hardware Flashcards
(94 cards)
1
Q
Physical components (internal or external) that are used in data management and logic comparisons, control functions, and computing information
A
hardware
2
Q
hardware is _____ components
A
tangible
3
Q
Types of hardware
A
internal and external
4
Q
the most important part of hardware, sometimes referred to as the brain of the computer
A
Central processing unit (CPU)
5
Q
CPU is also known as
A
central processor
6
Q
Components of CPU
A
Control Unit (CU)
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Primary Storage
Registers
7
Q
decodes program instructions and directs other components of the computer to perform that task specified in the programs instructions
A
Control Unit(CU)
8
Q
performs arithmetic and logical operations
A
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
9
Q
Stores the program instructions currently being executed and also stores the data while being processed by the CPU
A
Primary Storage
10
Q
Registers is a __ word read and write memory; special temporary storage which quickly accepts, stores and transfers data and instructions for immediate use
A
14
11
Q
RAM stands for
A
Random Access Memory
12
Q
types of internal hardware
A
CPU
Memory Unit
Input and Output Unit (I/O Unit)
13
Q
it does not only store data and instructions before the execution but as well as the processed data
A
memory unit
14
Q
refers to as main memory or primary memory
A
RAM
15
Q
ROM stands for
A
Read Only Memory
16
Q
enable the computer to perform basic operations such as its start up procedure
A
ROM
17
Q
a volatile type of memory; can be read and altered by the computer
A
RAM
18
Q
can be read by the computer but not altered (fixed)
A
ROM
19
Q
types of external memory
A
hard drive
CD/CD ROM’s
Magnetic Floppy Disc
20
Q
secondary memory is also known as
A
auxiliary memory
21
Q
it is a non volatile type of memory that is responsible for keeping files permanently
A
secondary memory
22
Q
two types of secondary memory
A
sequential storage (tapes)
direct-access storage devices (diskettes)
23
Q
allows communication between the computer and its outside world via input and output devices
A
I/O Unit
24
Q
it is an entity within a computer responsible for the control of one or more external devices
A
I/O Unit
25
the processing will be done internally with the ___ and ___
CPU, memory
26
hardware device designed to store information
storage device
27
2 types of storage device
primary storage - RAM
secondary storage - disks
28
data on storage devices are measured in
bits
bytes
kilobytes (KB)
megabytes (MB)
gigabytes (GB)
terabytes (TB)
29
measure of bits
10111010
30
measure of bytes
8 bits
31
measure of KB
1024 bytes
32
measure of MB
1 million bytes
33
measure of GB
billion bytes
34
measure of TB
trillion bytes
35
it is the slower and
cheaper form of memory
Secondary Storage
36
Secondary Storage is also called
secondary memory
37
CPU does not access the secondary memory directly.
The content in it must first be copied into the ____ for CPU to process.
primary storage RAM
38
it is an **outdated storage device**
consisting of a **thin disk** of a **flexible magnetic** storage
medium.
Floppy Disks
39
Floppy Disks are also called
diskette
40
any storage method in which data is written and read with a
**laser** for archival or **backup purposes**.
Optical disks
41
the most common type of **removable media**, suitable for **music and data**
Compact Disc (CD)
42
a popular type of **removable media** that is the same dimensions as a CD but stores up to **12 times as much
information**. It is the most common way of transferring **digital video**
Digital Video/Versatile Disc (DVD)
43
a **high-density optical disc** format for data and high-definition video and can store **70 times as much information** as a CD
Blu-ray Disc
44
CD stands for
compact disc
45
DVD stands for
digital video/versatile disc
46
part of a unit that stores and provides relatively **quick
access** to large amounts of data on an
**electromagnetically charged surface** or set of
surfaces
Hard Disk
47
a **flash memory device** integrated with a **USB interface**, typically small, lightweight, removable, and
rewritable
Flash Disk
48
is a **new generation** of storage device used in
computers.
SSD
49
store data using **flash-based
memory**, which is much faster than the traditional hard
disks they've come to replace.
SSD
50
SSD -
HDD -
solid state drive
hard disk drive
51
to **retrieve and execute** the instructions (in the form of computer programs) provided to the computer.
Processing Hardware
52
it contains **electrical components** that **makes the
computer work**
System Unit
53
It is the main circuit board in the system unit
Motherboard
54
It **houses the CPU chip, main memory chips and
expansion slots** where other additional components such can be plugged-in.
