Definition of Terms

Question 1

Able to perform individual tests or panels and allows for STAT samples to be added to the run ahead of other specimens

Answer 1

Random Access

Question 2

Samples processed as a group

Answer 2

Batch Analysis

Question 3

Instrument from a single discipline with automated capability

Answer 3

Stand Alone

Question 4

At least two instrument from a single discipline with one controller

Answer 4

Modular Work
Cell

Question 5

Instrument able to perform tests from at least two disciplines (Ex. Architect)

Answer 5

Multiple Platform

Question 6

At least two analytical modules supported by one sample and reagent processing and delivery system

Answer 6

Integrated
Modular System

Question 7

Transports specimens quickly from one location to another

Answer 7

Pneumatic Tube
System

Question 8

Maximum number of tests generated per hour

Answer 8

Throughput

Question 9

Amount of time to generate one result

Answer 9

Turnaround

Question 10

Mechanism for patient /sample identification used for reagent identification by an instrument

Answer 10

Barcoding

Question 11

Amount of serum than cannot be aspirated

Answer 11

Dead Volume

Question 12

The contamination of a sample by a previously aspirated sample

Answer 12

Carry Over

Question 13

Use of preliminary test results to determine if additional tests should be ordered or cancelled on a particular specimen, performed manually or automated.

Answer 13

Reflex Testing

Question 14

• Automated systems exist for laboratories where samples are received, centrifuged, distributed to particular instruments using a conveyor system and loaded into the analyzer without operator assistance.
• This kind of automation is seen in large medical center laboratories and commercial laboratories where the volume of testing is high.

Answer 14

Total Laboratory
Automation

Question 15

COMPUTER HARDWARE

1. Physical parts of computer
2. Central processing unit. Executes software functions
3. Working memory used for temporary storage of programs and data. Content is lost each time computer is turned off.
4. Part of memory that is permanently protected from being modified, erased, or written. Not affected by power loss. Used for boot-level and other system instructions

Answer 15

1. Hardware
2. CPU
3. RAM (Random Access memory)
4. Read only memory

Question 16

Computer hardware

1. Magnetic coated metal plate inside
2. Device that reads data stored on magnetic or optical disk & writes data onto disk for storage.
3. CDs, DVDs. Store data
4. Input/output information storage components
5. Devices that deliver data to computer. Ex. barcode readers, keyboard, computer links (interface)

Answer 16

1. Hard drive
2. Disk drive
3. Optical disks
4. Peripheral devices
5. Input devices

Question 17

Computer hardware

1. Devices by which computer delivers . ex. printer, monitors
2. Input/Output device allows computers to communicate over telephone lines

Answer 17

1. Output devices
2. Modem

Question 18

SOFTWARE

1. Programs that tell computer what to do
2. Program that control basic functions of computer ex. Microsoft windows
3. Programs designed to meet specific needs of users ex. word processing

Answer 18

1. Software
2. Operating system software
3. Application software

Question 19

SOFTWARE

1. Application program that allows for manipulation of text.
2. Application program to manipulate numbers and perform mathematical calculations
3. Application program to organize, store, sort and retrieve data
4. Program that provides access to interneta

Answer 19

1. Word processor
2. Spreadsheet
3. Database
4. Browser

Question 20

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• System of hardware, software, connections & communications protocols to handle all information needs of lab, form intake of requests to delivery of results.
• Provides all laboratory information.

Answer 20

Laboratory information system

Question 21

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Information system to handle all information needs of hospital both clinical and administrative

Answer 21

Hospital information system

Question 22

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• Hardware and software that allow for electronic communication between 2 computer systems even if they use different programming languages.
• The LIS is typically interfaced to HIS and automated analyzers

Answer 22

Interface

Question 23

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• Interface that transmits information in 1 direction.
• Ex. POCT analyzer downloads results to LIS

Answer 23

UnidirectionaI interface

Question 24

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

• Interface that transmits electronic information in 2 directions.
• Ex. LIS downloads orders from the HIS & upload results to the HIS

Answer 24

Bidirectional interface

Question 25

# INFORMATION SYSTEMS * Interface between an analyzer and * LIS. Can apply rules to automated processes. * Ex. autoverification (automatic release of results without review of the medical technologists when certain criteria are met)

Answer 25

Middleware

Question 26

# COMPUTER NETWORKS 1. Computer network that connects computers in close geographic proximity. Ex. Building, campus 1. Computer network that connects computers over larger geographic area ex. Multisite health-care facility, internet 1. Global system of interconnected computer networks 1. Computer network within the organization. Access is usually restricted to employees

Answer 26

Local area network Wide area network Internet Intranet

Question 27

# COMPUTER NETWORKS * Extension of a private network onto the internet where it can be accessed by authorized individuals * Common set of signals and rules that network uses for communication * One of the 1st protocols that networks uses for communication

Answer 27

Extranet Protocol Ethernet

Question 28

● QC storage and functionality ● Support of comprehensive analyzer interface including calculations ● Too to aid in compliance with laboratory regulations ● Capability to share data with third party vendors

Answer 28

LABORATORY INFORMATION SYSTEM

Question 29

Reference Range = 80-125 mg/dL; Reportable Range = 30-1000 mg/dL If Px A = 1400 mg/dL Should you release the result of Px A?

Answer 29

Do not release, DILUTE