers.

Answer 24

glycine

Question 25

helps in healing of cartilage and the strengthening of joints, tendons, and heart muscle, works with vitamin C to promote healthy connective tissues.

Answer 25

proline

Question 26

alcohol based AA . for the proper metabolism of fats and fatty acids and synthesis of pyrimidines, purines, creatine, and porphyrins.

Answer 26

serine

Question 27

Synthesized from Phe. aids in the functions of the adrenal, thyroid,

Answer 27

tyrosine

Question 28

recognized as the 21st amino acid but, unlike other amino acids present in proteins, it is not coded for directly in the genetic code.

Answer 28

Selenocysteine (Sec)

Question 29

coded by a UGA codon, which is normally a stop codon and has a specialized transfer RNA (tRNA).

Answer 29

Selenocysteine (Sec)

Question 30

has been discovered that HIV-1 encodes a functional selenoprotein, and patients with HIV infection have been shown to have a lower- than-average blood plasma selenium level and present in several enzymes, formate dehydrogenases, glycine reductases, and some hydrogenases.

Answer 30

Selenocysteine (Sec)

Question 31

the 22nd naturally occurring genetically encoded amino acid used by some archaea (prokaryotic and single-celled microorganisms) in enzymes that are part of their methane-producing metabolism.

Answer 31

Pyrrolysine (Pyl)

Question 32

derivative is encoded by the UAG codon, normally a stop codon

Answer 32

lysine