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psyc 1 exam 3 > definitions from bk chapter 11 > Flashcards

definitions from bk chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Emotion:

A

Emotion: a class of subjective feelings elicited by stimuli that have high significance to an individual.

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2
Q

Fight-or-flight response:

A

a reaction to danger in which the busy pathetic nervous system prepares the organs for vigorous activity.

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3
Q

Corticosteroids:

A

hormones produced in the adrenal cortex in reaction to stress,Corticosteroids: hormones produced in the adrenal cortex in reaction to stress,

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4
Q

Catecholamines:

A

stress hormones released by the adrenal gland.

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5
Q

Yerkes Dodson law:

A

a theory that performance is best at medium levels of arousal.

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6
Q

Polygraph:

A

a machine that uses physiological measurements to detect lies.

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7
Q

galvanic skin response (GSR):

A

a measurement of the conductivity of your skin.

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8
Q

Anthropomorphism:

A

assigning human emotions or behaviors to nonhumans.

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9
Q

Catastrophic thinking:

A

a cognitive distortion of the scale and impact of a stressful event.

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10
Q

Amygdala:

A

a cluster of neurons in the temporal lobe liked to emotions such as anger and fear.

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11
Q

Basic emotions:

A

feeling states that are thought to be expressed in a universal way.

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12
Q

Facial feedback hypothesis:

A

Facial feedback hypothesis: a theory that suggests that the position of the facial muscles influences emotional expression.

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13
Q

Biopsychosocial model:

A

a theory that recognizes three equally important aspects of human mental process and behaviors: biological (including brain chemistry), psychological (thoughts, emotions, and behaviors), and social (cultural and societal influences)

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14
Q

James-Lange theory:

A

a concept of emotion that suggests that emotions are composed of our awareness of biological reactions to stimuli .

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15
Q

Cannon-bard theory:

A

a theory of emotion that suggests that events course emotions by triggering biological and psychological experiences of emotions at the same time.

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16
Q

Schacter-singer two- factor theory:

A

a theory of emotion that suggests that feelings are a combination of body arousal and how we think about arousal.

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17
Q

Cognitive-mediational theory of emotion:

A

a theory that feelings are accused by what we think caused our thoughts.

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18
Q

Display rules:

A

guidelines about how one should express emotions.

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19
Q

Emotional intelligence:

A

the capacity to understand and manage your own feelings as well as the feelings of others

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20
Q

Frustration-aggression hypothesis:

A

early theory of anger Frustration-aggression hypothesis:early theory of anger suggesting that anger is a reaction to a goal blocked or unattained.

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21
Q

Frustration:

A

anxiety felt when attempt to reach a goal are hindered.

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22
Q

Aggression:

A

words or physical acts a person does in order to cause harm.

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23
Q

Catharsis:

A

a release of pent-up emotions

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24
Q

Triangular theory of love:

A

Sternberg’s theory that relationships ate composed of three components : intimacy, passion, commitment.

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25
Q

Stress:

A

a response that occurs from events seen as a challenge.

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26
Q

Stressors:

A

anything perceived as a challenge.

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27
Q

Acute stressors:

A

brief events that require a person of coping.

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28
Q

long-lasting events that require

A

Chronic stressors: adaption.

29
Q

Cope:

A

to reduce the impact of an event.

30
Q

Daily hassles (microstressors):

A

minor irritations that produce stress.

31
Q

Conflict:

A

a situation that involves imp compatible objectives.

32
Q

Approach-approach conflict:

A

a situation in which a decision must be made between two incompatible choices that both have positive features.

33
Q

Avoidance-avoidance conflict:

A

a situation in which a decision must be made between must be made between two undesirable choices.

34
Q

Approach-avoidance:

A

a situation in which a decision must be made about a goal that has both positive and negative features.

35
Q

Multiple-approach-avoidance conflict:

A

a situation one hi a decision must be made between many choices, each with positive and negative consequences.

36
Q

Acculturation stress:

A

the anxiety felt in response to challenges from new cultural expectations.

37
Q

General adaptation syndrome (GAS):

A

Selye’s term for the body stress response that occurs in three stages : alarm, resistance and exhaustion.

38
Q

Psychosomatic disease:

A

disorders in which a real medical syndrome is exacerbated by psychological factors. Aka : psycholphysiological illness.

39
Q

Type A personality:

A

a style characterized by difficulty relaxing, impatience, and anger when delayed.

40
Q

Type B personality:

A

a style characterized by being relaxing about time, slow to anger, and relative ease at relaxing.

41
Q

Coronary heart disease:

A

a medical condition that results in narrowing of the vessels that supply blood to the heart.

42
Q

Immune system:

A

processes the body uses to protect again disease.

43
Q

Lymphocytes:

A

a type of cell involved in the immune system that works to attack foreign substances.

44
Q

Immunosuppression:

A

wreaking the immune response.

45
Q

Coping:

A

efforts to reduce the impact of stressors

46
Q

Negative coping:

A

engaging in behaviors that are unhealthy and can make matters worse.

47
Q

Internet addiction:

A

excessive use of computer systems that causes impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning.

48
Q

Learned helplessness:

A

when an animal fails to take action to escape a noxious stimulus.

49
Q

Emotion-focused coping:

A

a reaction to stress that involves managing the feelings that arise from the situation.

50
Q

Problem-focused coping:

A

a reaction to stress that involves the management of the event causing the stress.

51
Q

Constructive coping:

A

healthy efforts to reduce the impact of stressor.

52
Q

Aerobics exercise:

A

physical activity that increases the capability of the heart and lungs.

53
Q

Health psychology:

A

a branch of psychology that is concerned with how psychological factors impact wellness, illness, and medical treatments.

54
Q

Behavioral medicine:

A

an interdisciplinary field concerned with health and illness that combines knowledge of social and medical sciences.

55
Q

Biofeedback:

A

a procedure through which a person becomes aware of physiological functions in order to influence the physiological functions.

56
Q

Positive psychology:

A

a branch of psychology that studies human strengths.

57
Q

Subjective well-being:

A

a feeling of satisfaction with life and happiness.

58
Q

Feel-good, do-good phenomenon

A

the theory that people are more likely to be helpful if they are happy.

59
Q

Adaptation-level phenomenon:

A

the ability to adapt to new situation so that the new situation becomes the norm.

60
Q

Relative deprivation:

A

the opinion that a person is worse off than a comparison group.

61
Q

Hardiness:

A

a personality style characterized by commitment, challenge, and control.

62
Q

Social support:

A

the help provided by others.

63
Q

Explanatory style:

A

reflects what you think caused an event. Explanatory style can be either optimistic or pessimistic.

64
Q

Internal locus of control:

A

the idea that your reinforcers and punishments are under your own control.

65
Q

External locus of control:

A

the idea that reinforcers and punishments are outside of your control.

66
Q

Pessimistic explanatory style:

A

a way of explains negative events by using internal, stable, and global attributions.

67
Q

Locus of control:

A

your idea of the source of reinforcement and punishment.

68
Q

Optimistic explanatory style:

A

a way of explaining negative events by using external, unstable and specific attributions.

psyc 1 exam 3 (6 decks)

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