Cytoplasm

Question 1

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 1

Everything inside the cell membrane excludes nucleus.

Question 2

What are the two main types of cytoplasm?

Answer 2

Cytosol - intracellular fluid, where metabolism activities take place
Organelles - everything else

Question 3

What are some types organelles?

Answer 3

1. Cilia
2. Flagellum
3. Cytoskeleton
4. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
5. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
6. Golgi complex
7. Ribosomes
8. Mitochondria

Question 4

List the type of cytoskeleton.

Answer 4

Microfilament - thinnest cytoskeleton that support plasma membrane and cell’s movement (actin & myosin)
Intermediate filament - responsible with stability of the cell’s position and junction
Microtubules - largest cytoskeleton and responsible with the shape of the cells and movement of vesicles, cilia and flagella (tubulin)

Question 5

What is the extension of plasma membrane?

Answer 5

Microvillus, it increases the surface area of the cell.

Question 6

What helps the cell to move?

Answer 6

Flagella.

Question 7

What helps the nearby substance of the cell to move?

Answer 7

Cilia, only attached to sperm cells.

Question 8

What is ribosomes?

Answer 8

Sites of protein synthesis.

Question 9

What role does protein play?

Answer 9

Act as enzyme or receptor, required for carrying out some cell’s activity.

Question 10

Where can we find ribosomes?

Answer 10

Rough endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear membrane, mitochondria, and cytosol.

Question 11

How the role differs depend on the ribosomes in different location?

Answer 11

Synthesised protein in cytosol’s ribosome used within the cell whilst the one in rough endoplasmic reticulum used in cell membrane or released outside.

Question 12

What is the difference between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 12

Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ribosome attached, responsible for protein synthesis. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not have ribosome attached, responsible for synthesis of fatty acid and steroids, detoxification, and produce calcium ion.

Question 13

What does Golgi complex do?

Answer 13

Golgi apparatus receive and modify ribosome from rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Golgi apparatus creates secretory vesicles (packaged protein) from the ribosome that sent from rough endoplasmic reticulum for secretion.

Question 14

What is mitochondria?

Answer 14

Powerhouse of the cell, providing energy for the cell’s activity.

Question 15

What is the term that describes cell’s death?

Answer 15

Apoptosis.