Definitions Flashcards
(18 cards)
Phylogenetic classification
Classification of organisms based on their evolutionary relationship and origins
Species richness
Number all of all different species in a community
Index of diversity
Relationship between number all of species and the number of individuals in the species
When calculating index diversity was does the capital and lower case N stand for?
N= total number of all organisms of all species
n=total number all of all organisms of each species
Name the order of taxons
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Order
Family
Genus
Spexies
What is a niche
The species role in an organism
Natural selection
Changes in alleles over many generations in a population
Climax community
Largest and most complex community
Community
All the populations of different species that live and interact and particularly area
Succesion
Process by which ecosystem change and adapt over time
Ecosystem
Community and non living components
What is a gene mutation?
● A change in the base sequence of DNA (on chromosomes)
● Can arise spontaneously during DNA replication (interphase)
What is a mutagenic agent?
A factor that increases rate of gene mutation, eg. ultraviolet (UV) light or alpha particles
Universal
same base triplets code for the same amino acids in all organisms
Non-overlapping
*Each base is part of only one triplet
*so each triplet is read as a discrete unit
Degenerate
more than one base triplet can code for same amino acid
Describe features of homologous chromosomes
Same length, same genes at same loci, but may have different alleles
Describe the difference between diploid and haploid cells
● Diploid - has 2 complete sets of chromosomes, represented as 2n
● Haploid - has a single set of unpaired chromosomes, represented as n
