CVS patho Flashcards
(48 cards)
Shunts in patients with intracardiac fistulas are detected and quantified by?
Echocardiography with doppler
TOF is Caused by :
anterosuperior displacement of the infundibular septum
differential cyanosis seen in? caused by?
Uncorrected PDA→ can eventually result in late cyanosis in the lower extremities, clubbing without pulse and BP discrepancy
PDA closure:
Physiologic
Anatomic
Physiologic at 18-24 h
Anatomical: days to weeks
Left to right intracardiac shunts can be identified by?
bubble study with echocaediography
Complications of Coarctation of aorta include
- HF,
- ↑ risk of cerebral hemorrhage (berry aneurysms)
- aortic rupture
- possible endocarditis
Williams syndrome Congenital heart defect
Supravalvular aortic stenosis
22q 11 syndromes Congenital heart defect
- Truncus arteriosus,
2. tetralogy of Fallot
Marfan syndrome Congenital heart defect
- MVP,
- thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection,
- aortic regurgitation
Young age, alternating areas of fibrotic web and aneurysmal dilation + lack of intima:
Fibromuscular dysplasia
Isolated systolic HTN in which conditions?
- Age
- Aortic regurgitation
- Anemia
- Hyperhyroidism
HTN nephrosclerosis will cause ↑ EPO or ↓ EPO production?
↓ EPO → Anemia
What is use of Diuretic in chronic lymphedema?
Contraindicated as it cause intravascular volume depletion which is already depleted → AKI
Needle shaped clefts in arterioles:
organs affected?
Atheroembolization
GIT, SKIN, CNS, Renal
Total coronary artery Ca content correlates with:
Ca scoring by cardiac CT scan is used to ____
total atherosclerotic plaque burden
estimate the severity of coronary artery disease
Abdominal aortic aneurysm underlying pathology:
↑ inflammatory infilterates and ROS formation by smoke:
- Transmural inflammation of aortic wall
- Apoptosis of vascular smooth muscles
- Degradation of extracellular matrix proteins (elastin and collagen) by metalloproteinases
Painful pulsatile mass + Systemic signs (fever, malaise)
Mycotic aneurysm : Septic emboli or bacteremic seeding
Aortic dissection trigger:
Associations:
Longitudinal intimal tear
(HTN, bicuspid aortic valve, Marfan syndrome)→ Risk factors of TAA
SCD can be prevented by
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
Lightening strike ► Death within 1 hours due to?
1.
2.
Type of burn
ANS damage leads to
- Cardiac arrythmias
- Respiratory failure
Superficial burn
Fixed dilated pupil
Skin lesion in lightening strike
Lichtenberg figure (erythmatous cutaneous marks in a fern-leaf pattern)
Stable angina pharmacotherapy used for stress test?
Results?
Dobutamine
Supply demand mismatch → transient ↓ in contractility → ↓EF
Loss of cardiac myocytes contractility occurs with in ______ after total ischemia
60sec
After 30 mins half of ____ stores are depleted and complete deletion of _______
Adenosine
Myocardial glycogen