D1-200 Flashcards
1
Q
What gland is found in the muscular triangle of the neck?
A
Thyroid Gland
2
Q
Is an afferent or efferent pupillary defect described as B/L pupillary constriction when light is shined in the unaffected eye and B/L paradoxical dilation when light is shined in the affected eye?
A
Afferent pupillary defect (CN II lesion); in an efferent pupillary defect (CN III), B/L constrict when light is shined in the unaffected eye and consentual pupil constriction occurs when light is shined in the affected eye.
3
Q
What is the name of the spinal cord passing within the subarachnoid space and forming the spinal nerves that exit the lumbar and sacral foramina?
A
Cauda equina
4
Q
Name the laryngeal muscle described by the following: • Pulls the arytenoids cartilages closer to the thyroid, relaxing the vocal ligaments and thereby decreasing the pitch
A
Thyroarytenoid muscles
5
Q
Name the laryngeal muscle described by the following: • Tenses the vocal ligaments, increasing the distance between the cartilages, thereby increasing the pitch
A
Cricothyroid muscles
6
Q
Name the laryngeal muscle described by the following: • Adducts the vocal ligaments, closes the air passageway during swallowing, and allows phonation
A
Lateral cricoarytenoid muscles
7
Q
Name the laryngeal muscle described by the following: • Only muscle to abduct the vocal cords
A
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles
8
Q
Where does the parotid (Stensen’s) duct enter the oral cavity?
A
Opposite the second upper molar tooth
9
Q
From what aortic arch are the following structures derived? • Common and internal carotid arteries
A
Third aortic arch MS CARD is my mnemonic for the aortic arch derivatives
10
Q
From what aortic arch are the following structures derived? • Degenerates
A
Fifth MS CARD is my mnemonic for the aortic arch derivatives
11
Q
From what aortic arch are the following structures derived? • Stapes artery
A
Second MS CARD is my mnemonic for the aortic arch derivatives
12
Q
From what aortic arch are the following structures derived? • Maxillary artery
A
First MS CARD is my mnemonic for the aortic arch derivatives
13
Q
From what aortic arch are the following structures derived? • Arch of the aorta and right subclavian artery
A
Fourth MS CARD is my mnemonic for the aortic arch derivatives
14
Q
From what aortic arch are the following structures derived? • Right and left pulmonary arteries and the ductus arteriosus
A
Sixth MS CARD is my mnemonic for the aortic arch derivatives
15
Q
What abdominal muscle contributes to the anterior layer of the rectus sheath, forms the inguinal ligament, and in men gives rise to the external spermatic fascia of the spermatic cord?
A
External abdominal oblique
16
Q
Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements. • Adduct the thigh and flex the hip
A
Medial compartment of the thigh, obturator nerve
17
Q
Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements. • Plantar flex the foot, flex the toes, and invert the foot
A
Posterior compartment of the leg, tibial nerve
18
Q
Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements. • Dorsiflex the foot, extend the toes, and invert the foot
A
Anterior compartment of the leg, deep peroneal nerve
19
Q
Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements. • Flex the hip and extend the knee
A
Anterior compartment of the thigh, femoral nerve
20
Q
Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements. • Extend the hip and flex the knee
A
Posterior compartment of the thigh, tibial nerve
21
Q
Name the compartment of the lower extremity and the nerve based on its movements. • Plantar flex the foot and evert the foot
A
Lateral compartment of the leg, superficial peroneal nerve
22
Q
What are the five branches of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
A
STARS 1. Upper Subscapularis 2. Thoracodorsal 3. Axillary 4. Radial 5. Lower Subscapularis
23
Q
Name the correct artery. • The right recurrent laryngeal nerve passes around it.
A
Right brachiocephalic artery
24
Q
Name the correct artery. • The left recurrent laryngeal nerve passes around it.
A
Arch of the aorta
25
The inferior mesenteric artery drains into it.
The splenic vein
26
Are the quadrate and caudate lobes of the liver functionally part of the left or right lobe?
