Emotions Flashcards
(16 cards)
Deep Brain Stimulation
What is the region activated, type of stimulation and type of interaction for this type of stimulation?
- cortical + subcortical
- electrical
- invasive
Transcranial magnetic stimulation
What is the region activated, type of stimulation and type of interaction for this type of stimulation?
- cortical
- magenetic
- non-invasive
Transcranial direct current stimulation
What is the region activated, type of stimulation and type of interaction for this type of stimulation?
- cortical
- electrical
- non-invasive
What is the pathway for emotional/cognitive reappraisal?
VLPFC –> VMPFC –> amygdala + NaC
DMPFC + VFPC –> amygdala + NaC
What are the relative activities in the associated brain regions when there is successful cognitive reappraisal?
- decreased amygdala activity
- increase activity in the nucleus accumbens
When the reappraisal is negative then what is the activity level in the amygdala?
more activity
What regions are part of the limbic system?
hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, nucleus of midbrain and brainstem (PAG, PBN, NT), basal ganglia (striatum; NaC), cingulate (limbic) cortex
PAG - periaqueductal gray
PBN - parabrachial nucleus
NT - nucleus solitarius
what is the difference between the hypothalamus and amygdala?
hypothalamus - senes internal state through blood (blood pressure, osmolarity, temp) and projections from brain stem;
amygdala - senses external environment (sensory cortices) and internal sensations (insula)
What regions of the hippocampus is associated with episodic and spatial memory?
- anterior - episodic
- posterior - spatial
Decreased activity in what regions are associated with decreased symptoms of depression?
- frontopolar cortex
- orbitofrontal cortex
- ventromedial prefrontal cortex (high value of reward)
What regions are associated with the circuit of papez?
- anterior thalamus
- cingulate gyrus
- hypothalamus
- mamillary body
- entorhinal cortex
- amygdala
- hippocampus
- fornix
In the stroop effect when subjects perform the task where the colors do not match the text, what brain region is increased in activity?
dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
What region is associated with gut feeling/emotional forecast?
“somatic maker hypothesis”
emotional forecast - predict emotional outcome of decision
VMPFC
in contrast, DLPFC for externally driven cues
As perceived reward value decreases, activity in blank decreases.
VMPFC
Lesions in what part of the brain are associated with 100% no depression?
VMPFC
interesting since this has to do with reward value
What lesion in the brain is associated with 80% moderate/severe depression?
DMPFC
