Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Dermatology > Dermatitis > Flashcards

Dermatitis Flashcards

(45 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What do you give for allergic rash

A

Anti-histamine
Steroid
Query urticaria ??

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is dermatitis and where does it tend to affect

A

Papules and vesicles on erythematous base
Flexures
Face and neck in baby

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can causes be

A

Endogenous
- Atopic = most common
Exogenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is pathology behind atopic dermatitis

A

Genetics - FH atopy
Enviornment
Epidermal barrier dysfunction due to fliggarin dysfunction that allows allergens and irritants to enter causing immune response and water to be lost

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What genetics

A

Fligarrin gene
Fliggarin binds keratin and produces moisture
Atopic FH - asthma / hay fever / food allergy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What histology

A

Spongiosis (intracellular oedema) within epidermis
Acanthosis (thickening of epidermis)
Inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is classification of atopic

A

Itchy skin condition in last 2 months + 3 of

  • Onset <2
  • Flexural involvement
  • Hx dry skin
  • Hx atopy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are clinical features

A 
Itchy dry skin condition
Affects flexures
Face, eyelids + neck = common in infants 
Antecubital and popliteal fossa 
Can affect wrist, hands and ankles 
Tend to spare nappy area
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are acute changes

A 
Erythema
Dry scale patches 
Papule
Vesicules
Weepy (Exudative)
Exudates, crusting and excoriation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are chronic changes

A

Lithification - papular eruption due to scratching / thickening
Plaque
Fissures
Hypo and hyper pigmentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are nail changes

A

Ridging
Pitting
Paronychia
Onycholysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What causes acute flares

A 
Viral illness
Stress
Environment
Food allergy
Pet allergy 
Teething
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are exogenous types of exzema

A

Allergic Contact = child sensitised
Irritant contact = repeat contact
Lichen simplex
Photoallergic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What causes contact dermatitis

A

Irritant or allergic
Type 4 hypersensitivity
APC takes allergic to LN and present to T cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are features

A

Can take 48-72 hours to develop
Erythema common
Crusting and vesicles are rare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can you Dx

A

Skin patch set with potential allergen
IgE
Skin swab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you Rx

A

Potent steroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are other endogenous causes

A 
Discoid
Venous / varicose 
Seborrheic
Pomphoylx
Asteatotic Eczema herpeticum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is discoid

Study These Flashcards
A

Circular plaques of eczema

Can develop at trauma / irritation sites

20
Q

What cause venous eczema

Study These Flashcards
A 
Increased venous pressure due to venous stasis 
Lymph oedema
Varicose veins
Chronic swelling
RT in children
21
Q

What helps

Study These Flashcards
A

Emollient
Topical steroids
Compression stockings

22
Q

What does seborrheic dermatitis tend to affect

Study These Flashcards
A

Affects areas rich in sebaceous glands
Scalp / proximal flexures / face
Usually <6 months and clears without Rx
In adults associated with Malasseizia yeast

23
Q

What are features

Study These Flashcards
A

Erythematous, sharply marginated lesions
Dermatitis + dry crusted skin
Covered with greasy looking scales
In children causes cradle cap (dry, flaky, erythematous with coarse yellow scale)

24
Q

What may develop in children

Study These Flashcards
A

Otitis externa

Blepharitis

25
What is associated in adults
HIV - test if severe Parkinsonism - can improve with L-dopa
26
How do you Rx
Cradle cap - Baby oil then brushing of or white petroleum jelly over night - Topical anti-fungal if doesn't work Scalp - Anti-fungal shampoo - Topical steroid if severe itch Face and body - Topical anti-fungal - Topical steroid short term - Recurrence common
27
What is pomphoylx eczema and what does it require
``` Very itch Sudden onset crops of vesicles Palms and soles Can lead to desquamation Requires intense steroid ```
28
What is asteatotic eczema
Very dry skin Common with hot climate or excessive washing Shins commonly involved
29
What causes eczema herpeticum
Disseminated viral infection - HSV or VZV on top of eczema | Common in children with atopic eczema where virus is able to enter skin
30
How does it present
``` Itchy clusters of blisters and erosions Widespread painful vesicular rash Fever Lethargy Irritable NOT itchy Swollen LN / lymphadenopathy ```
31
How do you Rx
Can swab to confirm Oral or IV acyclovir if severe Ax if bacterial superinfection on top
32
What is maintenance Rx for atopic dermatitis
Avoid exacerbating factor Emollient (moisturer) to create artificial barrier Soap substitute Intermittent topical steroid for flare up = main stay
33
How d you treat flare up's
Thicker emollient Topical steroid Wet wraps of emollient left over night Treat any complications e.g. bacterial infection IV Ax or oral steroid may be required in very severe
34
What are different potencies of steroid and what should you aim for
Weakest cream which controls symptoms for shortest period of time Use once daily then alternate days Can ue 2x daily if stubborn ``` Hydrocortisone = mild Eumovate = moderate Betamethasone = potent Dermovate = very potent ```
35
What are other Rx options
``` Calcineurin inhibitors - topical tacrolimus UVB light / phototherapy Coal tar Immunosuppression - Steroid if severe and non-responsive - Methotrexate - Azathioprine - Ciclosporin Biologic = last resort ```
36
What may you need depending on cause
Anti-histmiane if allergic for symptom relief Anti-microbial if infection on top Anti-viral if HSV
37
What if future
Biologics
38
What suggests will have severe eczema
``` 3-6 months affected Severe childhood Associated atopy Small family High IgE ```
39
What is very common on top of eczema
``` Bacterial infection - crusted / weepy Can get viral infection - Molluscum contagiosa - Viral warts - Eczema herpeticum ```
40
How do you treat
FLucloxacillin
41
In contrast to contact dermatitis how would you test for food allergy
``` Diary IgE Skin prick = most snesitive Patch Dietary elimination ```
42
What is immediate reaction in allergy
``` Lip swelling Urticaria Facial redness and itchy Angioedema Anaphylaxis ```
43
What is late reaction
``` Worsening of eczema unresponsive to Rx GI problems FTT Severe generalised itch If this happens think food allergy ```
44
What should children with unresponsive exzemca get
Rx of hydrolysed milk especially if FTT / GI symptoms
45
DDX of itchy eruption
``` Eczema Psoriasis Scabies Urticaria Allergic reaction Autoimmune - lichen Plansu ```

Dermatology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions