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psyc 1 exam 3 > Definitions from the book chapter 10 > Flashcards

Definitions from the book chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Industrial and organizational psyc:

A

Industrial and organizational psyc: fired of study addressing the psyc of work

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2
Q

Hawthorne effect:

A

improvement in a test group (compared to a control group) caused by the increase interest shown toward them

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3
Q

Personnel psyc:

A

field focusing on the selection, training, and evaluation of employees.

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4
Q

Job analysis:

A

determination of the tasks, knowledge, skills, and abilities needed in a job.

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5
Q

Realistic job preview:

A

a potential employee samples the work experience to determine his or her interest in a job

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6
Q

Interviewer illusion:

A

belief in ones own intuitive abilities to find a good candidates in the absence of evidence.

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7
Q

Job burnout:

A

a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stress on the job.

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8
Q

Engagement:

A

feelings of involvement and interest in work

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9
Q

Flow:

A

a state if mind arising during activities when the challenge of the task is met by expertise.

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10
Q

360-degree feedback:

A

evaluation ethos that solicits input form everyone who interacts with an employee.

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11
Q

Organizational psyc:

A

field examining how the structure of jobs and the workplace affects the success of group efforts

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12
Q

Sexual harassment:

A

unwelcomed sexual comments or advances imposed in the workplace.

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13
Q

Equity theory:

A

the notion that ppl want their effort and pay to be fair compared to that of others.

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14
Q

Process loss:

A

time a groups spends coordinating discussions rather than working in the task itself.

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15
Q

Calling:

A

choice of occupation you feel drawn to pursue for intricate meaning and identity.

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16
Q

Need to belong:

A

Motivation go feel part of relationships or groups of ppl.

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17
Q

Social rejection:

A

exclusion from contract by other causes emotional pain.

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18
Q

Esteem motivation:

A

desire to feel appreciation from others.

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19
Q

Achievement motivation:

A

a desire to accomplish difficult jobs in an area with a standard of excellence

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20
Q

Thematic apperception test (TAT) :

A

an indirect test measuring ur fantasies about the outcome of situations, reflecting ur motivations.

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21
Q

Need for achievement:

A

desire to succeed at challenging tasks

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22
Q

Achievement gap:

A

the difference in U.S school test scores and grades for white compared to African American children.

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23
Q

Mindset:

A

a belief about yourself and you abilities, such as intelligence. Talents, and personality.

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24
Q

Fixed mindset:

A

the belief that your trait are predetermined and nothing can change them

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25
Q

Growth Mindset:

A

belied that our qualities and capacities develop through efforts.

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26
Q

Persistence:

A

the ability to repeatedly respond to failure by exerting more effort.

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27
Q

Humanistic psychology:

A

theories of motivation emphasizing the goal to develop to the highest potential for each individual

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28
Q

Self- determination theory:

A

motivation involves integrating new behaviors into internal values.

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29
Q

Mating:

A

male-to-female intercourse for the purpose of reproduction.

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30
Q

Human sexual response cycle:

A

phases of excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution that complete a sexual act.

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31
Q

Excitement phase:

A

sexual arousal begin with blood circulation into the erectile structures in the body.

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32
Q

Vasocongestion:

A

blood circulates into all the erectile structures in the body ( e.g penis, clitoris, nipples)

33
Q

Plateau phase:

A

the second stage of the sexual response cycle, during inch there’s is a leveling off of excitement.

34
Q

Organismic phase:

A

the climax of arousal during which orgasm and ejaculation occur.

35
Q

Resolution phase:

A

final stage of the sexual response cycle, during which excitement levels return to base rate.

36
Q

Refractory period:

A

period of time following orgasm during which makes cannot achieve another.

37
Q

Sexual disorder:=

A

problems occurring in the sexual response cycle.

38
Q

Testosterone:

A

the male sex hormone that stimulates production of sperm and sex drive in males and females.

