CVS Nova AI Week 1 Flashcards by Daddy Pig

Which cavity’s contents are identified in TLO 1.1.1?
* A) Abdominal cavity
* B) Thoracic cavity
* C) Cranial cavity
* D) Pelvic cavity

B) Thoracic cavity. Explanation: TLO 1.1.1 specifically mentions identifying the contents of the thoracic cavity[cite: 2].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the two main tasks regarding the mediastinum according to TLO 1.1.2?
* A) Describe boundaries and enumerate contents
* B) Measure size and calculate volume
* C) Identify color and texture
* D) Analyze tissue and determine function

A) Describe boundaries and enumerate contents. Explanation: TLO 1.1.2 focuses on describing the boundaries and enumerating the contents of the mediastinum[cite: 4].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the two actions related to the pericardium listed in TLO 1.1.3?
* A) Structure and blood supply, function
* B) Mass and density, chemical composition
* C) Size and shape, electrical activity
* D) Location and position, nerve conduction

A) Structure and blood supply

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What key anatomical features of the heart are covered in TLO 1.1.4?
* A) Structure, great vessels, coronary arteries, blood flow, side comparison
* B) Length, width, volume, mass, muscle strength
* C) Tissue type, cell size, mitochondrial count, metabolic rate
* D) Nerve density, synapse location, neurotransmitter release, receptor sensitivity

A) Structure

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does TLO 1.2.1 require one to describe about the heart?
* A) Location and position of heart and chambers
* B) Size and weight of the heart
* C) Color and texture of the heart
* D) Molecular components of the heart

A) Location and position of heart and chambers. Explanation: TLO 1.2.1 specifically requires a description of the location and position of the heart and its chambers[cite: 10].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What aspect of the major vessels is to be described according to TLO 1.2.2?
* A) Location and position
* B) Chemical composition
* C) Rate of flow
* D) Tensile strength

A) Location and position. Explanation: TLO 1.2.2 requires the description of the location and position of the major vessels[cite: 12].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is to be identified as per TLO 1.2.3?
* A) Relevant areas for palpation
* B) Regions of high pressure
* C) Areas with tumors
* D) Infected zones

A) Relevant areas for palpation. Explanation: TLO 1.2.3 focuses on identifying the relevant areas for palpation[cite: 14].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What specific sites are to be identified according to TLO 1.2.4?
* A) Sites for auscultation
* B) Areas of inflammation
* C) Locations of pain
* D) Zones of tenderness

A) Sites for auscultation. Explanation: TLO 1.2.4 focuses on identifying the sites for auscultation of the heart[cite: 16].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is to be described according to TLO 1.3.1?
* A) The cardiac cycle
* B) The respiratory cycle
* C) The digestive cycle
* D) The sleep cycle

A) The cardiac cycle. Explanation: TLO 1.3.1 directly asks for a description of the cardiac cycle[cite: 18].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What relationship is to be described in TLO 1.3.2?
* A) Blood volume, pressure, valve action, blood flow direction
* B) Heart rate, pulse, breathing rate
* C) Glucose levels, insulin levels, metabolic rate
* D) Oxygen levels, carbon dioxide levels, pH balance

A) Blood volume

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What terms are to be explained in TLO 1.3.3?
* A) Systole, diastole, stroke volume, end-diastolic volume, ejection fraction
* B) Mitosis, meiosis, replication, transcription
* C) Photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration
* D) Oxidation, reduction, phosphorylation

A) Systole

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What diagram is to be interpreted according to TLO 1.3.4?
* A) Wigger’s diagram
* B) Venn diagram
* C) Flow chart
* D) Pie chart

A) Wigger’s diagram. Explanation: TLO 1.3.4 requires interpreting Wigger’s diagram[cite: 24].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What specific structure is to be described according to TLO 1.4.1?
* A) Myocardium
* B) Endocardium
* C) Pericardium
* D) Epicardium

A) Myocardium. Explanation: TLO 1.4.1 requires describing the structure of the myocardium[cite: 26].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What combined aspects of cardiomyocytes are to be described in TLO 1.4.2?
* A) Structure and function
* B) Size and shape
* C) Color and texture
* D) Molecular composition

A) Structure and function. Explanation: TLO 1.4.2 involves describing both the structure and function of the cardiomyocytes[cite: 28].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What concept is to be explained according to TLO 1.4.3?
* A) Cardiac output
* B) Respiratory rate
* C) Metabolic rate
* D) Digestive efficiency

A) Cardiac output. Explanation: TLO 1.4.3 focuses on explaining cardiac output and its determinants[cite: 30].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What type of return is discussed in TLO 1.4.4?
* A) Venous
* B) Arterial
* C) Lymphatic
* D) Neural

