correct answers 2

Question 1

(t/f) the Neanderthals’ disappearance after 30,000 BP likely was a result of their extinction

Answer 1

false

Question 2

the group of archaic mammals that lived during the Paleocene epoch and are likely very closely related to the earliest primates are

Answer 2

plesiadapiforms

Question 3

(t/f) the use of tools by hominins at around 2.5 mya allowed for better exploitation of a larger range of food

Answer 3

true

Question 4

the first logical step in a sequence of events that leads to the discovery and analysis of primate fossils is the

Answer 4

selection and surveying of potential sites

Question 5

the Laetoli site, in Tanzania, is most famous for

Answer 5

fossilized hominin foot prints

Question 6

what do Neanderthals’ cold-adapted traits include

Answer 6

a wide nasal aperture

Question 7

according to the text, the first hominin to migrate out of Africa was

Answer 7

Homo erectus

Question 8

(t/f) it is now a desert, but 30 mya the Fayum region of Egypt was a wet tropical forest

Answer 8

true

Question 9

(t/f) Homo erectus had longer legs than those of earlier hominins

Answer 9

true

Question 10

the significance of the child’s skeleton from Lagar Velho, Portugal, is that it

Answer 10

shows Neanderthal and modern human features

Question 11

which modern human population exhibits the greatest genetic diversity today

Answer 11

sub-Saharan Africa

Question 12

based on the existing fossil record and the genetics of living primates, the most likely place of origin for new world monkeys is

Answer 12

Africa

Question 13

(t/f) the punctured equilibrium theory of evolutionary changes suggests that changes accumulate gradually and predicts that many transitional fossil forms will be found

Answer 13

false

Question 14

each of the follow traits is found in bipedal hominin EXCEPT

Answer 14

a foramen magnum far back on the skull

Question 15

(t/f) bipedal locomotion preceded the appearance of large brains during the course of hominin evolution

Answer 15

true

Question 16

what traits do modern humans have

Answer 16

a high vertical forehead, a round and tall skull, and small browridges

Question 17

what is the study of what happens to an organism’s remains after death

Answer 17

taphonomy

Question 18

which of the following hominins had a brain significantly larger than a chimpanzee’s

Answer 18

Homo erectus

Question 19

if fossil species A is consistently recovered from geological deposits beneath layers containing fossil species B, that A is considered older than B. This relative dating technique is based on the principle of

Answer 19

superposition

Question 20

(t/f) Homo habilis likely spent appreciable time in the trees

Answer 20

false

Question 21

Eugène Dubois found fossils of this species in Southeast Asia (Java)

Answer 21

Homo erectus

Question 22

which of the following statements is FALSE

Answer 22

Neanderthals brains were notably smaller than those of modern humans

Question 23

sub-Saharan Africans show the largest genetic diversity of any human population. what is a likely cause of this?

Answer 23

the accumulations of genetic mutations over time

Question 24

recent paleoenvironmental reconstructions suggest that the earliest members of the hominin lineage evolved in

Answer 24

woodlands along both rivers and lakes

Question 25

which of the following shows the first evidence of modern human traits, including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture

Answer 25

Homo habilis

Question 26

The fossil nicknamed "Lucy" is a member of which species

Answer 26

Australopithecus afarensis

Question 27

fossil primates have NOT been recovered from which continent

Answer 27

Australia

Question 28

(t/f) genetic evidence supports that Denisova fossils interbred with Homo erectus

Answer 28

false

Question 29

Homo rudolfensis is most similar in overall morphology to

Answer 29

Homo habilis

Question 30

(t/f) the oldest recognizable artifacts are simple stone tools dating back to about 2.5 mya and are referred to Oldowan tools

Answer 30

true

Question 31

which of the following is NOT considered a robust australiopithecine

Answer 31

Australopithecus anamensis

Question 32

(t/f) in African during the Plio-Pleistocene, there was an adaptive radiation of small-bodied, bipedal hominins

Answer 32

true

Question 33

Evidence of tool use by Homo habilis includes

Answer 33

all of these

Question 34

fossil remains of archaic Homo sapiens

Answer 34

show a mixture of Homo erectus and H. sapiens traits

Question 35

what do the stone tool marks on the Bodo cranium indicate

Answer 35

the removal of flesh from the skull by tool-using hominins, either as a ritual or as some form of cannibalism

Question 36

during the Miocene epoch of the Cenozoic era, there was an adaptive radiation of which kind of primate

Answer 36

apes

Question 37

modern human traits including increasing brain size and dependence on material culture first show up in

Answer 37

Homo habilis

Question 38

Which model of modern human origins would predict the likely discovery of modern/archaic hybrid fossila

Answer 38

Assimilation because following migration out of Africa, moderns interbreed somewhat with local archaics

Question 39

australopithecines and Homo habilis were similar to each other in what way

Answer 39

overall body plan and body size

Question 40

according to the out-of-Africa model, the transition from archaic to modern Homo sapiens

Answer 40

occurred only once, in Africa

Question 41

relative to australopithecines, Homo habilis is characterized by

Answer 41

all of these (a bigger brain, a rounder and larger skull, and a smaller face}

Question 42

biostratigraphic dating relies on

Answer 42

the first and last appearances of species in the fossil record

Question 43

a fossil primate with legs and arms of equal length would most likely have gotten around using which form of locomotion

Answer 43

quadrupedalism

Question 44

(t/f) archaic Homo sapiens display several primitive features found in geologically older hominins

Answer 44

true

Question 45

fossil evidence for the earliest members of the genus Homo have been found from

Answer 45

2.5-1.8 mya

Question 46

the earliest australopithecines first show up in the fossil record around

Answer 46

4 mya

Question 47

(t/f) given the combination of ape-like and hominin-like anatomies, Sahelanthropus tchandensis it could very well show us what the last common ancestor of humans and African apes looked like

Answer 47

true

Question 48

in examining the bones of AL-288 ("Lucy"), which trait would you NOT expect to find

Answer 48

long legs

Question 49

one of the only fossil sites in the world that preserves a great deal of evidence for anthropoid evolution during the Oligocene epochs is

Answer 49

Fayum, Egypt

Question 50

Some australopithecines are referred to as "robust" because

Answer 50

they possessed very large molar teeth and chewing muscles

Question 51

(t/f) all the early hominins from Africa older than 2.5 mya possessed small brains, the size of apes

Answer 51

true

Question 52

(t/f) fossil remains of the pre-australopithecines are found throughout most of the old world, from African to east Asia

Answer 52

false

Question 53

Australopithecus robustus's large masticatory complex (large molars, face, and muscles) indicate and adaptation to

Answer 53

eating foods requiring heavy chewing

Question 54

if you traveled back in time to Africa about 27 mya and came across a group of early ape Proconsul feeding in a tree, what wold you NOT expect to see them doing

Answer 54

hanging by their tail

Question 55

the molecular clock has been useful to determine the phylogenetic relationships of species based on what assumption

Answer 55

a species lineage accumulates genetic differences over time at a constant rate

Question 56

Owen Lovejoy's model for the origin of bipedalism focuses on

Answer 56

males provisioning females and young

Question 57

classic Homo erectus cranial features include all of the following EXCEPT

Answer 57

rounded skull

Question 58

specimens of _____ have been discovered at the following sites: Broken Hill, Petralona, Steinheim, Argo, and Atapuerce

Answer 58

archaic Homo sapiens