Continuing Test 2

Question 1

Simple columnar

Answer 1

Single layer of tall, closely packed cells
Function: secretion of mucus for protection and absorption of substances
Found in the lining of the digestive tract

Question 2

Stratified squamous

Answer 2

Thick layers provide protection for the underlying layers
-found in the epidermal layer of the skin

Question 3

Stratified cubodial

Answer 3

Often 2 layers of cuboidal cells
-rare in the body
-found in salivary and mammary glands

Question 4

Stratified columnar

Answer 4

Columnar cells on the free surface
-rare in the body
-found in the larynx and the male urethra

Question 5

Pseudo-stratified

Answer 5

Cell nuclei are found at different levels, so it appears stratified, though it is not
-function: secretion and absorption
-found in most of the upper respiratory tract

Question 6

Transitional

Answer 6

Free surface cells vary in appearance, based on the stretching of the tissue
“Transition”=change shape with elasticity
Found in the lining of the bladder urinary bladder

Question 7

Exocrine gland?

Answer 7

Secrete substances outward through a duct

Question 8

Endocrine gland?

Answer 8

Ductless glands that secrete hormones through the bloodstream

Question 9

Merocrine (exocrine gland)

Answer 9

Cells excrete the products (substances) via exocytosis
Mero= part
Ex: sweat glands

Question 10

Apocrine (exocrine glands)?

Answer 10

A portion of the cell pinches off with the secreted products
Apo=tip
Ex: mammary glands

Question 11

Holocrine (exocrine gland)?

Answer 11

Cells rupture and spill products into the duct.
Hol=whole
Ex: sebaceous glands in skin

Question 12

Endocrine glands?

Answer 12

Secret hormones in the blood
-cells are packed tightly together with capillaries running through the tissue
Ex: thyroid, pancreas

Question 13

Connective tissue is formed from…?

Answer 13

Mesenchyme

Question 14

Chondrocyte example?

Answer 14

Cartilage

Question 15

Osteocyte example?

Answer 15

Bone tissue

Question 16

Fibrocytes example?

Answer 16

Connective tissues paper

Question 17

Blood cells example?

Answer 17

Blood

Question 18

Areolar loose connective tissue?

Answer 18

Mostly open space
-holds water and salts for surrounding tissues
-found under epithelium and around organs

Question 19

Adipose loose connective tissue?

Answer 19

Comprised of fat cells (adipocytes)
-have large vacuoles that contain fat/oil
-insulates and warms the body
-provides nutrients to other cells

Question 20

Reticular loose connective tissue?

Answer 20

Contains reticular fibers, which create a stiff framework that support other cells

Question 21

Regular dense connective tissue?

Answer 21

Collagen fibers are arranged in one direction
-provides tensile strength like a rope
-found in tendons and ligaments

Question 22

Irregular dense connective tissue?

Answer 22

Collagen fibers are arranged in many directions
-provides strength in multiple directions
-found in capsules around organs

Question 23

Elastic dense connective tissues?

Answer 23

Provides flexible cushioning
-found between vertebrae and in arteries

Question 24

Hyaline cartilage?

Answer 24

Glassy looking
-firm ground substance with lacuna (spaces for cells)
-few collagen fibers
-found in larynx, bridge of nose, and ribs

Question 25

Fibro cartilage?

Answer 25

Contains lots of collagen, mostly running parallel. -found in intervertebral spaces

Question 26

Elastic cartilage?

Answer 26

Highly flexible -more elastic fibers -found in outer ear and tip of nose

Question 27

Osseous tissue (bone)?

Answer 27

Osteocytes secrete ground substances, fibers, collagen, and fluids. 2 types: spongy and compact

Question 28

Ground substance?

Answer 28

Plasma (fluid)

Question 29

“Fibers”=

Answer 29

platelets which clot the blood

Question 30

Mast cells (blood)?

Answer 30

Detect foreign substances -contain granules that secrete inflammatory chemicals

Question 31

Macrophages (blood)?

Answer 31

Blob like cells that engulf invading substances or organisms

Question 32

Blood cells (blood)?

Answer 32

Red blood cells-erythrocytes (carry oxygen) -white blood cells- leukocytes (provide immune response)

Question 33

Smooth muscle tissue?

Answer 33

Contracts involuntarily -non-striated -found in walls of stomach, uterus, intestines, bladder, arteries, veins and eyes

Question 34

Cardiac muscle tissue?

Answer 34

Contracts involuntarily -striated -found in the heart muscle -activated by brain or hormones

Question 35

Skeletal muscle tissue?

Answer 35

Contrasts voluntarily -striated -controlled by somatic nervous system -connected to bones of the Skeleton

Question 36

Nervous tissue?

Answer 36

-make up 10% of all nerve cells -convert stimuli into nerve impulses -pass impulses to other neurons, muscle fibers, or glands -unable to regenerate

Question 37

Neuroglia tissue?

Answer 37

Make up 90% of all nerve cells -support and protect Neurons -do not generate nerve impulses -able to regenerate after injury