A) Venous. Explanation: TLO 1.4.4 discusses the determinants and factors affecting venous return to the heart[cite: 32].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which valves’ anatomy and histology are to be discussed according to TLO 1.5.1?
* A) Atrioventricular and semilunar
* B) Aortic and pulmonary
* C) Mitral and tricuspid
* D) Superior and inferior

A) Atrioventricular and semilunar. Explanation: TLO 1.5.1 requires discussing the anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves[cite: 34].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What combined aspects of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves are to be discussed according to TLO 1.5.2?
* A) Physiology and function
* B) Size and shape
* C) Color and texture
* D) Molecular composition

A) Physiology and function. Explanation: TLO 1.5.2 involves discussing the physiology and function of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves[cite: 36].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is to be discussed regarding heart sounds according to TLO 1.5.3?
* A) Generation and characteristic
* B) Volume and pitch
* C) Location and timing
* D) Absence or presence

A) Generation and characteristic. Explanation: TLO 1.5.3 discusses the generation and characteristics of physiologic heart sounds[cite: 38].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What type of valvular function is to be explained according to TLO 1.5.4?
* A) Insufficient
* B) Excessive
* C) Regular
* D) Abnormal

A) Insufficient. Explanation: TLO 1.5.4 focuses on explaining the consequences of insufficient valvular function[cite: 40].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is to be identified according to TLO 1.6.1?
* A) Structures in the cardiac conduction pathway
* B) Pathways for nerve conduction
* C) Blood vessels around the heart
* D) Valves within the heart

A) Structures in the cardiac conduction pathway. Explanation: TLO 1.6.1 requires identifying the structures involved in the cardiac conduction pathway[cite: 42].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What aspect of electrical activity is to be described according to TLO 1.6.2?
* A) Spread
* B) Rate
* C) Amplitude
* D) Frequency

A) Spread. Explanation: TLO 1.6.2 focuses on describing the spread of electrical activity across the heart[cite: 44].

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What specific nodes and fibers’ functions are to be discussed in TLO 1.6.3?
* A) SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibres
* B) Sensory neurons, motor neurons, interneurons
* C) Dendrites, axons, synapses
* D) Glial cells, Schwann cells, astrocytes

A) SA node

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What phases of an action potential are to be described according to TLO 1.7.1?
* A) Resting membrane potential, depolarisation, repolarisation
* B) Active transport, passive transport, facilitated diffusion
* C) Systole, diastole, atrial contraction
* D) Inspiration, expiration, gas exchange

A) Resting membrane potential

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What correlation is to be described according to TLO 1.7.2? * A) Electrical events to mechanical functions * B) Temperature changes to metabolic rate * C) Hormone levels to physical activity * D) Cognitive processes to sensory input

A) Electrical events to mechanical functions. Explanation: TLO 1.7.2 describes how electrical events correlate to the mechanical functions of the heart[cite: 50].

What does an action potential trigger according to TLO 1.7.3? * A) Cardiac myocyte contraction * B) Nerve cell firing * C) Muscle fiber relaxation * D) Endocrine gland secretion

A) Cardiac myocyte contraction. Explanation: TLO 1.7.3 describes how an action potential triggers cardiac myocyte contraction[cite: 52].

What is to be described regarding the ventricular action potential according to TLO 1.7.4? * A) Characteristics * B) Amplitude * C) Frequency * D) Duration

A) Characteristics. Explanation: TLO 1.7.4 describes the characteristics of the ventricular action potential[cite: 54].

What is to be described regarding the pacemaker action potential according to TLO 1.7.5? * A) Characteristics * B) Amplitude * C) Frequency * D) Duration

A) Characteristics. Explanation: TLO 1.7.5 describes the characteristics of the pacemaker action potential[cite: 56].

What is to be discussed according to TLO 1.8.1? * A) Cardiac innervation and cardiac conduction pathway * B) Sensory perception and motor control * C) Digestive enzyme secretion * D) Kidney filtration mechanisms

A) Cardiac innervation and cardiac conduction pathway. Explanation: TLO 1.8.1 requires discussing cardiac innervation and the cardiac conduction pathway[cite: 58].

What is the sympathetic nervous system's role in cardiac conduction according to TLO 1.8.2? * A) Describe the effect * B) Ignore the effect * C) Deny the effect * D) Enhance the effect

A) Describe the effect. Explanation: TLO 1.8.2 describes the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on cardiac conduction[cite: 60].

