Data, Information, and Software Flashcards
(42 cards)
raw, unorganized facts or figures
that are collected and stored. It can be in the
form of numbers, text, images, or any other
type of input.
Data
the most basic form of
representation and requires further processing to become useful
Data
refers to information that can be represented using only two
possible values, typically 0 and 1.
Binary data
encompasses information that is not
restricted to two possible values.
non-binary data
the processed and organized
form of data. It is data that has been
analyzed, structured, and given context.
Information
It is the result of data being transformed
into a more meaningful and useful state.
Information
provides meaning and can be
used to answer questions or make decisions.
Information
It refers to
a conceptual
framework wherein input in the
form of data or information is
processed which result in the
generation of an output basically
in the form of information
.
The INPUT – PROCESS – OUTPUT (I-P-O) Model
stages of data processing
data collection
data preparation
data input
data processing
data output & interpretation
data storage
It is a group of organized interdependent components that interact with
and complement one another to achieve one or more predetermined
goals.
System
a system is the sum of its parts glued into one distinct entity
Unitary Whole
a system is made up of functionally oriented
Composed of Parts
boundaries separate the system from its environment
Bounded
– the parts are related and have definite
interactions and interdependencies.
System Parts Interact With Each Other
Each system is likely to be part of another larger system. Just as
it is likely to be divided into subsystems.
Hierarchical
The components all work toward a particular purpose
of function.
Goal-Oriented
It refers to the physical
components that are used in data preparation,
data input, data storage, data computation
and logic comparisons, control functions
and outputting information.
Hardware
It includes the central processing unit (CPU) and the storage, input, output
and communication devices.
Hardware
refers to the human aspects of
computing and information systems. It focuses on
the human factors of technology, emphasizing how
people interact with hardware, software, and
processes.
Peopleware
elements of a computer system
data
hardware
peopleware
software
non-physical components of a computer system such as the
machine coded instructions used by the different hardware facilities.
Software
It refers to all computer programs which direct and control the computer
hardware in data processing.
Software
it is a collection of programs that facilitates the
programming and operation of the computer.
Systems Software
it is an integral part of the computer system itself.
Systems Software
