Decision-Making Part 2

Question 1

When someone shows a strong preference for a reward (e.g., their enjoyable food, there is greater activation in what region?

Answer 1

VMPFC

Question 2

What region is activated more when their reduction of impulse or self-control?

Answer 2

DLPFC

Question 3

What brain region is associated with external cognition?

Answer 3

DLPFC

ex: solving problem with cue already

Question 4

What region is associated with external complex movements?

Answer 4

premotor area

Question 5

what region is associated with external simple movments?

Answer 5

primary motor cortex

Question 6

What region is associaed with internal cognition?

Answer 6

DMPFC

ex: solving math problem where subject has to decide whether to subtract or add (+ ACC activation)

Question 7

what region is associated with internal complex movements?

Answer 7

pre-supplementary motor area

Question 8

what region is associated with internal-driven simple movements?

Answer 8

supplementary motor area

Question 9

What region is associated with Internally-selected long-term goals?

Answer 9

medial frontopolar cortex (MFPC)

Question 10

what region is associated with internally specified value?

Answer 10

ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC)

Question 11

what is the difference between externally and internally driven decisions?

Answer 11

external - less emotional, outside cues
internal - more emotion, internal desires/cues

Question 12

What is conation?

Answer 12

combines decisions that involve both cognition or external cues and emotional or internal cues to make a purposeful action

Question 13

How would activation in the mediafrontopolar cortex shift laterally?

Answer 13

medial (I want that degree) –> lateral pfc (from a logistical, practical standpoint why do I need that degree)

Question 14

What region was more activated when participants preferred a soda more without external cues (did not know which one it was)?

Answer 14

VMPFC

Question 15

what region activated when they found the sodia brand of the one they liked more when it wasn’t the one they preferred?

ex: pepsi vs coke

Answer 15

DLPFC

Question 16

What regions activated when someone was more likely to reject money offered? more likely to accept?

Answer 16

reject - DMPFC
accept - DLPFC

Question 17

Trolley Problem

What is the region activated when people used the loss-averse strategy of “do no harm”?

Answer 17

medial (dorsomedial) prefrontal cortex

Question 18

Trolley Problem

What region activated more when people used the utilitarian strategy of “greatest good for the greatest number”?

Answer 18

lateral (dorsolateral) prefrontal cortex

Question 19

Trolley Problem

What region activated more when people spent more time deliberating over strategies (can’t decide)?

Answer 19

lateral frontopolar cortex

Question 20

Genetic Contributions

Someone that has carry “long allele” of serotonin transporter gene (5HTTLPR) are blank to the framing effect and have more activation in blank during decisions under risk?

Answer 20

• less susceptible
• DM and VM PFC

Question 21

What does carrying “long allele” of serotonin transporter gene (5HTTLPR) do to the brain?

sequence of events

Answer 21

insertion of gene –> more transcription of serotonin transporter gene –> more transporter –> less neurotransmitter (more reuptake) –> more resistant framing effect –> Greater suppression of amygdala (greater coupling of dmpfc and amygdala)

Question 22

Genetic Contribution

Someone that has carry “short allele” of serotonin transporter gene (5HTTLPR) have blank activation in the amygdala to emotional stimuli, and blank framing effects.

Answer 22

• greater
• more