Functionally they are part of the left lobe of the liver because they receive their blood supply from the left hepatic artery. Anatomically they are considered part of the right lobe of the liver.
27
What bones make up the acetabulum?
Pubis, ilium, and ischium
28
What is the anatomic positioning of the right and left gastric nerve plexus of the esophagus as they pass through the diaphragm?
LARP: Left goes Anterior and Right goes Posterior (because of the rotation of the gut; remember your embryology!)
29
What vessel is lacerated in an epidural hematoma?
Middle meningeal artery
30
True or false? Below the arcuate line, all the aponeurotic fibers run anterior to the rectus abdominis.
TRUE
31
What ocular muscle • Adducts the eyeball and is involved in horizontal conjugate gaze?
Medial rectus (CN III) (LR6 SO4)3
32
What ocular muscle • Elevates and adducts the eyeball?
Superior rectus (CN III) (LR6 SO4)3
33
What ocular muscle • Depresses and abducts the eyeball?
Superior Oblique (CN IV) (LR6 SO4)3
34
What ocular muscle • Elevates and abducts the eyeball?
Inferior Oblique (CN III) (LR6 SO4)3
35
What ocular muscle • Abducts the eyeball and is involved in horizontal conjugate gaze?
Lateral rectus (CN VI) (LR6 SO4)3
36
What ocular muscle • Depresses and adducts the eyeball?
Inferior rectus (CN III) (LR6 SO4)3
37
Which muscles of the eye are under parasympathetic control?
Constrictor pupillae and ciliary muscles
38
Which direction does the uvula deviate in a left vagus nerve lesion?
A left CN X lesion results in the uvula deviating to the right. (Uvula points away from the affected side.)
39
Is a subdural hematoma an arterial or venous bleed?
Subdural hematoma is a rupture of the cerebral veins where they enter the superior sagittal sinus.
40
Which CNs are found in the midline of the brainstem?
CN I, II, III, VI, and XII Add 1 + 1 = 2, 1 + 2 = 3, 1 + 2 + 3 = 6, 1 + 2 + 3 + 6 = 12
41
What muscles insert in or on the intertubercular groove of the humerus?
Lady between two Majors: latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, and teres major
42
What nerve supplies taste sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Chorda tympani of CN VII
43
What part of the heart forms • The right border?
Right atrium
44
What part of the heart forms • Left border?
Left ventricle and auricle of left atrium
45
What part of the heart forms • Apex?
Tip of the left ventricle
46
What part of the heart forms • Base?
Left atrium and tip of the right atrium
47
What part of the heart forms • Superior border?
Conus arteriosus of the right ventricle and right and left auricles
48
What part of the heart forms • Anterior wall?
Right ventricle
49
What part of the heart forms • Posterior wall?
Left atrium
50
What part of the heart forms • Diaphragmatic wall?
Left ventricle and tip of right ventricle
51
What nerves carry the sensory and motor components of the blink reflex?
CN V1 carries the sensory and CN VII carries the motor component of the blink reflex.
52
What muscle keeps the stapes taut against the oval window?
Stapedius muscle
53
Name the components of the femoral canal, working laterally to medially.
NAVEL: Femoral Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space, and Lymphatics/Lacunar ligament
54
What muscle is most superior in the orbit?
Levator palpebrae superioris
55
What portion of the pericardium adheres to the tunica adventitia of the great vessels?
Fibrous pericardium
56
What two veins form the portal vein?
The superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein (after it receives the inferior mesenteric vein) join to form the portal vein.
57
What CNs are responsible for the sensor and motor components of the light reflex?
CN II is the sensory limb and CN III is the motor component through parasympathetic stimulation.
58
Arrange the following layers in the correct sequence through which a needle must pass in a lumbar puncture. • Skin • Subarachnoid space • Interspinous ligament • Dura mater • Deep fascia • Epidural space • Superficial fascia • Interlaminar space • Supraspinous ligament • Arachnoid mater
During a lumbar puncture the needle passes through the interlaminar space in the midline of L3-L4, with the tip of the iliac crest in the flexed position as the landmark. Order of puncture: 1. Skin 2. Superficial fascia 3. Deep fascia 4. Supraspinous ligament 5. Interspinous ligament 6. Interlaminar space 7. Epidural space 8. Dura mater 9. Arachnoid mater 10. Subarachnoid space. (They ask this in some variation every year, so know it.)
