Control of blood concentrations

Question 1

Name of the tube carrying the blood into the glomerulus

Answer 1

afferent arteriole

Question 2

Name of the tube carrying the blood out of the glomerulus

Answer 2

efferent arteriole

Question 3

Glycogenesis

Answer 3

formation of glycogen from glucose

Question 4

Glycogenolysis

Answer 4

breaking stored glycogen into glucose to be released into the blood

Question 5

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 5

synthesis of glucose from molecules such as amino acids

Question 6

Process when blood glucose is too high

Answer 6

-rise in concentration detected by beta cells from the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas
-insulinis secreted by beta cells, inhibiting the action of alpha cells
-insulin travels to hepatocytes
-insulin binds to their plasma membrane, causing vesicles containing glucose transport proteins to fuse with cell membrane
-this increases the rate of glucose into the cell as it becomes more permeable
-the glucose is then used in respiration (as glycogen or fats)

Question 7

Process when glucose if too low

Answer 7

-alpha cells in islets of Langerhans detect a fall in glucose so secrete glucagon
-glucagon inhibits beta cell action
-hepatocytes stimulated to convert glycogen to glucose
-glucose diffuses into the blood
-cells use fatty or amino acids instead of glucose for respiration