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PAEDS SC1 > CV > Flashcards

CV Flashcards

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1
Q

DDX systolic ejection murmur at LUSB

A

ASD (dif bc mid diastolic rumble)

Tetralogy

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2
Q

Syndromes a/w VSD

A

FAT DCT
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Alpert syndrome
Trisomy 13,18

Downs
Cri du chat
TORCH

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3
Q

Syndromes a/w ASD

A

Holt Oram syndrome
Downs
Fetal alcohol

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4
Q

Syndromes a/w PDA

A

Rubella

Preme

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5
Q

Syndromes aw Transposition of the Great Vessels

A

DiGeorge

Maternal diabetes

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6
Q

Syndromes aw tetralogy

A

Maternal PKU

DiGeorge

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7
Q

Syndrome aw coarctation

A

Turners

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8
Q

Aperts syndrome

A

Cranial

Fusion of fingers and toes

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9
Q

IEM associated with heart problems

A

Maternal PKU

Homocystinuria

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10
Q

Drugs aw CHD

A

LAPTA

Lithium
Amphetamines
Phenytoin
Thalidomide
Alcohol
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11
Q

Two CHD’s on LLSB

A

VSD

Truncus arteriosus

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12
Q

Dx VSD

A

ECHO- LVH
CXR- CM, increase pulmonary vascular markings
Hyperoxia test

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13
Q

Tx VSD

A

Small= SPONT

  • monitor
  • antibiotic prophylaxis

Sx
- symptomatic and failed med tx
-

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14
Q

Holt Oram syndrome

A

Absent radius
Heart block - 1st degree
ASD

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15
Q

PC ASD early childhood

A

OSTIUM PRIMUM

  • murmur
  • exertional fatigue
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16
Q

PC ASD late childhood/ early adulthood

A

OSTIUM secundum

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17
Q

Dx ASD

A

ECHO- colour flow Doppler- bw atria
ECG- RV dilation, RA, PR elongation
CXR- CM, increase pulmonary vascular markings

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18
Q

Tx ASD

A

90% = SPONTANEOUS

10% sx

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19
Q

Surgical tx ASD

A

CHF

2:1 pulmonary: systemic

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20
Q

Surgical tx VSD

A
  • symptomatic and failed medical tx

-

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21
Q

PC PDA

A

A symptomatic

LARGE:

  • CHF
  • SOB
  • FTT
  • recurrent LRTI

LL clubbing

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22
Q

Murmur VSD

A

Harsh holosysyolic LLSB

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23
Q

Murmur ASD

A

Systolic ejection LUSB and mid diastolic rumble

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24
Q

Murmur PDA

A

Continuous machine like murmur= infraclavicular

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25
HY PDA
Murmur machine Wide pulse pressure Bounding peripheral pulses
26
Dx PDA
Colour flow EVHO ECG CXR ( self explanatory)
27
Tx PDA
Indomethacin Surgery
28
Surgery PDA
- failed indo tx | - child > 6-8 months
29
PDA for survival
- tetra - hypo L heart - transposition.
30
MCC cyanosis newborn
Transposition
31
MCC cyanosis child
Tetralogy
32
PC TRANSPOSITION.
SINGLE LOUD S2 CHF Tachypnea/ hypox/ cyanosis
33
Dx transposition
ECHO CXR
34
CXR transposition
Narrow heart base Absence main pulmonary artery Increase pul vasc marking EGG ON A STRING HEART
35
Tx transposition
Indomethacin Balloon atrial septostomy Sx- arterial or atrial switch
36
PC tetralogy
Tet spells CHF FTT mental status
37
Murmur in transposition
VSD
38
Murmur in tetralogy
SEM LUSB
39
Dx tetra
ECHO CXR ECG- RVH, R axis deviation
40
CXR TETRA
Boot shaped heart DECREASE pul vasc markings
41
Tx TETRA
PGE1 Tet spells: oxygen/ propanolol/ morphine/ knees - chest Balloon atrial septostomy Sx: blalock Tussig shunt
42
Blalock Tussig Shunt
Sx tetra Connect pulmonary artery to subclavian or carotid --- increasing blood to lungs
43
PC coarct
ASYMPTO HTN UL - epistaxis - headache - syncope LL claudication Weak femoral pulses Radio femoral delay
44
Murmur COarct
Intra scapular Short systolic L axilla
45
Dx coarct
ECHO colour flow ECG CXR
46
CXR coarct
3 sign Rib notching
47
Tx coarct
PGE1 Sx or balloon ? Monitor - re stenosis - aneurysm - dissection
48
Truncus arteriosus
LARGE aw VSD
49
TAPVR
Aw ASD
50
CXR TAPVR
Snowman sign
51
Dx TAPVR
Wet lung fields Polycythemia
52
Hypo L heart syndrome 4 things
Narrow or absent: - mitral valve - aortic valve - ---> hypoplastic LV - -----------> AORTA: - coarct - small ascending
53
4 CHD more common in boys
- transposition - coarct - TAPVR - hypoplastic L heart
54
Ebsteins anomaly
Malformed tricuspid valve ---> bulges into RV (Atrialized RV) Complications - tricuspid stenosis - tricuspid regurg - RV dysfunction - pulmonary stenosis
55
HOCM a/w
friederichs ataxia noonan syndrome pompe disease hurlers
56
Vascular phenomena in IE Dukes Criteria
- septic pulmonary infarcts - intracranial haemorrhage - janeway lesions - conjunctival injection - mycotic aneurysm - major artery emboli
57
immunologic phenomena in IE Dukes criteria
- roth spots - osler nodes - glomerulonephritis - Rheumatoid factor
58
Dx SVT
1. narrow QRS, 250-300bpm 2. P wave after QRS 3. severe heart failure= myocardial ischaemia, T wave inversion 4. WPW
59
Tx SVT
1. caridopulmonary support 2. vagal activation-- COLD ICE PACK, carotid sinus massage 3. IV adneosine 4. direct cardioversion 5. maintenance: - flecainide or sotalol - digoxin - propanolol
60
Tx WPW
- percutaneous radio"f" ablation | - cryoablation of accessory pathway
61
most common childhood arrhythmia
SVT
62
PC congenital heart block
MOST= ASYMPTOMATIC hydrops death in utero heart failure
63
Long QT PC
late adulthood, | LOC
64
inheritance of long QT
AD
65
LONG QT a/w
- erythromycin - hypoK/Mg - head injury
66
features of an innocent murmur
``` soft systolic L sternal edge asymptomatic + postural and respiration + localized ```
67
types of innocent murmurs
1. increase pulmonary artery flow murmur 2. stills murmur 3. venous hum
68
increase pulmonary artery flow murmur
preme's | resolves in 1 week
69
stills murmur
mid LSB | turbulence across myocardial band of the LV
70
venous hum
ULSB | NOT there when flat
71
neonate causes of heart failure
``` CISH critical aortic stenosis interruption of arch of aorta severe AS hypoplastic L heart ```
72
infant causes of heart failure
3D's PDA VSD ASD
73
childhood causes of heart failure/ adolescent
eisenmenger syndrome rheumatic heart disease cardiomyopathy
74
side effects of prostaglandin
``` flushing vasodilation hypotension apnea jitteriness seizures ```

PAEDS SC1 (13 decks)

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