What is the parasympathetic nervous system's role in cardiac conduction according to TLO 1.8.3? * A) Describe the effect * B) Ignore the effect * C) Deny the effect * D) Enhance the effect

A) Describe the effect. Explanation: TLO 1.8.3 describes the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on cardiac conduction[cite: 62].

What is to be enumerated according to TLO 1.8.4? * A) Factors which influence cardiac conduction pathway * B) Steps in cellular respiration * C) Types of chemical bonds * D) Layers of the atmosphere

A) Factors which influence cardiac conduction pathway. Explanation: TLO 1.8.4 enumerates the factors that influence the cardiac conduction pathway[cite: 64].

According to Gray's Anatomy for Students, what pages cover Topic 1 (Anatomy)? * A) 123-245.e30 * B) 1-50 * C) 200-300 * D) 300-400

A) 123-245.e30. Explanation: The provided reading assignment for Gray's Anatomy for Students specifies pages 123-245.e30[cite: 66].

According to Learning Radiology, what pages cover Recognizing Normal Cardiac Anatomy? * A) 22-33 * B) 1-20 * C) 50-60 * D) 100-110

A) 22-33. Explanation: The reading assignment for Learning Radiology indicates pages 22-33[cite: 68].

Which textbook is referenced for understanding the cardiac cycle? * A) Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology * B) Gray's Anatomy for Students * C) Learning Radiology * D) Costanzo Physiology

A) Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Explanation: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology is listed as a reading for the cardiac cycle[cite: 70].

Which chapter in Guyton and Hall is most relevant for understanding the cardiac cycle? * A) Chapter 9 * B) Chapter 1 * C) Chapter 5 * D) Chapter 12

A) Chapter 9. Explanation: Chapter 9 of Guyton and Hall is specified as a reading for the cardiac cycle[cite: 72].

What specific topics are covered in the videos in the Topic 1 Online Module? * A) Contents of Thoracic Cavity, Mediastinum, Pericardium, Heart * B) Electrolyte Balance, Kidney Function, Liver Metabolism * C) Brain Anatomy, Spinal Cord, Nervous System Disorders * D) Bone Structure, Muscle Physiology, Joint Movements

A) Contents of Thoracic Cavity

According to readings, what chapter helps understand cardiac conduction pathways? * A) Chapter 10 * B) Chapter 2 * C) Chapter 7 * D) Chapter 13

A) Chapter 10. Explanation: The readings section references Chapter 10 for cardiac conduction pathways[cite: 76].

What is the primary role of the pericardium? * A) Protect and lubricate the heart * B) Pump blood * C) Generate electrical signals * D) Exchange gases

A) Protect and lubricate the heart. Explanation: The pericardium protects and reduces friction for the heart[cite: 78].

What is a key function of the SA node? * A) Initiate heart contraction * B) Delay electrical signals * C) Pump blood efficiently * D) Exchange oxygen

A) Initiate heart contraction. Explanation: The SA node is the heart's natural pacemaker[cite: 80].

What factors affect venous return? * A) Blood volume, muscle activity, venous pressure * B) Lung capacity, breathing rate, oxygen levels * C) Kidney function, urine output, sodium levels * D) Nerve activity, neurotransmitter levels, reflexes

A) Blood volume

What triggers cardiac myocyte contraction? * A) Action potential * B) Hormone release * C) Nerve signal * D) Temperature change

A) Action potential. Explanation: Action potentials trigger the release of calcium

What is the effect of norepinephrine on cardiac conduction? * A) Increase heart rate and contractility * B) Decrease heart rate and contractility * C) No effect * D) Cause arrhythmia

A) Increase heart rate and contractility. Explanation: Norepinephrine

What is the Frank-Starling mechanism? * A) The heart's ability to increase stroke volume with increased preload * B) The heart's ability to decrease stroke volume with increased preload * C) The heart's ability to maintain constant stroke volume regardless of preload * D) The heart's ability to beat faster with exercise

A) The heart's ability to increase stroke volume with increased preload. Explanation: The Frank-Starling mechanism states that the heart will pump out whatever volume is delivered to it[cite: 85

What factors influence cardiac output? * A) Heart rate and stroke volume * B) Breathing rate and tidal volume * C) Kidney filtration and urine output * D) Nerve impulses and neurotransmitter levels

A) Heart rate and stroke volume. Explanation: Cardiac output is the product of heart rate and stroke volume[cite: 87].

How does the parasympathetic nervous system affect cardiac function? * A) Decreases heart rate * B) Increases heart rate * C) Increases contractility * D) No effect

A) Decreases heart rate. Explanation: The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart rate via the vagus nerve[cite: 89].

