Cramming 1

Question 1

What kind of an antibiotic is gentamicin?

Answer 1

Aminoglycoside

Question 2

What type of Abx are nafcillin, methicillin, and dicloxacillin? What is their primary use?

Answer 2

penicillinase-resistant penicillins; Staph (except MRSA)

Question 3

What Abx would you use to tx H. flu, E. coli, Listeria, Proteus, Salmonella, Shigella, or enterococci?

Answer 3

wide-spectrum penicillins: Amoxicillin or ampicillin

Question 4

What Abx Take Care of Pseudomonas and gram (-) rods?

Answer 4

Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin, and Piperacillin

Question 5

What antibiotic can be used against Gram (-) rods in individuals w/ penicillin allergy or those w/o the renal capacity to handle aminoglycosides?

Answer 5

aztreonam

Question 6

What antibiotic would you use for prophylaxis against meningococcus?

Answer 6

Ciprofloxacin, rifampin, or minocycline

Question 7

What antibiotic would you use for prophylaxis against gonorrhea?

Answer 7

ceftriaxone

Question 8

What antibiotic would you use for prophylaxis against syphilis?

Answer 8

benzathine penicillin G

Question 9

What antibiotic would you use for prophylaxis in a pt w/ a history of recurrent UTIs?

Answer 9

TMP-SMX

Question 10

What antibiotic would you use for prophylaxis against endocarditis from surgical or dental procedures?

Answer 10

penicillins

Question 11

What is the causative agent of oral hairy leukoplakia in AIDS pts?

Answer 11

EBV

Question 12

The O Ag of Salmonella, botulinum exotoxin, erythrogenic exotoxins of GAS, and diphtheria toxin are all acquired by what mechanism?

Answer 12

Lysogeny (bacteriophage)

Question 13

About how effective is the meningococcus vaccine in preventing meningococcal meningitis (percentage)? Why?

Answer 13

~50% b/c half of all meningococcal meningitis in the U.S. is caused by serotype B, which is not included in the vaccine b/c its sialic acid capsule is non-immunogenic.

Question 14

What is the mo0st common causative agent of malaria?

Answer 14

P. vivax

Question 15

What is the most common complication of P. vivax infection?

Answer 15

splenic rupture

Question 16

How long is the period between fever spikes in malaria caused by P. vivax, P. ovale, or P. falciparum?

Answer 16

48 hrs

Question 17

How long is the interval between fever spikes in P. malariae infection?

Answer 17

72 hrs

Question 18

What intraerythrocytic parasite causes fever, shaking chills, and hemolytic anemia in the northeastern U.S.?

Answer 18

Babesia

Question 19

“Owl’s eye inclusion” seen on histology from infection of immunosuppressed pt.

Answer 19

CMV

Question 20

How do poxviruses, such as molluscum contagiosum, differ from other DNA viruses?

Answer 20

They replicate in the cytoplasm, and therefore must carry their own RNA polymerase.

Question 21

Fungal infection that causes spherules containing endospores in the lung.

Answer 21

Coccidoidomycosis