corticosteroids 2 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Hydrocortisone?
GC receptor agonist → anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive; minor MC action
Used to replace cortisol in Addison’s disease and has anti-inflammatory properties for conditions like eczema and asthma.
What are the indications for Hydrocortisone?
Addison’s disease (with fludrocortisone), Acute asthma, Eczema, Organ transplant prophylaxis
It is used to manage these conditions due to its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
What are the adverse effects (A/E) of Hydrocortisone?
Osteoporosis, immunosuppression, adrenal suppression, hyperglycaemia
These effects are due to the pharmacological actions of glucocorticosteroids.
What is unique about Prednisone?
It is a prodrug that needs to be converted to prednisolone in the liver
This conversion is essential for its therapeutic effects.
List the indications for Prednisone.
Asthma (oral), IBD, RA, SLE, Organ transplant prophylaxis
Prednisone is used for a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory conditions.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Methylprednisolone?
Potent synthetic GC
It is often used for severe flares of conditions like asthma and RA.
What are the adverse effects (A/E) of Methylprednisolone?
Myopathy, immunosuppression, adrenal suppression
These effects are common among glucocorticosteroids.
What is the primary use of Dexamethasone?
Lung maturation (antenatal), Cushing’s diagnosis, RA, SLE, Oncology
Dexamethasone is particularly noted for its long-acting effects.
What are the adverse effects (A/E) associated with Dexamethasone?
Long-term: adrenal suppression, osteoporosis
These effects highlight the risks of prolonged glucocorticoid therapy.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Betamethasone?
Long-acting GC; suppresses ACTH
It is used for lung maturation and has anti-inflammatory properties.
What are the indications for Fluticasone?
Chronic asthma (inhaled), Allergic rhinitis (intranasal), Eczema (topical)
Fluticasone is used for its local anti-inflammatory action.
What adverse effects (A/E) can occur with Budesonide?
Same as fluticasone
Both medications share similar side effects due to their glucocorticoid properties.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of Fludrocortisone?
Synthetic MC; ↑ Na⁺ reabsorption & water retention; ↑ K⁺/H⁺ excretion
It is primarily used in conditions like Addison’s disease.
What are the indications for Spironolactone?
Hyperaldosteronism
Spironolactone is utilized for its potassium-sparing diuretic effects.
What is the primary adverse effect (A/E) of Spironolactone?
Hyperkalaemia, gynaecomastia, menstrual disturbances
These side effects are related to its action as an aldosterone antagonist.
