Dermatologic Problems in the Newborn

Question 1

Benign; self-limiting eruption; usually appears within the first 2 days of life

Answer 1

Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum

Question 1

Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum is also known as

Answer 1

fleabite dermatitis or newborn rash

Question 2

is Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum benign or malignant?

Answer 2

benign

Question 3

Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum usually appears within the

Answer 3

first 2 days of life

Question 4

Description of Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum

Answer 4

1-3 mm lesion; firm, pale yellow or white papules or pustules on an erythematous base

Question 5

Fill in the blanks:
Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum commonly disappears in ________________ and reappears ___________________

Answer 5

one location; elsewhere hours later

Question 6

Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum appears on the?

Answer 6

face, proximal extremities, trunk, and buttocks

Question 7

does Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum have systemic manifestations?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum rash lasts?

Answer 8

5-7 days

Question 9

cause of Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum

Answer 9

Cause is unknown also numerous eosinophils and absence of neutrophils is noted on smear of pustule

Question 10

Nursing Care Management for Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum

Answer 10

• No treatment necessary
• Reassure parents that it is benign and transient in nature

Question 11

Candidiasis is also known as

Answer 11

Moniliasis

Question 12

Candidiasis is caused by

Answer 12

candida albicans

Question 13

Acquisition of Candidiasis

Answer 13

1. Can be acquired from a maternal vaginal infection during delivery
2. By person-to-pers on transmission
3. From contaminated hands, bottles, nipples or other articles
4. Usually benign and is often confined to oral and diaper regions

Question 14

Characterized by white adherent patches on the tongue, palate and inner aspects of the cheeks

Answer 14

ORAL CANDIDIASIS (THRUSH)

Question 15

Happens when oral flora are altered as a result of antibiotic therapy or poor hand washing by the caregiver

Answer 15

ORAL CANDIDIASIS (THRUSH)

Question 16

Description of Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

Answer 16

white adherent patches on the tongue, palate and inner aspects of the cheeks

Question 17

cause of Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

Answer 17

Happens when oral flora are altered as a result of antibiotic therapy or poor hand washing by the caregiver

Question 18

Infant may refuse to suck because of pain in the mouth

Answer 18

Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

Question 19

Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

Self-limiting; spontaneous resolution within ________________

Answer 19

2 months

Question 20

Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

By this time (2 months), lesions may spread to the _________________________________________________

Answer 20

larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs and along the GI tract

Question 21

Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

Disease is treated with _____________________________________________________________________________________________

Answer 21

good hygiene, application of fungicide, and correction of underlying disturbance

Question 22

General Nursing Care Management for Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)

Answer 22

Directed toward preventing spread of infection and correct application of the prescribed topical medication

Question 23

Nursing Care Management for Oral Candidiasis (Thrush)
Diaper Area

Answer 23

Keep diaper area clean and apply medication to affected areas as prescribed

Question 24

Nursing Care Management for Oral Candidiasis (Thrush) Meds - ________________ is administered after feedings - Medication is distributed over the_______________________________ and _____ with an applicator or syringe - The remainder of the dose is deposited in the ___________ to be swallowed by the infant to treat any gastrointestinal lesions

Answer 24

Oral Nystatin; surface of the oral mucosa; tongue; mouth

Question 25

Nursing Care Management for Oral Candidiasis (Thrush) GOOD HYGIENE CARE - RINSE INFANT'S MOUTH WITH _____________ AFTER EACH FEEDING BEFORE APPLYING MEDICATION - BOIL REUSABLE NIPPLES AND BOTTLES FOR AT LEAST _______________________ AFTER THOROUGH WASHING - PACIFIERS SHOULD BE BOILED FOR _____________________________________ - _____________ OF BREAST-FEEDING MOTHERS SHOULD BE TREATED TO PREVENT REINFECTION

Answer 25

PLAIN WATER ; 20 MINUTES; AT LEAST 20 MINUTES ONCE DAILY; NIPPLES

Question 26

ONE OF THE MOST SERIOUS VIRAL INFECTIONS MORTALITY RATE 60% (DISSEMINATED DISEASE)