A patient presents with chest pain. What area of the heart is typically assessed first via auscultation? * A) Aortic valve area * B) Tricuspid valve area * C) Mitral valve area * D) Pulmonary valve area

A) Aortic valve area. Explanation: The aortic valve area is commonly assessed first due to its location and the sounds it produces[cite: 91].

A patient has an ejection fraction of 30%. What does this indicate? * A) Heart failure * B) Normal heart function * C) High blood pressure * D) Irregular heart beat

A) Heart failure. Explanation: An ejection fraction of 30% suggests that the heart is not pumping blood efficiently

Which reading best describes the effects of hypertension on cardiac structure? * A) Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology * B) Gray's Anatomy for Students * C) Learning Radiology * D) Brody's Human Pharmacology

A) Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology. Explanation: Guyton and Hall provides detailed explanations of physiological impacts

During cardiac catheterization, a thrombus is identified in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Which part of the heart is most likely affected? * A) Anterior wall of the left ventricle * B) Right atrium * C) Posterior wall of the left ventricle * D) Interventricular septum

A) Anterior wall of the left ventricle. Explanation: The LAD primarily supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle[cite: 97].

Which learning outcome (LO) is best assessed by identifying structures involved in the cardiac conduction pathway? * A) LO1 (Anatomy) * B) LO3 (Cardiac Cycle) * C) LO5 (Valve Function) * D) LO8 (Autonomic Control)

A) LO1 (Anatomy). Explanation: Identifying anatomical structures directly relates to anatomical knowledge[cite: 99].

Which LO is assessed by understanding the Frank-Starling mechanism? * A) LO2 (Clinically Relevant Anatomy) * B) LO4 (Heart as a Pump) * C) LO6 (Cardiac Conduction Pathway) * D) LO8 (Autonomic Control)

B) LO4 (Heart as a Pump). Explanation: The Frank-Starling mechanism is integral to understanding how the heart functions as a pump[cite: 101].

Describing action potentials in cardiac myocytes best aligns with which LO? * A) LO1 (Anatomy) * B) LO2 (Clinically Relevant Anatomy) * C) LO6 (Cardiac Conduction Pathway) * D) LO8 (Autonomic Control)

C) LO6 (Cardiac Conduction Pathway). Explanation: Action potentials are a key component of the cardiac conduction pathway[cite: 103].

Previous students have noted confusion with the Wigger's diagram. Which study approach would best clarify this concept? * A) Annotate the diagram with the events occurring * B) Memorize the diagram without understanding * C) Ignore the diagram * D) Only read the textbook

A) Annotate the diagram with the events occurring. Explanation: Actively engaging with and annotating the diagram promotes understanding[cite: 105].

What study strategy would previous students recommend for memorizing the branches of the coronary arteries? * A) Use diagrams and color-coding * B) Only read the textbooks * C) Ignore the branches * D) Listen to music while studying

A) Use diagrams and color-coding. Explanation: Visual aids and color-coding can help with memorization[cite: 107].

Based on previous students' experiences, what is the best way to prepare for questions on cardiac innervation? * A) Draw flow charts of sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways * B) Skip this topic * C) Only read lecture notes * D) Memorize terms without understanding

A) Draw flow charts of sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. Explanation: Visualizing the pathways helps with understanding[cite: 109].

The cardiovascular effects of cocaine are primarily due to: * A) Increased sympathetic activity * B) Decreased sympathetic activity * C) Increased parasympathetic activity * D) Decreased parasympathetic activity

A) Increased sympathetic activity. Explanation: Cocaine enhances sympathetic activity

What physiological principle does exercise training utilize to improve cardiac function? * A) Increased preload and contractility * B) Decreased afterload and preload * C) Increased afterload and decreased contractility * D) Decreased heart rate and increased blood viscosity

A) Increased preload and contractility. Explanation: Exercise increases venous return (preload) and enhances the heart's contractility[cite: 112].

Where is the bicuspid valve located? * A) Left atrioventricular * B) Right atrioventricular * C) Between the right atrium and right ventricle * D) Between the left atrium and left ventricle

A) Left atrioventricular. Explanation: The bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle[cite: 113].

What is the primary role of the coronary sinus? * A) Drains venous blood from the heart * B) Delivers oxygenated blood to the heart * C) Transports oxygenated blood away from the heart * D) Regulates blood pressure within the heart

A) Drains venous blood from the heart. Explanation: The coronary sinus collects and drains deoxygenated blood from the myocardium back into the right atrium[cite: 115].

CVS Nova AI Week 1 Flashcards

(60 cards)