Respiration

Question 1

Describe glycolysis (4)

Answer 1

phosphorylation of glucose using ATP
oxidation of triose phosphate to pyruvate
net gain of ATP
NAD reduced

Question 2

Malonate inhibits a reaction in the Kreb’s cycle
Explain why this would decrease the uptake of oxygen

Answer 2

less NAD
oxygen is the final electron accepter

Question 3

Explain why converting pyruvate to lactate allows the continues production of ATP by anaerobic respiration

Answer 3

regenerates the NAD
so glycolysis continues

Question 4

Describe an advantage of the Bohr effect during intense exercise

Answer 4

increases dissociation of oxygen
for aerobic respiration

Question 5

Link reaction (4)

Answer 5

-a carbon atom is removed from pyruvate, forming carbon dioxide
-pyruvate is converted into acetate, losing a hydrogen
-NAD gains the hydrogen, causing it to become reduced NAD
-coenzyme A is added to acetate to form acetylcoenzyme A

Question 6

Kreb’s cycle

Answer 6

-Acetylcoenzyme A is converted to a 6 carbon molecule, releasing coenzyme A
-the 6 carbon molecule is then decarboxylated, releasing two CO2 molecules
-this also causes an NAD molecule to be reduced to NADH2
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