Day 14

Question 1

Analysis of variance , ANOVA

Answer 1

Used when there are more than two sets of scores to compare: Three or more independent samples, repeated measures on the same sample three or more times.

Question 2

Multiple t-tests

Answer 2

Increase the change of a type 1 error. Anova does all three comparisons simultaneously with one test of significance.

Question 3

Anova terms to know

Answer 3

IV is known as a factor in the Anova. The different conditions of an IV are called levels. The statistics used in ANOVA is the F-ratio.

Question 4

Total variability: between-treatment variance

Answer 4

Measures difference due to: systematic treatment effect, randomly unsystematic factors.

Question 5

Total variability: within-treatment variance

Answer 5

Measures difference due to: random unsystematical factors.

Question 6

The difference (or variance) between treatments can come from two sources

Answer 6

1. Treatment effects, 2. change or sampling error.

Question 7

Three principles in analyzing a between-subjects experiment with multiple groups

Answer 7

1) Between differences are not enough to determine that there is an effect of the IV.
2) Within-group variability must be due to random error if there was a random selection and assignment of subjects.
3. Comparing between-groups.

Question 8

Anova uses

Answer 8

ANOVA uses the ratio of variance due to treatment to error to see if the treatment and an effect : If variation that results from the treatment is greater than random variation when we conclude.

Question 9

The logic of the ANOVA

Answer 9

1) variability within group 2) how much do the groups differ 3) compare between and within gives us a ratio of variance 4) gives you the probability on if its significant.

Question 10

If there is a significant F-ratio

Answer 10

You can look at the means. But three or more groups you must do a post-hoc test.

Question 11

Post Hoc test

Answer 11

Compares different combonations of scores to enter calculating and reporting significance effects.

Question 12

Measuring effect size-Repeated measures ANOVA

Answer 12

Same subjects are tested more that once. Therefore between treatments represents variability due to the treatment alone in error. To compensate for this, it is gives an estimate of variability due to individual difference is seperated from the denominator.

Question 13

Assumptions of repeated measuresANOVA

Answer 13

Observation within each condition are independent. Population distribution within each treatment and equivalent.