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Clinical Medicine > Dermatology 👨🏼‍⚕️ > Flashcards

Dermatology 👨🏼‍⚕️ Flashcards

1
Q

what is psoriatic arthritis

A

inflammatory arthritis affecting joints and connective tissue and is associated with psoriasis of skin or nails

“pencil in cup” radiological feature

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2
Q

mx of psoriatic arthritis

A

NSAIDs and DMARDs

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3
Q

1st and 2nd line systemic treatment for psoriasis

A

1st - methotrexate
2nd - ciclosporin

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4
Q

what nail deformities are associated with psoriasis

A

nail pitting
leukonychia
onycholysis

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5
Q

are systemic retinoids teratogenic? Should they be prescribed in pregnancy or during breastfeeding

A

yes they are teratogenic so NO should not be prescribed

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6
Q

features of acne rosacea

A

common
chronic
facial flushing covering usually cheeks, nose, chin and forehead
usually presents in ages 30-60 and females

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7
Q

how does acne rosacea present

A

red rash consisting of papule and pistules on an erythematous background

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8
Q

what exacerbates rosacea

A

facial flushing causing factors like eating spicy foods, hot weather, sun exposure, stress etc

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9
Q

mx of rosacea

A

general therapies like sunscreen, camouflage cream
topical treatments like azelaic acid, brimonidine and ivermectin
topical antibiotics like metronidazole

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10
Q

urticaria

A

hives

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11
Q

what is psoriasis

A

chronic autoimmune disease characterised by well-demarcated, erythematous, scaly plaques

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12
Q

Cutaneous clinical features of chronic plaque psoriasis

A

Itchy, well-demarcated circular-to-oval bright red/pink elevated lesions (plaques) with overlying white or silvery scale, distributed symmetrically over extensor body surfaces and the scalp.

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13
Q

1st line topical treatment for psoriasis

A

All patients should use an emollient to reduce scale and itch
1st: potent topical corticosteroid OD (eg Betnovate) + topical vitamin D OD (eg Dovonex) applied at different times

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14
Q

characteristic features of basal cell carcinoma

A

round and nodular
skin coloured with a pearly rolled edge
telangicestoma
located on sun exposed areas - head and neck

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15
Q

mx of basal cell carcinoma

A

Management of a BCC depends on its size, location, type and local guidelines - but the majority are managed surgically

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16
Q

what is tinea

A

athletes foot

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17
Q

how is Lyme disease spread

A

tick bites

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18
Q

causes of erythema nodosum

A

NODOSUM
NO cause
Drugs
OCP
Sarcoidosis
Ulcerative colitis/Crohns
Micro: tuberculosis, streptococcus, toxoplasmosis

19
Q

presentation of erythema nodosum

A

tender raised red nodules that usually affect the shin

20
Q

presentation of BCC

A

small, skin-coloured or pink nodule with a central depression
they often have a pearly rolled edge and surface telangiectasia
often located on sun-exposed areas

21
Q

difference between actinic keratosis and seborrheic keratosis

A

AK is lighter in colour and has a silvery appearance
SK has a more greasy appearance ranging in colour from tan/brown to black

22
Q

presentation of seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

classically appears as ill-defined, greasy, flaky scales on an erythematous background

affects in particular the nasolabial folds, scalp and posterior auricular skin

can present with dandruff

23
Q

triggers/risk factors for psoriasis

A

skin trauma
infection
drugs - BALI, Beta-blockers, Antimalarials, lithium, Indomethacin
withdrawal of steroids
stress
alcohol+smoking
cold/dry weather

24
Q

presentation of pyoderma gangrenosum

A

painful ulcers develop most commonly on the legs
associated with IBD

A 55-year-old woman with a background of ulcerative colitis attends a gastroenterology follow-up appointment. On examination, there is a 2x3cm ulcer on the left shin which is malodorous with a purulent base and an irregular, erythematous border

25
Q

treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum

A

small ulcers - topical corticosteroids
large ulcers or if pt is systemically unwell - oral corticosteroids
severe cases may require surgical management

26
Q

what is contact dermatitis

A

type of eczema following exposure to a causative agent

two types: irritant and allergic

27
Q

presentation of contact dermatitis

A

o/e a dry erythematous rash with blistering and fissuring of the skin is seen

28
Q

management of contact dermatitis

A

involves emollient creams and topical corticosteroids

29
Q

how does cellulitis present

A

commonly occurs on the shins
usually unilateral
erythema
swelling
systemic upset

30
Q

management of cellulitis

A

oral or admit for iv abx depending on certain factors

31
Q

for cellulitis who gets admitted for IV abx

A

severe or rapidly deteriorating cellulitis
under 1 y/o or frail
immunocompromised
significant lymphedema
facial or periorbital cellulitis
hemodynamically unstable

32
Q

management of scabies

A

topical 5% permethrin

33
Q

presentation of scabies

A

intensely itchy pruritic rash commonly seen in the interweb spaces, flexures of the wrist, axillae, abdomen and groin

34
Q

management of shingles

A

oral antiviral - valaciclovir - if eye involvement or immunocompromised

IV antiviral if severe

35
Q

presentation of shingles

A

tingling feeling in a dermatomal distribution

progresses to erythematous papules which develop into fluid-filled vesicles which then crust over

36
Q

What is the condition?
Characterised by 6 P’s
Purple
Pruritic
Polygonal
Planar
Papules or
Plaques

Usually found on flexor aspects of wrist and ankles

A

Lichen planus

37
Q

Autoimmune disease where there are well defined patches of hair loss

A

Alopecia areata

38
Q

Commonest causes of eyrthroderma (widespread erythema with hypothermia and systemic symptoms)

A

Dermatitis
Psoriasis

39
Q

ABCDE assessment of malignant melanoma

A

Asymmetry
Birder irregularity
Colour variation
Diameter > 6mm
Evolves over time

40
Q

Most common type of malignant melanoma

A

Superficial spreading melanoma

41
Q

If a melanoma lesion was located on the soles, palms or nail bed what type is it likely to be

A

Acral lentiginous melanoma

42
Q

Describe the features of superficial spreads melanoma

A

Initially resembles a freckle or mole but grows slowly into an asymmetrical patch
Commonly on lower limbs
Mostly in young or middle aged adults

43
Q

Management of lichen planus

A

Potent topical steroids

44
Q

Oral lichen planus features

A

Characterised by mucosal ulceration and Wickham’s striae that cannot be wiped off unlike oral Candida

Clinical Medicine (26 decks)

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