59
What ocular ganglion is affected if the pupil on the affected side sluggishly responds to light with normal accommodation?
Ciliary ganglion producing a tonic pupil
60
What is the name for the most prominent spinous process?
Vertebra prominens (C7 in 70% of cases, C6 in 20%, T1 in 10%)
61
What muscles make up the rotator cuff?
SITS—Subscapularis, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Supraspinatus
62
What is the function of white rami communicantes?
They are preganglionic sympathetic axons. They are white because they are myelinated.
63
What muscle or muscles are innervated by the following nerves? • Suprascapular nerve
Supraspinatus and infraspinatus
64
What muscle or muscles are innervated by the following nerves? • Upper subscapularis nerve
Subscapularis
65
What muscle or muscles are innervated by the following nerves? • Thoracodorsal nerve
Latissimus dorsi
66
What muscle or muscles are innervated by the following nerves? • Long thoracic nerve
Serratus anterior
67
What nerve is associated with the following functions? • Flex the wrist and digits, pronate the wrist and the LOAF (Lumbricales, Opponens pollicis, Abductor pollicis brevis, Flexor pollicis brevis) muscles of the hand
Median nerve
68
What nerve is associated with the following functions? • Flex the shoulder, flex the elbow, and supinate the elbow
Musculocutaneous nerve
69
What nerve is associated with the following functions? • Innervation of the flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digiti profundus (pinky and ring fingers), and the intrinsic muscles of the hand
Ulnar nerve
70
What nerve is associated with the following functions? • Supinate the wrist, extend the wrist and digits, extend the shoulder and elbow
Radial nerve
71
What abdominal muscle runs horizontally, contributes to the posterior rectus sheath, and contributes to form the conjoint tendon?
Transverse abdominis
72
Which CNs act as the sensory and motor components of the gag reflex?
The sensory limb is via CN IX, and the motor limb is from CN X.
73
Which kidney is lower? Why?
The right kidney is lower in the abdominal cavity because of the amount of space the liver occupies.
74
What two regions of the vertebral column are considered primary curvatures?
Thoracic and sacral
75
What vein drains the lower third of the thoracic wall?
Hemiazygous vein
76
At what point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
When it crosses the teres major
77
What direction would the tongue protrude in a left CN XII lesion?
Left CN XII lesion would result in the tongue pointing to the left (points at the affected side).
78
At what vertebral level does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
C4 (the upper border of the thyroid cartilage)
79
True or false? Males are more likely to develop femoral hernias than females.
False. Females are more likely to develop femoral hernias then males (remember Female's Femoral).
80
In what compartment of the thigh is the profundus femoris artery found?
Anterior compartment (it's the blood supply to the posterior compartment)
81
Where is the cupola of the lung in relation to the subclavian artery and vein?
The cupola of the lung is posterior to the subclavian artery and vein. It is the reason one must be cautious when performing subclavian venipuncture.
82
True or false? The first cervical vertebra has no vertebral body.
True. The odontoid process of C2 acts as the vertebral body of C1 allowing lateral rotation of the head.
83
What is the largest muscle in the body?
Gluteus maximus
84
At what vertebral levels does the aortic arch begin and end?
It both begins and ends at T4 (sternal angle [of Louis]).
85
What artery travels with the following veins? • Great cardiac vein
Left anterior descending artery
86
What artery travels with the following veins? • Middle cardiac vein
Posterior interventricular artery
87
What artery travels with the following veins? • Small cardiac vein
Right coronary artery
88
The ophthalmic artery is a branch of what vessel?
Internal carotid artery
89
What structure or structures cross the diaphragm at • T8 level?
IVC Remember: 1 at T8, 2 at T10, and 3 at T12
90
What structure or structures cross the diaphragm at • T10 level?