Motherboard
55
It allows all the parts of your computer to **receive power and communicate with one another.**
Motherboard
56
Motherboard is sometimes called ____,____,____, and casually termed as ____
main board, system board, logic board, mobo
57
It is a device that converts
**alternating current (AC) to
direct current (DC)** power
to run the computer
Power Supply
58
AC-
DC-
alternating current
direct current
59
a mechanical
component that provides
**mechanical and electrical
connections** between
a **microprocessor** and
a **printed circuit
board (PCB).**
CPU Socket
60
CPU Socket is also called
CPU slot
61
(PCB)
printed circuit
board
62
a
single piece of silicon
containing millions of
electrical components.
Microprocessor Chip
63
also called the **main power connector**, it used to get
the **electric energy from the power supply** which the
**motherboard require** to function properly.
Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX)
64
a **standard electronic interface** used between a computer **motherboard's data paths** or bus and the computer's **disk storage devices**
Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)
65
a **new standard** for connecting **hard drives into
computer systems.**
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)
66
IDE
integrated drive electronics
67
based on **serial signaling technology**, unlike current IDE hard drives that use
**parallel signaling**
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)
68
Hard disk drive (HDD) is also called
hard drive, hard disk, or disk drive
69
the **first software run by a PC** when powered on. initialize and test the system hardware components, and to load an operating system or other program from a mass memory device
Basic Input Output System (BIOS)
70
an **interconnection
system** between a
**microprocessor and
attached devices** in
which expansion slots
are spaced closely for
**high speed operation.**
Peripheral Component
Interconnect (PCI)
71
enables the computer to **output sound to audio devices**, as well as accept **input from a microphone**
Sound Card
72
an item of personal
computer hardware whose
function is to **generate and
output images** to a display
Video Card
73
Video Card is also referred to as
graphics card, graphics
accelerator, display
adapter
74
a **high-speed point-to-point channel** for attaching a video card to a computer's motherboard, primarily to assist in the acceleration of **3D computer graphics**
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
75
a **computer hardware
component** that
connects a computer
to a computer **network**
Network Interface
Controller (NIC) card
76
an **Intel chipset** that
manages the **basic forms of
input/output (I/O)** such as
Universal Serial Bus (USB),
serial , audio, Integrated
Drive Electronics (IDE),
and Industry Standard
Architecture (ISA) I/O in a
computer
Southbridge Chipset
77
**controls** the processor,
memory, Peripheral
Component Interconnect
(PCI) bus, Level 2 cache,
and **all Accelerated
Graphics Port ( AGP )
activities.**
Northbridge Chipset
78
used to store **basic Information** about
the **PC’s configuration**, e.g.:
Complimentary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor (CMOS)
79
developed by IBM and
is used to connect a
computer mouse or
keyboard to an IBM
compatible computer
PS/2 port
80
the mouse is plugged into
the ____ connector and
the keyboard into the
____ connector
green, purple
81
**used for peripherals** such as mice and modems, becoming
**less popular** now though as
USB and PS/2 have taken
over.
Serial port`
82
Serial port also called
COM port
83
**I/O channel** for connecting
**peripherals** such as scanners
and printers to PC
can also be used for
**hardware interfacing**
Parallel port
84
_____ is an
**industry standard** developed in the
____ that defines the cables,
connectors and communications
protocols used in a bus for
**connection**, **communication** and
**power supply** between computers
and electronic devices.
Universal Serial Bus (USB), mid-1990s
85
has **effectively replaced a variety of earlier interfaces**, such as serial
and parallel ports, as well as
separate power chargers for
portable devices
Universal Serial Bus (USB)
86
main
output for your computer
speakers.
Speaker out (green)
87
- for **external
sources of audio** that you
want to hear through your
computer or possibly
record
Line in (blue)
88
- for the
**Microphone**. The
microphone can again be
used to add sound to
recording
Mic in (red)
89
types of disk
Floppy Disks
Optical disks
Hard Disk
Flash Disk
90
Parts of a motherboard
Power Supply
CPU Socket
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Microprocessor Chip
Advanced Technology eXtended (ATX)
Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)
Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)
Hard disk drive (HDD)
Basic Input Output System (BIOS)
Sound Card
Video Card
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
Network Interface
Controller (NIC) card
Southbridge Chipset
Northbridge Chipset
Complimentary Metal Oxide
Semiconductor (CMOS)
external ports
91
external ports
PS/2 port
Serial port
Parallel port
Universal Serial Bus (USB) port
Sound card ports
92
sound card ports
Speaker out (green)
Line in (blue)
Mic in (red)
93
PS/2 port often referred to as
the ____ or ____
mouse port,
keyboard port
94
a **non-volatile**, **digitally encoded data storage device** that stores data on the **magnetic surfaces of hard disk platters**
HDD