39
Q

Oxytocin:

A

feel good hormone release after orgasm

40
Q

Sex norms:

A

typical behaviors observed across ppl.

41
Q

Sublimation:

A

the notion that sexual urges may be disguised by pursuing more acceptable behaviors

42
Q

Sexual peak:

A

the highest point of interest and engagement in sex.

43
Q

Reproductive strategies:

A

the preferences males and females show in their mailing behavior.

44
Q

Paternal uncertainty:

A

historically, men could not be sure whether a child was their genetic offspring.

45
Q

Parental investment theory:

A

the required investment in offspring btwn genders, resulting differing strategies.

46
Q

Fertile:

A

a female able to conceive and bear children

47
Q

Status:

A

high economic and social status with the group is a desirable quality male mates.

48
Q

Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR):

A

a woman’s waist size divided by hip size gives an index of figure shape

49
Q

Heterosexuality :

A

a person who desires emotional and sexual desire with member of the opposite sex.

50
Q

Sexual orientation:

A

the gender preferred for emotional sexual intimacy-same sex, opposite sex, or bisexual sex

51
Q

Continuum of sexual orientation:

A

most ppl report falling somewhere in the range from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual

52
Q

Homosexual:

A

a person who desires emotional and sexual intimacy with member of the same sex.

53
Q

Bisexual :

A

a person with more than incidental involvement with both male and female partners.

54
Q

Coming out:

A

sharing one’s same-sex orientation with other or the public .

55
Q

Estrogen:

A

the hormone central to female sexual development and fertility.

56
Q

Exotic becomes erotic:

A

Bem’s theory that typical gender preferences lead to less exposure to the opposite sex and thus later attraction.

57
Q

Self-regulation:

A

the ability to control behavior through intentional strategies.

58
Q

Delay of gratification:

A

the ability to postpone rewards until a later time.

59
Q

Motivation:

A

an inner state that energizes ppl toward the fulfillment of a goal

60
Q

Motive:

A

the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain or displeasure..

61
Q

Instinct theories:

A

motivation from biologically programmed behaviors occurring in response to environmental cues. Motivation as inborn programmed behaviors occurring in response to a cue.

62
Q

Evolutionary psychologist:

A

a research who applies the theory of evolution to explain the psychology behind behaviors.

63
Q

Universals:

A

behaviors that all people perform regardless of their cultures.

64
Q

Evolved behaviors:

A

behaviors selected over generations to best fit the environment.

65
Q

Drive:

A

a tension arising from within physiological systems that motivates action.

66
Q

Homeostasis:

A

the process of maintaining a stable of balanced physiological System over time

67
Q

Drive theory:

A

a theory that states of tension motivate is to take action to reduce them.

68
Q

Arousal theory:

A

the theory that we are motivated to seek out a particular level of arousal.

69
Q

Optimal arousal:

A

a level of activation that is sufficient but not overwhelming.

70
Q

Yerkes-Dodson law of arousal:

A

the theory that performance is best at medium levels of arousal.

71
Q

Incentive theories:

A

motivation that focuses on the reward or payoff for behaviors.

72
Q

Incentive:

A

the rewards and punishments associated with different actions That lure ppl into taking action.

73
Q

Instinctive incentives:

A

feeling of reward created within the individual.

74
Q

Intrinsic motivation:

A

the desire to perform behaviors for an internal reward.

75
Q

Extrinsic incentives:

A

rewards (such as pay) given to motivate ppl to perform certain behaviors.

76
Q

Extrinsic motivation:

A

the desire to gain external rewards for behavior.

77
Q

Over justification effects:

A

when a task provides an extrinsic reward, no intrinsic motivation is needed.

78
Q

Hierarchy of needs:

A

maslow’s theory that each level of need depends on satisfying lower levels.

79
Q
A

Maslow’s concept that the highest need is to fulfill individual potential….. The goal of fulfilling your potential or “being all you can be”

psyc 1 exam 3 (6 decks)

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