Cranial nerves Flashcards
1
Q
Cranial 1
A
Olefactory
2
Q
Cranial 2
A
Optic
3
Q
Cranial 3
A
Occulamotor
4
Q
Cranial 4
A
Trochlear
5
Q
Cranial 5
A
Trigeminal
1- opthalmic
2- Maxilla
3- mandibular
6
Q
Cranial 6
A
Abducens
7
Q
Cranial 7
A
Facial
8
Q
Cranial 8
A
Vestibularcochlea
9
Q
Cranial 9
A
Glossopharyngeal
10
Q
Cranial 10
A
Vagus
11
Q
Cranial 11
A
Accessory
12
Q
Cranial 12
A
Hypoglossal
13
Q
What is the way to remember cranial nerves?
A
Oh Oh Oh to touch and feel very good velvet, Ah heaven!
14
Q
Way to remember foramina?
A
Coming out straight for freddie is just happiness
15
Q
What is the 1st foramina and what nerves run through it?
A
Cribiform plate
Olfactory
16
Q
2nd foramina and nerves that run through?
A
Optic Canal
Optic nerve
17
Q
3rd formaina and nerves?
A
Superior Intestinal canal
- Abducens
- Trochlear
- opthalmic
- occularmoter
18
Q
4th foramina and nerves?
A
Foreman rotundum
Maxilla
19
Q
5th foramina and nerves ?
A
Foreman ovale
Mandibular
20
Q
6th foramina and nerves?
A
Intestinal accoutic meatis
- Facial
- Vestibulocochlear
21
Q
7th foramina and nerves
A
Jugular
- Accessory
- Glossophargneal
- Vegas
22
Q
8th formaina and nerve
A
Hypoglossal
23
Q
Way to remember sensory or motor
A
Some say money matter, but my brother says big boobs matter more
24
Q
Sensory
A
Efferent
- General or special
- Somatic or visceral
25
Motor
Afferent
- General or somatic
- Somatic or visceral
26
What is somatic?
neurons transmit information from the skin or skeletal muscles
27
What is visceral?
internal organs to the central nervous system
28
How many facial nuclei are there?
3 each side
29
Nucleus solitaria
Sensory for glossopharyneal and vagus
30
Nucleus ambiguous
Motor
- Glossopharyneal
- Accessory
- vagus
31
What is the cranial nuclei for hypoglossal?
Most inferior
| 1- motor
32
What are the trigeminal nuclei?
Sensory 3 in 1= more lateral
| Motor= medial
33
Where do cranial nerves 1 and 2 originate from?
The cerebellum
34
Cranial nerves 3 to 12 origin?
Brainstem
35
Where does cranial nerve 4 originate from?
Midbrain
36
Where does cranial nerve 3 originate from
Midbrain-pontine junction
37
Where does cranial nerve 5 originate?
Pons
38
What nerves originate from pontine-medulla junction
6-8
39
Which cranial nerves originate in the medulla
9-12
9-11=posterior to olive
12= anterior to olive
40
Meninegeal layers
Dura
arachnoid
pia
41
What is the falx cerebri?
It is dura mater layer that descends between the longitudinal fissures- 2 hemispheres
42
Falx cerebelli
Projects into posterior cerebellar notch- between cerebrum and cerebellum
43
Tentorium cerebrum
Roof of cerebrum
44
Diaghrama sellae
Flat piece of dura matter allowing ventral passage of pituitary stalk
Front
45
Two layers of the dura matter
Meningeal
| Periosteal
46
Vasculature of cerebrum
1. Anterior cerebral arteries- anteriomedial aspect supplied (internal artery )
2. posterior cerebral arteries- medial and lateral posterior (basilar artery)
3. middle cerebral arteries- lateral portion of cerebrum (internal artery)
Venous drainage-cerebral veins
47
Function of midbrain
Motor movement
| eye, auditory and sensory processing
48
Midbrain includes
Tectum- superior and inferior colliculi
| Tegmentum
49
quadrigeminal brachium
Superior quadrigeminal- Superior colliculi to retina
| Inferior quadrigeminal- Inferior colliculi to medial geniculate
50
What are the peduncles
Superior, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles
| -middle= transverse
51
What is the substantia nigra?
Pigmented nucleus that separates the 2 regions of the cerebral peduncles, split into pars retinculata (anterior) and pars compacta (posterior)
Between pons and midbrain
52
Tegmentum
Located posterior to substantia nigra, runs in midline with pons
53
Tectum
Consists of superior and inferior colliculi
54
Whats the difference in a transverse cross section of inferior and superior colliculi?
Inferior- Decussion of superior cerebellar peduncles
| Superior- Red nucleus
55
Pons
Group of nerves that function as a connection between the cerebellum and cerebrum
56
Landmarks on the posterior surface of the pons
Immediately related to the cerebellum
- medial eminence- Marks the midline of floor plate
- facial colliculus- Fibres of facial looping
- stria medulla-4th ventricle bundle
57
Vasculature of the pons
Verterbrobasilar
- pontine arteries
- inferior cerebellar artery and superior cerebral artery
58
Medulla oblongata
Ascending and descending tracts and brainstem nuclei
Function= connections of NS
Olive= swellings of pyramid
Pyramid= swellings between anterior medial fissure and ventrolateral sulcus
59
What can you see in the horizontal section of the brainstem?
Medulla oblongata- Inferior olivary nucleus
Pons- Pontine nucleus
Midbrain- Substantia nigra, Red nucleus and cerebral aquaduct
60
Connection between left and right thalamus
Interthalamic adhesion
61
Function of the thalamus
1. sensory relays
2. support for motor systems
3. mental operation regulation
62
What is the lentiform nucleus
```
Putamen
Globus pallidus (inhibits movement of thalamus)
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63
Internal capsule
Runs through this cuadate and lentiform nucelus
