Cranial nerves Flashcards
(83 cards)
1
Q
all the nuclei are located in the brainstem except CN
A
I, II, XI
2
Q
CN I, II, VIII are devoted to
A
special sensory input
3
Q
purely motor
A
III, IV, VI, XI, XII
4
Q
purely sensory
A
I, II, VIII
5
Q
mixed
A
V, VII, IX, X
6
Q
CN III, IX, and X carry
A
sympathetic fibers
7
Q
CN located in diencephalon
A
I, II
8
Q
CN located in midbrain
A
III and IV
9
Q
CN located in pons
A
V, VI VII VIII
10
Q
CN located in medulla
A
IX, X, XI, XII
11
Q
innervates striated muscles that are somite derivatives
A
somatic efferent (GSE) CN III IV VI
12
Q
innervate branchial arches derivatives
A
SVE/ branchial efferent V, VII, IX, X, XI
13
Q
preganglionic parasympathetic components of cranial
division
A
GVE
14
Q
convey sensation from the alimentary tract, heart, vessels
and lungs by way of nerves IX and X.
A
GVA IX, X
15
Q
convey sensation from the skin and the mucous membranes
of the head (mainly CN V)
A
GSA
16
Q
found in CN I (smell), CN II (vision) and CN VIII (hearing and
equilibrium)
A
SSA
17
Q
most primitive of all CN
A
CN I
18
Q
CN I does not pass thru
A
thalamus
19
Q
2 parts of CN I
A
olfactory bulb
olfactory stalk
20
Q
olfactory stalk carries
A
afferent axons
21
Q
olfactory bulb lies above the
A
cribriform plate
22
Q
CN I terminates in
A
primary olfactory cortex and entorhinal cortex
23
Q
CNI pathway
A
receptor cells - olfactory nerves - O bulb, O stalk, anterior olfactory nucleus
24
Q
olfactory cells are surrounded by _______ with bowman’s glands that secrete _____
A
sustentacular cells; mucus
25
_____ are the ones that respond to olfactory chemical stimuli
olfactory cilia
26
2 type of interneurons of olfacotry bulb
periglomerular cells
| granule cells
27
receives signals from olfactory sensory neurons an
| centrifugal fibers
periglomerular cells
28
most numerous interneurons
granule cells
29
most characteristic feature of the
| olfactory bulb in all vertebrates where these elements interact
olfactory glomeruli
30
(SYNAPTIC TRIAD):
a. olfactory axon (input fiber)
b. mitral and tufted cells (principal neurons)
c. periglomerular cell (intrinsic neuron)
31
the olfactory tract/ stalk consists of central axons of the ________ of the
bulb and some centrifugal fibers from the opposite olfactory
bulb
mitral and tufted cells
32
regulate information flow between nearly every region where
| odor information processing occurs.
Anterior Olfactory Nucleus
33
center of highest visual acuity
fovea
34
fovea is the center of
highest visual acuity
35
CN II optic nerve conveys visual impulses from the
retina
36
the optic nerve passes through the _____ to the orbit
optic papilla
37
the optic nerve becomes the optic tract after passing through the
optic chiasm
38
rods are for _______ vision
night (scotopic)
39
cones are for ____ vision
day (photopic)
40
CN III oculomotor nerve nucleus is located at
midbrain
41
CN III controls
eye movement, pupillary constriction
42
axons of oculomotor nucleus supplies all extraocular muscles
| muscles except:
```
Superior oblique (CN IV) and lateral rectus
(CN V)
```
43
the superior oblique muscle intort the eye when the eye is _____
abducted
44
the superior oblique muscle _____ the eye when the eye is adducted
depress
45
the only crossed cranial nerve
trochlear
46
CN IV is the only one to leave the ____
posterior surface of the brainstem
47
CN IV Enters the ________ below CN III and exits the ______ to innervate the superior oblique
cavernous sinus; superior
| orbital fissure
48
nerve of the 1st pharyngeal arch
CN V
49
3 div of CN V
opthalmic
maxillary
mandibular
50
the sensory root of CN V arises from the ________ which lies in the _______ lateral to the cavernous sinus
Gasserian ganglion; meckel's cavity
51
the opthalmic division enters the cranium through the
superior orbital fissure
52
maxillary div enters through the
foramen rotundum
53
mandibular div sonsory enters through the
foramen ovale
54
abducens nerve is pure _____
GSE nerve
55
CN VI innervates ______ which abduct the eye
lateral rectus
56
most frequently injured CN
CN VI
57
the abducens has the ____________ among CN
longest intracranial course
58
where abducent nerve hangs)
clivus
59
increased ICP leads to______ because _______-
bilateral nerve palsy; clivus pushed downward
60
the internuclear neurons of CN VI innervates
medial rectus
61
the ______ sends parasympathetic preganglionic
| fibers to the _____ to innervate the _____ and via the chord tympani nerve to the submandibular and sublingual
nervus intermedius; pterygopalatine ganglion; lacrimal
| gland
62
internal auditory meatus is the passageway for
CN VII and VIII
63
CN VII exits through the
styloid foramen
64
CN VII innervates the
muscle for facial expression
65
CN VIII arises from the _____ in the labyrinth of the inner ear
spiral and vestibular ganglion
66
CN VIII is confined to the
temporal bone
67
The primary auditory cortex (areas 41 and 42) includes the _______
on the upper surface of the superior temporal
gyrus.
gyrus of Heschl
68
CN IX contains branchial efferents from the ________ to the _________
nucleus ambiguous to the stylopharyngeus muscle
69
CN IX supplies general sensation to the
pharynx
soft palate
posterior 1/3 of tongue
70
CN XI innervates
head and shoulder movement and innervation of laryngeal muscles
71
2 components of CN XI
cranial
| spinal
72
cranial component of CN XI form the
internal branches
73
spinal component of CN XI form the
external branches
74
the cranial component of CN xi innervates ________ and is regarded as a
component
branchiometric musculature; special visceral efferect (SVE)
75
the spinal component of CN XI innervates the
ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid muscle and
| upper parts of the trapezius muscle.
76
Paralysis of the upper part of the trapezius muscle – results
shoulder drop
77
CN XII mediates
tongue movement
78
CN XII innervates
ipsilateral half of the tongue
79
CN XII nucleus is located
internal to trigonum hypoglossi
80
CN XII nucleus is surrounded by gray matter which contains
perihypoglossal nuclei
81
nucleus intercalatus is between
hypoglossal nucleus and motor nucleus of vagus
82
normal reflex consisting of retching; may be produced by
| touching the soft palate in the back of the mouth
gag reflex
83
the movement of the eyes as a unit in the opposite direction
| when the head is moved
doll's eye phenomenon
