COVID-19

Question 1

coronavirus

Answer 1

a large family of viruses, some cause illness in humans, and other cuase illness in animals, such as bats, camels, and civets

Question 2

what is the most likely ecological reservoir for coronavirus

Answer 2

bats

Question 3

where do the coronavirueses belong

Answer 3

coronavirdae family

Question 4

what does the corona in coronavirus represent

Answer 4

crown-like spikes on the surface of virus

Question 5

eneveloped viruses

Answer 5

small in size(65-125nm in diameter) and contain a single stranded RNA as nucleic material, size ranging from 26 to 32 kbs in lenght

Question 6

how many human coronavirses are there

Answer 6

7

Question 7

what make up the 7 human coronaviruses

Answer 7

4 normal and 3 “novel”

Question 8

what do the spikes on the virus allow

Answer 8

attachment to the human cell receptors

Question 9

what does the coronavirus genome encode for?

Answer 9

4 or 5 structural protiens

Question 10

what are the 5 different structural proteins

Answer 10

S, M, N, E, HE

Question 11

what are the novel coronaviruses predominately

Answer 11

lower respiratory tract

Question 12

what are examples of novel coronaviruses

Answer 12

SARS, MERS, SARS-CoV-2

Question 13

what does a novel coronaviris attach

Answer 13

ACE-2-receptors

Question 14

how much stronger does SARS-CoV-2 bind to the ace 2 receptors compared to SARS?

Answer 14

10-20 times

Question 15

ADE

Answer 15

antibody dependent enchancement

Question 16

what is the agent of covid-19?

Answer 16

SARS-CoV2

Question 17

what is the reservoir of covide-19

Answer 17

unknown

Question 18

what is the portal of exit for covid-19?

Answer 18

unkown

Question 19

what is the mode of transmission for covid-19

Answer 19

airborne and aerosols

Question 20

what is the portal of entry for covid-19

Answer 20

ears nose throat

Question 21

when are humans at higher risk fro covid-19

Answer 21

right after puberty

Question 22

what is the first thing in a new infection you see

Answer 22

sick people

Question 23

where did covid-19 start

Answer 23

wuhan, china

Question 24

virus hunters

Answer 24

collect data and testing samples

Question 25

why are people more susceptible to covid-19 after puberty

Answer 25

puberty up regulates ACE 2 Receptors

Question 26

how long does SARS-Cov2 last in the air

Answer 26

up to 4 hours

Question 27

how long does SARS-cov2 last on cardboard

Answer 27

24 hours

Question 28

how long does SARS-CoV2 last on platic stainless steel

Answer 28

2-3 days

Question 29

symptoms of covid-19

Answer 29

fever of 100 degrees, shortness of breath, dry cough, chills, muscle pains

Question 30

week 1 of covid-19

Answer 30

fever, fatigue/malaise, dry cough, dyspnea

Question 31

week 2 of covid-19

Answer 31

15-20% develop severe dyspena due to viral pneumonia

Question 32

week 2-3 of covid-19

Answer 32

1/3 of hospitalize patients need ICU care, 1/2 needing itubated

Question 33

what were some risk conditions for covid-19

Answer 33

age, diabetes, coronary heart disease

Question 34

clinical criteria

Answer 34

fever or history of fever, acute respiratory infection, loss of smell or taste

Question 35

probable case

Answer 35

had testing done

Question 36

suspect case

Answer 36

educated guess, no testing

Question 37

what covid vaccines are mRNA vaccines

Answer 37

Pfizer and Moderna

Question 38

which covid vaccines are viral vector vaccines

Answer 38

Johnson and Johnson oxford/astrazeneca Cansino biologicas

Question 39

how long is the mRNA from an mRNA vaccine stable in the body

Answer 39

4-6 hours

Question 40

what is encoded in the mRNA from an mRNA vaccine

Answer 40

lipids and spike protein

Question 41

what do the adenovirus vector vaccines do

Answer 41

insert a modified version of the virus into us

Question 42

why is the Johnson & johnson vaccine less effective?

Answer 42

body may kill it before it reaches the cells

Question 43

case fatality rate

Answer 43

ratio of death from certain disease to the total number of people diagnosed with this disease for a certain period

Question 44

mortality rate

Answer 44

number of deaths in general or due to specific cause in particular population per unit of time

Question 45

epidemic threshold

Answer 45

level of incidence above which an urgent response is needed

Question 46

when did the CDC first start in the US

Answer 46

1950s

Question 47

pyrazinamide

Answer 47

bacteria enzyme converts it to pyrizine acid

Question 48

what does isoniazid inhibit the formation of

Answer 48

mycolic acid

Question 49

isonicotinic acid hydrazine or INH

Answer 49

isoniazid

Question 50

S

Answer 50

spikes on the outside, mediates receptor binding

Question 51

M

Answer 51

membrane protein, assists viral assembly

Question 52

N

Answer 52

nucleocapsid protein; regulation of viral RNA synthesis, may interact with M protein during virus budding

Question 53

E

Answer 53

small envelope protein; function necessary but not fully understood

Question 54

HE

Answer 54

hemagglutnin-esterase glycoprotein in beta coronavirus OC43 and HKU1 only enhances uptake into mucosal

Question 55

Myths

Answer 55

1. donald trump named it 2.only asian men get coronavirus 3.covid 19 - was predicted in 1981 4. respiratory viral panel tests for this 5.coronavirus comes from beer