Cranial Nerves Flashcards
(33 cards)
what are the 12 cranial nerves, both roman numeral and name
CN I olfactory CN II optic CN III oculomotor CN IV Trochlear CN V Trigeminal CN VI abducens CN VII Facial CN VIII Vestibulocochlear CN IX Glossopharyngeal CN X Vagus CN XI accessory CN XII Hypoglossal
CN I olfactory, info on sensory, and fiber tract, foramen
- special sensory, part of telenchephalon, not a true cranial nerve
- fibers run from olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity thru the cribriform plate and innervate olf bulb
- cribriform foramina
CN II optic nerve, info on sensory, and fiber tract, foramen
special sensory for sight
part of diencephalon, thus not a true cranial nerve
some fibers cross at optic chiasm, then fibers run in the optic tract
leaves orbit via optic canal
what are the three cranial nerves that innervate the muscles that innervate eye movement and which muscles do each innervate?
CN III oculomotor inf, sup, med rectus, inf. oblique
CN IV trochlear superior oblique
CN VI abducens lateral rectus
CN III oculomotor somatic motor control
visceral motor control
somatic: sup, inf, med rectus and inf. oblique, along with levator palpebrae superioris (elevates eye lid)
visceral: pupillary constrictors-pupillary sphincter and ciliary muscle
where does the CN III oculomotor nerve enter the orbit?
through the superior orbital fissure
CN IV trochlear somatic motor control, entrance to orbit and what is unique about the emergence from the brainstem?
- superior oblique and that is it
- enters via the superior orbital fissure
- emerges dorsally and then goes ventral to sup. orbital fissure
CN IV abducens somatic motor and entrance to orbit
- somatic is lateral rectus and abducts the eye hence the name of the nerve
- entes via superior orbital fissure
CN V the trigeminal, three branches are? where does the main nerve emerge
it emerges in the middle of the pons
V1-opthalmic
V2-maxillary
V3-mandibular
what muscles are innervated by the CN V and where is the sensation regions
muscles of mastication oral floor muslces tensor tympani (middle ear) tensor veli palatini (pharyngeal) sensation: face, forehead, tongue(ant. 2/3), and nasal mucosa
name the muscles of mastication that are innervated by CN V trigeminal
temporalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
lateral pterygoid
CN V Trigeminal V1 ophthalmic three branches and where it (V1) exits the skull?
frontal nerve
nasociliary nerve
Lacrimal nerve(sensory only)
enters via the superior orbital fissure
CN V trigeminal nerve V2 maxillary exit of the skull foramen and the three branches?
foramen rotundum
Posterior, Middle, Anterior Superior alveolar Nerves
Infraorbital nerve
Zygomatic nerve
CN V Trigeminal nerve V3 Mandibular exits skull where? and the branches of this nerve, there are 8.
exits via the foramen ovale Auriculotemporal buccal masseteric deep temporal branch pterygoid branches masseteric branches inferior alveolar nerve lingual nerve
Lingual nerve of V3 runs medial or lateral to the mandible? and what is its sensory?
medial
general sensory of the anterior 2/3 of tongue and the floor of the mouth
what is the chorda tympani and what does it innervate and what special sense does it have?
- it is a branch of VII facial nerve that runs with the lingual nerve of V3.
- innervates submandibular, sublingual, and other small ones
- special sense is taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue
the inferior alveolar nerve of V3 enters the mandible where and exits where?
what muscles does it innervate
what is its sensory funtions
enters via the mandibular foramen and exits via mental foramen
- innervates the mylohyoid and anterior belly of digstric
- sensory for pulp of mand. teeth and sensory for skin and lip (mental nerve).
CN VII Facial nerve, what are the five branches and what general muscle do they innervate?
temporal zygomatic buccal cervical posterior auricular -generally the muscles for facial expression are innervated by the facial nerve
what is the greater petrosal nerve?
a minor branch of VII that innervates the lacrimal and nasal glands
parasympathetic
what is the nerve to stapedius?
a minor branchof VII that innervates the stapedius muscle of the ear
muscles that are innervated by the VII facial nerve?
stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric
interesting fact about the facial nerve and glands of the face?
it(main branch) runs through the parotid gland, but does not innervate it.
It innervates all other glands of the face though
where does the facial nerve enter the skull and where does it exit the skull?
enters via the internal acoustic meatus and exits via the stylomastoid foramen
CN VIII Vestibulochochlear sensory function and exit of skull?
vestibular(body orientation) and cochlear for hearing
sensory only
-internal acoustic meatus
