CPG 10 Flashcards
(24 cards)
Word equation for fermentation
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Two industrial products of fermentation and their industrial uses
- Ethanol for alcohol
- Carbon dioxide for bread making
Why are homeostatic control systems important in the body ?
To prevent damage to cells and organs from extreme changes
What is homeostasis?
The regulation of internal conditions of the body to maintain a stable environment.
Which component of the homeostatic control system senses changes in the body. What FOUR locations are they found in.
receptors - brain, skin, organs, spinal cord
Stages of negative feedback mechanism when blood pressure is too high?
Receptors send signals to brain
Brain sends signal to effectors (heart and blood vessels)
Heart rate slows, blood vessels dilate, returning blood pressure to normal
What is the function of the nervous system in humans
To allow humans to react to their surroundings and coordinate their behaviour
Two types of neurones outside the CNS
Sensory & motor
What is the junction between neurones called?
Synapse
What kind of actions is the spinal cord in charge of
Reflexes (moving hand away from a hot object).
How is a nerve signal transmitted across the synapse
Chemical diffusion
Region of the brain that controls unconscious activities
Brain stem
Type of cell that makes up most of brain’s material
nerve cell / neuron
Why is it difficult to investigate and treat brain disorders
Brain is very complex and very delicate
What part of the brain is damaged if someone struggles with words
Frontal lobe
Which region of the brain controls heart beat
Brain stem
Which organ of the body is where the thermoregulatory centre is located
the brain/ hypothalamus
Receptors in thermoregulatory centre measure what?
temperature of the blood flowing through the brain.
Explain process by which the thermoregulatory centre responds if temperature becomes too high?
Skin receptors send nerve impulses to hypothalamus. This triggers appropriate response - sweating - to regulate body temperature.
Response to too low temps
Vasoconstriction
Shivering
Hairs stand up
Where do glands secrete hormones into
The blood
FOUR ways endocrine system differs to nervous
- endocrine slower (seconds to hours to longer)
- Longer lasting
- Through bloodstream rather than via neurons
- Hormones used rather than electrical impulse.
What does the pituitary gland regulate/ ‘master gland’
The pituitary gland releases hormones that regulate other endocrine glands and control important body processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
