Cytoskeleton

Question 1

Cytoskeleton

Answer 1

A network of filaments and tubules throughout the cytoplasm

Question 2

Roles of Cytoskeleton

Answer 2

1) Provide mechanical support: Help to maintain cell shape

2) Cell motility: Provides cell with movement ability

3) Intracellular Transport: Mediates movement of organelles/molecules

4) Regulates biochemical activity of cell by transmitting mechanical forces

Question 3

3 Parts of Cytoskeleton

Answer 3

1) Microtubules (thickest)
2) Intermediate filaments
3) Microfilaments (thinnest)

Question 4

Microtubules

Answer 4

Hollow tubes made of tubulin

Question 5

Tubulin

Answer 5

Globular protein

–> A protein dimer: Made of two subunits
1) alpha-tubulin
2) beta-tubulin

Question 6

Microtubules Functions

Answer 6

1) Resisting Compression (protecting from crushing or squishing)

2) Motility

–> The movement of the cell as a whole, organelles/molecules within the cell, and chromosomes (during mitosis)

Question 7

Centrosome

Answer 7

Where microtubules originate/grow from (by adding on tubulin dimers)

–> Made of 2 centrioles at a 90 degree angle to each other

Question 8

Centriole

Answer 8

9 sets of 3 (triplet) microtubules arranged in a ring

–> Plants DO NOT have centrioles

Question 9

Cilia

Answer 9

Occur in large # on the cell (look like little hairs)

–> Beat to move the cell
–> Made of microtubules

Question 10

Flagella

Answer 10

Occur in small # on the cell (usually 1-3 per cell)

–> Undulate (like a snake) to move the cell
–> Made of microtubules

Question 11

Structure of Cilia and Flagella

Answer 11

Have a 9 + 2 Structure

–> 9 sets of doublet microtubules arranged in a ring with 2 separate microtubules in the center

Question 12

Dynein Arms

Answer 12

Molecular motors: Cause the microtubules to move