definitions from bk chapter 11

Question 1

Emotion:

Answer 1

Emotion: a class of subjective feelings elicited by stimuli that have high significance to an individual.

Question 2

Fight-or-flight response:

Answer 2

a reaction to danger in which the busy pathetic nervous system prepares the organs for vigorous activity.

Question 3

Corticosteroids:

Answer 3

hormones produced in the adrenal cortex in reaction to stress,Corticosteroids: hormones produced in the adrenal cortex in reaction to stress,

Question 4

Catecholamines:

Answer 4

stress hormones released by the adrenal gland.

Question 5

Yerkes Dodson law:

Answer 5

a theory that performance is best at medium levels of arousal.

Question 6

Polygraph:

Answer 6

a machine that uses physiological measurements to detect lies.

Question 7

galvanic skin response (GSR):

Answer 7

a measurement of the conductivity of your skin.

Question 8

Anthropomorphism:

Answer 8

assigning human emotions or behaviors to nonhumans.

Question 9

Catastrophic thinking:

Answer 9

a cognitive distortion of the scale and impact of a stressful event.

Question 10

Amygdala:

Answer 10

a cluster of neurons in the temporal lobe liked to emotions such as anger and fear.

Question 11

Basic emotions:

Answer 11

feeling states that are thought to be expressed in a universal way.

Question 12

Facial feedback hypothesis:

Answer 12

Facial feedback hypothesis: a theory that suggests that the position of the facial muscles influences emotional expression.

Question 13

Biopsychosocial model:

Answer 13

a theory that recognizes three equally important aspects of human mental process and behaviors: biological (including brain chemistry), psychological (thoughts, emotions, and behaviors), and social (cultural and societal influences)

Question 14

James-Lange theory:

Answer 14

a concept of emotion that suggests that emotions are composed of our awareness of biological reactions to stimuli .

Question 15

Cannon-bard theory:

Answer 15

a theory of emotion that suggests that events course emotions by triggering biological and psychological experiences of emotions at the same time.

Question 16

Schacter-singer two- factor theory:

Answer 16

a theory of emotion that suggests that feelings are a combination of body arousal and how we think about arousal.

Question 17

Cognitive-mediational theory of emotion:

Answer 17

a theory that feelings are accused by what we think caused our thoughts.

Question 18

Display rules:

Answer 18

guidelines about how one should express emotions.

Question 19

Emotional intelligence:

Answer 19

the capacity to understand and manage your own feelings as well as the feelings of others

Question 20

Frustration-aggression hypothesis:

Answer 20

early theory of anger Frustration-aggression hypothesis:early theory of anger suggesting that anger is a reaction to a goal blocked or unattained.

Question 21

Frustration:

Answer 21

anxiety felt when attempt to reach a goal are hindered.

Question 22

Aggression:

Answer 22

words or physical acts a person does in order to cause harm.

Question 23

Catharsis:

Answer 23

a release of pent-up emotions

Question 24

Triangular theory of love:

Answer 24

Sternberg’s theory that relationships ate composed of three components : intimacy, passion, commitment.

Question 25

Stress:

Answer 25

a response that occurs from events seen as a challenge.

Question 26

Stressors:

Answer 26

anything perceived as a challenge.

Question 27

Acute stressors:

Answer 27

brief events that require a person of coping.

Question 28

long-lasting events that require

Answer 28

Chronic stressors: adaption.

Question 29

Cope:

Answer 29

to reduce the impact of an event.

Question 30

Daily hassles (microstressors):

Answer 30

minor irritations that produce stress.

Question 31

Conflict:

Answer 31

a situation that involves imp compatible objectives.

Question 32

Approach-approach conflict:

Answer 32

a situation in which a decision must be made between two incompatible choices that both have positive features.

Question 33

Avoidance-avoidance conflict:

Answer 33

a situation in which a decision must be made between must be made between two undesirable choices.

Question 34

Approach-avoidance:

Answer 34

a situation in which a decision must be made about a goal that has both positive and negative features.

Question 35

Multiple-approach-avoidance conflict:

Answer 35

a situation one hi a decision must be made between many choices, each with positive and negative consequences.

Question 36

Acculturation stress:

Answer 36

the anxiety felt in response to challenges from new cultural expectations.

Question 37

General adaptation syndrome (GAS):

Answer 37

Selye's term for the body stress response that occurs in three stages : alarm, resistance and exhaustion.

Question 38

Psychosomatic disease:

Answer 38

disorders in which a real medical syndrome is exacerbated by psychological factors. Aka : psycholphysiological illness.

Question 39

Type A personality:

Answer 39

a style characterized by difficulty relaxing, impatience, and anger when delayed.

Question 40

Type B personality:

Answer 40

a style characterized by being relaxing about time, slow to anger, and relative ease at relaxing.

Question 41

Coronary heart disease:

Answer 41

a medical condition that results in narrowing of the vessels that supply blood to the heart.

Question 42

Immune system:

Answer 42

processes the body uses to protect again disease.

Question 43

Lymphocytes:

Answer 43

a type of cell involved in the immune system that works to attack foreign substances.

Question 44

Immunosuppression:

Answer 44

wreaking the immune response.

Question 45

Coping:

Answer 45

efforts to reduce the impact of stressors

Question 46

Negative coping:

Answer 46

engaging in behaviors that are unhealthy and can make matters worse.

Question 47

Internet addiction:

Answer 47

excessive use of computer systems that causes impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning.

Question 48

Learned helplessness:

Answer 48

when an animal fails to take action to escape a noxious stimulus.

Question 49

Emotion-focused coping:

Answer 49

a reaction to stress that involves managing the feelings that arise from the situation.

Question 50

Problem-focused coping:

Answer 50

a reaction to stress that involves the management of the event causing the stress.

Question 51

Constructive coping:

Answer 51

healthy efforts to reduce the impact of stressor.

Question 52

Aerobics exercise:

Answer 52

physical activity that increases the capability of the heart and lungs.

Question 53

Health psychology:

Answer 53

a branch of psychology that is concerned with how psychological factors impact wellness, illness, and medical treatments.

Question 54

Behavioral medicine:

Answer 54

an interdisciplinary field concerned with health and illness that combines knowledge of social and medical sciences.

Question 55

Biofeedback:

Answer 55

a procedure through which a person becomes aware of physiological functions in order to influence the physiological functions.

Question 56

Positive psychology:

Answer 56

a branch of psychology that studies human strengths.

Question 57

Subjective well-being:

Answer 57

a feeling of satisfaction with life and happiness.

Question 58

Feel-good, do-good phenomenon

Answer 58

the theory that people are more likely to be helpful if they are happy.

Question 59

Adaptation-level phenomenon:

Answer 59

the ability to adapt to new situation so that the new situation becomes the norm.

Question 60

Relative deprivation:

Answer 60

the opinion that a person is worse off than a comparison group.

Question 61

Hardiness:

Answer 61

a personality style characterized by commitment, challenge, and control.

Question 62

Social support:

Answer 62

the help provided by others.

Question 63

Explanatory style:

Answer 63

reflects what you think caused an event. Explanatory style can be either optimistic or pessimistic.

Question 64

Internal locus of control:

Answer 64

the idea that your reinforcers and punishments are under your own control.

Question 65

External locus of control:

Answer 65

the idea that reinforcers and punishments are outside of your control.

Question 66

Pessimistic explanatory style:

Answer 66

a way of explains negative events by using internal, stable, and global attributions.

Question 67

Locus of control:

Answer 67

your idea of the source of reinforcement and punishment.

Question 68

Optimistic explanatory style:

Answer 68

a way of explaining negative events by using external, unstable and specific attributions.