Esophagus and esophageal nerve plexus (CN X) Remember: 1 at T8, 2 at T10, and 3 at T12
91
What structure or structures cross the diaphragm at • T12 level?
Aorta, azygos vein, and thoracic duct Remember: 1 at T8, 2 at T10, and 3 at T12
92
Is the carotid sinus sensitive to pressure or oxygen?
The carotid sinus is a pressure-sensitive (low) receptor, while the carotid body is an oxygen-sensitive (low) receptor. (Remember "Sinus Pressure").
93
What nerve or nerves supply general sensation and taste to the posterior third of the tongue?
CN XI and X
94
Which muscle of the eye is under sympathetic control?
Dilator pupillae muscle
95
True or false? both the left and right lungs have an oblique fissure?
True. on the right lung the oblique fissure divides the middle from the inferior lobe and the horizontal fissure further divides the middle from the upper lobe. On the left the oblique divides the superior from the inferior lobe.
96
What are the three branches of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
1. Lateral pectoral 2. Lateral head of the median 3. Musculocutaneus
97
What is the major difference between the veins in the face and the veins in the rest of the body?
There are no valves and no smooth muscle in the walls of the veins in the face.
98
Name the bony articulations of the following sites. Be specific. • Shoulder
Clavicle, acromion, and glenoid fossa of the scapula and the humerus
99
Name the bony articulations of the following sites. Be specific. • Elbow
Humerus with ulna (major) and radius (minor)
100
Name the bony articulations of the following sites. Be specific. • Wrist
Radius with scaphoid and lunate and ulna with triquetrum and pisiform (Remember, for major articulations, wrist/radius and humerus/ulna = elbow)
101
What is the only laryngeal muscle innervated by the external laryngeal nerve?
Cricothyroid muscle; all other laryngeal muscles are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
102
What seven structures are found in more than one mediastinum?
Esophagus, SVC, vagus nerve, azygos vein, thoracic duct, thymus, and phrenic nerve
103
How many bronchopulmonary segments are on the right lung? Left lung?
There are 10 bronchopulmonary segments on the right and 8 on the left.
104
The duodenal-jejunal flexure is suspended from the posterior abdominal wall by what?
Ligament of Treitz
105
What is the only tongue muscle innervated by CN X?
Palatoglossus muscle is innervated by CN X; all other tongue muscles are innervated by CN XII.
106
What abdominal muscle runs in a posteroinferior direction, splits to contribute to the rectus sheath, contributes to the formation of the conjoint tendon, and in men gives rise to the middle spermatic fascia and the cremasteric muscle of the spermatic cord?
Internal abdominal oblique
107
What are the five branches of the superior mesenteric artery?
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal, middle colic, right colic, ileocolic, and 10 to 15 intestinal arteries
108
What spinal nerves contribute to the pelvic splanchnic (parasympathetic) nerves that innervate the detrusor muscle of the urinary bladder?
S2, S3, S4—keeps the pee-pee off the floor!
109
What connects the third and the fourth ventricles?
Cerebral aqueduct
110
What nerve and artery could be affected in a humeral neck fracture?
Axillary nerve and posterior humeral artery
111
What type of hernia is described as passing through the deep lateral ring of the inguinal canal?
Indirect hernia passes in the inguinal canal; a direct hernia passes directly through Hesselbach's triangle.
112
What two vessels come together to form the external jugular vein?
1. Posterior auricular vein 2. Posterior division of the retromandibular vein
113
What is the only vein in the body with a high O2 content?
The pulmonary vein, which carries oxygenated blood from the lung to the left atrium.
114
What are the three branches of the celiac trunk?
The left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries
115
What region of the pharynx does the eustachian tube enter?
Nasopharynx
116
What is the only muscle of the soft palate that is innervated by CN V3?
The tensor veli palatine is innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve; all others are innervated by CN X.
117
How many pairs of spinal nerves exit from the spinal cord?
31 pairs
118
What artery turns into the dorsalis pedis when it crosses the extensor retinaculum?
Anterior tibial artery
119
What is the term for pupils that react normally to accommodation but have bilateral loss of constriction in response to light?
