Dermatological Flashcards
(20 cards)
Clark level I
Confined to epidermis
Clark level II
Invasion of papillary dermis
Clark level III
Filling of papillary dermis but not extending into reticular dermis
Clark level IV
Invasion of reticular dermis
Clark level V
Invasion of deep subcutaneous tissue
Breslow’s depth I
≥0.75 mm
Breslow’s depth II
0.76-1.5 mm
Breslow’s depth III
1.51-2.25 mm
Breslow’s depth IV
2.26-3 mm
Breslow’s depth V
> 3 mm
Basal cell carcinoma appearance
- Pearly white papule/plaque
- Overlying telangiectasiae
- Central ulceration
- Raised, rolled border
Management of basal cell carcinoma
- Electrodessication and curettage
- Cryotherapy
- Topical therapy (e.g. fluorouracil)
- Full thickness excisional biopsy
- Mohs surgery
Modified BRE grading
Tubule formation
Nuclear pleomorphism
Mitotic count
Types of melanoma
- Superficial spreading (on women’s legs and men’s torsos, age 30-50)
- Nodular
- Lentigo maligna (on sun-damaged face, elderly)
- Acral lentignous (on palmar/plantar skin, in darker people)
Squamous cell carcinoma appearance
- Red papule/plaque
- May become nodular with warty surface
- Central necrosis and sloughing to become ulcer
- Bleeding
Immunopathology of pemphigus vulgaris
Anti-desmosome IgG antibodies (between keratinocytes)
Immunopathology of bullous pemphigoid
Anti-hemidesmosome IgG antibodies (between epidermis and dermis)
Clinical features of pemphigus vulgaris
- Superficial, painful lesions
- Mouth erosions
- Epistaxis
- Dysphagia/odynophagia
- Conjunctivitis
- Nikolsky’s sign
Clinical features of bullous pemphigoid
Deeper, pruritic lesions
Breast cancer screening
- Women aged 50-74 invited for mammogram every 2 years
- Women aged 40-49 and 75+ can also participate