Answer 26

HERPES

Question 27

Types of Herpes

Answer 27

1. SKIN, EYE & MOUTH; 2. LOCALIZED CNS DISEASE; 3. DISSEMINATED INFECTION (MULTIPLE SITES)

Question 28

______________ OF HSV TRANSMISSION OCCURS DURING DELIVERY

Answer 28

86%-90%

Question 29

86%-90% OF HSV TRANSMISSION OCCURS DURING ________________

Answer 29

DELIVERY

Question 30

Description of Herpes

Answer 30

RASH APPEARS AS VESICLES OR PUSTULES ON AN ERYTHEMATOUS BASE

Question 31

COMMONLY THE PRIMARY SIRE OF INFECTION OF HERPES

Answer 31

FETAL SCALP MONITORING SITE

Question 32

HERPES MAY ALSO MANIFEST OPTHALMOLOGIC CLINICAL FINDINGS SUCH AS?

Answer 32

CHORIORETINITIS, MICROPTHALMIA

Question 33

IN HERPES, CNS INVOLVEMENT COULD OCCUR SUCH AS

Answer 33

MICROCEPHALY ENCEPHALOMALACIA

Question 34

AN INFECTIOUS SUPERFICIAL SKIN CONDITION

Answer 34

BULLOUS IMPETIGO

Question 35

CAUSATIVE AGENT OF BULLOUS IMPETIGO

Answer 35

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 36

DESCRIPTION OF BULLOUS IMPETIGO

Answer 36

ERUPTED BULLOUS VESICULAR LESIONS ON INTACT SKIN

Question 37

USUAL DISTRIBUTION OF BULLOUS IMPETIGO INCLUDES

Answer 37

BUTTOCKS, PERINEUM, TRUNK, FACE & EXTREMITIES

Question 38

SIZE OF BULLOUS IMPETIGO

Answer 38

VARY IN SIZE FROM A FEW MILLIMETERS TO SEVERAL CENTIMETERS

Question 39

IN BULLOUS IMPETIGO, RUPTURED BULLAE LEAVES A

Answer 39

SUPERFICIAL RED, MOIST, DENUDED AREA WITH LITTLE CRUSTING

Question 40

IN BULLOUS IMPETIGO, RECOVERY IS

Answer 40

RAPID AND UNEVENTFUL

Question 41

TREATMENT OF BULLOUS IMPETIGO

Answer 41

- ORAL ANTIBIOTICS - TOPICAL APPLICATION OF MUPIROCIN

Question 42

NURSING CARE MANAGEMENT OF BULLOUS IMPETIGO

Answer 42

- ISOLATION UNTIL THERAPY IS INSTITUTED - HAND WASHING AND STANDARD PRECAUTION - ELBOW RESTRAINTS OR APPLYING MITTENS TO PREVENT SCRATCHING THE LESIONS - IF RESTRAINTS ARE USED, INFANT IS ALLOWED FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT AT SUPERVISED TIMES - ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF CARE INCLUDE ROCKING, CUDDLING AND HOLDING DURING FEEDING

Question 43

Discoloration of the skin

Answer 43

BIRTHMARKS

Question 44

NURSING CARE MANAGEMENT OF BIRTHMARKS

Answer 44

- EXPLAIN TO THE FAMILY THE TYPE OF LESION, SIGNIFICANCE AND POSSIBLE TREATMENT - IF LASER THERAPY IS PERFORMED, LESION WILL HAVE A PURPLISH BLACK APPEARANCE FOR 7-10 DAYS THEN LIGHTENS THEREAFTER - CAUTION PARENTS TO AVOID ANY TRAUMA TO THE LESION OR PICKING AT THE SCAB - TRIM FINGERNAILS OF INFANT AS AN ADDED PRECAUTION - WASH AREA GENTLY WITH WATER AND DRY IT - APPLY TOPICAL ANTIBIOTIC OINTMENT AS PRESCRIBED; AVOID SALICYLATES - KEEP INFANT AWAY FROM THE SUN FOR SEVERAL WEEKS AND PROTECT WITH SUNCREEN (SPF 15) - WATCH OUT FOR SIGNS OF COMPLICATION OF THERAPY SUCH AS INFECTION, KELOID OR PYOGENIC GRANULOMA FORMATION, LOCALIZED DERMATITIS, HYPER- OR HYPOPIGMENTATION