Argyll Robertson pupils
120
What connects the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle?
Foramen of Monro
121
What nerve supplies general sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?
Lingual nerve of CN V3
122
What type of pleura is adherent to the surface of the organ?
Visceral pleura
123
What artery supplies the left ventricle, left atrium, and interventricular septum?
Left coronary artery
124
Where are the tonsillar tissues?
Waldeyer's ring
125
What is the name of the superficial subcutaneous fascia of the abdomen containing fat?
Camper's fascia; Scarpa's fascia is devoid of fat. (Remember campers are fat.)
126
What are the three anatomic characteristics that differentiate the large bowel from the small bowel and the rectum?
1. Tinea coli 2. Haustra 3. Epiploic appendages
127
What area of the posterior aspect of the eye has no photoreceptors?
The optic disk is the blind spot.
128
At the level of rib 6, the internal thoracic artery divides into what two arteries?
Musculophrenic and superior epigastric arteries
129
What is the name of inflammation of the prepatellar bursa?
Housemaid's knee
130
What nerve roots constitute the cervical plexus?
C1 through C4
131
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Heart and pericardium
Middle
132
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Descending aorta
Posterior
133
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Thymus
Superior and anterior
134
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Phrenic nerve
Superior and middle
135
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Esophagus
Superior and posterior
136
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Trachea
Superior
137
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Ascending aorta
Middle
138
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Thoracic duct
Superior and posterior
139
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Azygos vein
Superior and posterior
140
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • SVC
Superior and middle
141
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Splanchnic nerves
Posterior
142
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Aortic arch
Superior
143
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • IVC
Middle
144
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Vagus nerve
Posterior
145
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Brachiocephalic vein
Superior
146
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Pulmonary artery and veins
Middle
147
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Left common carotid artery
Superior
148
Name the compartment of the mediastinum associated with the following thoracic structures: • Left subclavian artery
Superior
149
What is the only organ in the body supplied by preganglionic sympathetic fibers?
Adrenal medulla
150
The left subclavian artery is a branch of what artery?
The left is a branch of the aortic arch, while the right is a branch of the brachiocephalic trunk.
151
What are the four muscles of mastication?
1. Masseter 2. Temporalis 3. Medial pterygoid 4. Lateral pterygoid
152
With what thoracic vertebra or vertebrae does rib 7 articulate?
Rib 7 articulates with T7 and T8. Each rib articulates with the corresponding numerical vertebral body and the vertebral body below it.
153
What are the three branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
Left colic, superior rectal, and sigmoidal arteries
154
What is the only valve in the heart with two cusps?
Mitral (bicuspid) valve
155
What are five clinical signs of portal HTN?
Caput medusa, internal hemorrhoids, esophageal varices, retroperitoneal varices, and splenomegaly
156
What three muscles constitute the erector spinae?
1. Iliocostalis 2. Longissimus 3. Spinalis ("I Love Science" muscles)
157
What nerve is compromised in carpal tunnel syndrome?
Median nerve
158
What vascular injury may result from a supracondylar fracture of the femur?
The popliteal artery, the deepest structure in the popliteal fossa, risks injury in a supracondylar fracture of the femur.
159
What nerve and artery could be affected in a midshaft humeral fracture?
Radial nerve and the profunda brachii artery
160
Name the 10 retroperitoneal organs.
. Duodenum (all but the first part) 2. Ascending Colon 3. Ureters 4. Pancreas 5. Supra renal glands (adrenals) 6. Descending colon 7. Aorta 8. Kidneys 9. Rectum 10. IVC D CUPS DAKRI is the mnemonic, everything else is covered with peritoneum
161
Ventral rami of what cervical nerves constitute the phrenic nerve?
C3, C4, and C5 keep the diaphragm alive!
162
What is the region of the fallopian tube where fertilization most commonly occurs?
Ampulla
163
What foramen must be traversed for entry into the lesser peritoneal sac?
Foramen of Winslow
164
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Foramen magnum
CN XI, vertebral arteries
165
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Foramen spinosum
Middle meningeal artery
166
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Foramen rotundum
CN V2
167
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Foramen ovale
CN V3 and the lesser petrosal nerve
168
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Jugular foramen
CN IX, X, and XI; sigmoid sinus
169
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Carotid canal
Internal carotid artery and sympathetic plexus
170
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Stylomastoid foramen
CN VII
171
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Hypoglossal canal
CN XII
172
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Internal auditory meatus
CN VII and VIII
173
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Optic canal
CN II and ophthalmic artery
174
Name the structure that enters or exits the following foramina: • Cribriform plate
CN I
175
What vessel can be found atop the scalene anterior?
Subclavian vein
176
What component of the corneal reflex is lost in a CN VII deficit?
Motor aspect
177
A motor lesion to the right CN V results in deviation of the jaw to which side?
A right CN V lesion results in weakened muscles of mastication, and the jaw deviates to the right.
178
What two arteries join to form the superficial and deep palmar arches of the hand?
Ulnar and radial arteries (ulnar is the main supplier)
179
What two ligaments of the uterus are remnants of the gubernaculum?
Round and ovarian ligaments
180
What segments of the lumbosacral plexus form the following nerves? • Tibial nerve
L4 to S3 (L2 to L4, thigh; L4 to S3, leg)
181
What segments of the lumbosacral plexus form the following nerves? • Common peroneal nerve
L4 to S3 (L2 to L4, thigh; L4 to S3, leg)
182
What segments of the lumbosacral plexus form the following nerves? • Femoral nerve
L2 to L4 (L2 to L4, thigh; L4 to S3, leg)
183
What segments of the lumbosacral plexus form the following nerves? • Obturator nerve
L2 to L4 (L2 to L4, thigh; L4 to S3, leg)
184
What three structures are in contact with the left colic flexure? With the right colic flexure?
Left: stomach, spleen, and left kidney; right: liver, duodenum, and right kidney
185
What three muscles constitute the pes anserinus?
1. Sartorius 2. Gracilis 3. Semitendinous
186
What is the only pharyngeal muscle not innervated by CN X?
Stylopharyngeus muscle is innervated by CN IX; all other pharyngeal muscles are innervated by CN X.
187
What vessels carry deoxygenated blood into the lungs from the right ventricle?
The right and left pulmonary arteries, the only arteries that carry deoxygenated blood
188
Fracture of the fibular neck, resulting in foot drop, is an injury of what nerve?
Common peroneal nerve
189
What vein is formed by the union of the right and left brachiocephalic veins?
Superior vena cava
190
If inserting a needle to perform a pleural tap or insertion of a chest tube, do you use the inferior or the superior border of a rib as your landmark? Why?
The superior border of the inferior intercostal rib is your landmark for a pleural tap because along the inferior border of each rib is the neurovascular bundle, and you would risk injury if you went below the rib.
191
What muscle laterally rotates the femur to unlock the knee?
Popliteus
192
What chamber of the eye lies between the iris and the lens?
Posterior chamber
193
What artery supplies the right atrium, right ventricle, sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes?
Right coronary artery
194
What four branches of the brachial plexus arise prior to the first rib?
1. Dorsal scapular 2. Suprascapular 3. Long thoracic 4. Nerve to subclavius
195
What vertebral level is marked by the xiphoid process?
T9
196
What lower extremity nerve is described by the following motor loss? • Loss of eversion; inversion, dorsiflexion, and plantarflexion of the foot
Common peroneal nerve
197
What lower extremity nerve is described by the following motor loss? • Loss of flexion of the knees and toes, plantarflexion, and weakened inversion
Tibial nerve
198
What lower extremity nerve is described by the following motor loss? • Loss of knee extension, weakened hip flexion
Femoral nerve
199
What lower extremity nerve is described by the following motor loss? • Loss of abduction of the hip resulting in Trendelenburg gait
Superior gluteal nerve
200
What lower extremity nerve is described by the following motor loss? • Loss of flexion of the knee and all function below the knee, weakened extension of the thigh
Sciatic nerve
