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BCDE Finals > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

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1
Q

Acitretin

A

Oral reinoid
Pustular + Erythrodermic psoriasis
Causes dryness, redness, photosensisitivty, teratogenic.

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2
Q

Adapalene cream

A

Topical retinoid
Mild/moderate acne
Bleaching in melasma
Causes worsening eczema, dryness, redness, burning, peeling.

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3
Q

Aqueous cream

A

Emollient.
Eczema and atopic dermatitis.
Can use during radiotherapy.

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4
Q

Benzol peroxidase

A

Works on the 4 things of acne.
Mild acne.
2.5%, 5%, 10% available.
Safe in pregnancy.

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5
Q

Betamethasone

A 
Potent topical steroid.
Inflammatory disease.
Eczema.
Comes in lotion, ointment, shampoo, plasters.
Side effects (steroid).
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6
Q

Cetraben cream

A

Emollient
White, soft.
Paraffin + Liquid/Water

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7
Q

Clindamycin (topical)

A

Lincosamide
Acne Vulgaris
Acne Rosacea

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8
Q

Duacgel

A

Clindamycin and benzoylperoxidase.

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9
Q

Diclofenac gel

A

Actinic keratoses
Twice a day for 12 weeks.
Worsens before it gets better.
SE: stinging, irritant/allergic/phototoxic dermatitis.

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10
Q

Diprobase cream

A

Cream emollient.

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11
Q

Epaderm ointment

A

Thick emollient.

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12
Q

Erythromycin (oral)

A

ACNE

bacteriosidal.

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13
Q

Erythromycin (topical)

A

ACNE

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14
Q

Hydrocortisone (oral)

A

SEVERE/UNRESPONSIVE dermatoses

e.g. erythroderma

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15
Q

Isotretinoin

A 
Roaccutane.
Dries out skin, anti-inflammatory. 
Dose weight-dependent.
CI: warfarin, tetracyclines.
SE: dry skin/mouth, sunburn, teratogenic, mood changes.
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16
Q

Lymecycline (oral)

A

Broad spectrum tetracycline

ACNE

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17
Q

Neomycin (topical)

A

Aminoglycoside
Topical cream, ointments.
Eye preparations.
Ear drops.

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18
Q

Nodular BCC

A

Face
Rolled edges.
Skin coloured/pink
Blood vessels

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19
Q

Rodent ulcer

A

Open nodular BCC.

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20
Q

Superficial BCC

A

Trunk and shoulders
Pink/red scaly.
Irregular plaques.
Bleed and ulcerate easily.

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21
Q

Pigmented BCC

A

Brown, blue, greyish.

Resemble melanoma.

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22
Q

Basal cell naevus syndrome

A

Inherited.
Multiple, early onset BCCs.
+ broad forehead + rib anomalies + calcified falx cerebri.

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23
Q

Junctional naevus

A

Flat and dark brown

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24
Q

Compound naevus

A

Central raised area

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25
Intradermal naevus
Elevated and flesh coloured.
26
Bowen's disease
``` SCC in situ. Atypical keratinocytes but not invasive. Pink scaly plaques up to several cms Lower leg and trunk. Can look like discoid eczema/psoriasis/superficial BCC. ```
27
Squamous cell carcinoma
Malignant. Sun-damaged skin. mid 50s. men more than women.
28
Campbell de Morgan
Cherry angioma. red/blue/purple May become thrombosed and fall off.
29
Chrondrodermatitis nodularis
Painful inflammatory lump on helix. Tiny central core- scaly discharge. Pressure between ear and pillow.
30
Congenital naevus types
Cafe-au-lait Speckled lentiginous naevus Satellite lesions. Others...
31
Dermatofibroma
Dad's ankle- non cancerous growth of dendritic histiocyte cells on the legs and arms. Dimple when squeezed. Yellow/brown/pink/dark.
32
Epidermoid cyst
Keratin filled. Can smell cheesy. Face and upper trunk.
33
Halo naevus
White ring. Children and young adults. Autoimmune destruction of a single mole- unknown aetiology.
34
Keratocanthoma
Hair follices cells- after minor trauma. Sun-damaged skin Can look like SSC. VOLCANO
35
Malignant melanoma
Superficial/nodular- BAD Lentigo maligna- Face, scalp, neck Acral lentiginous- Soles of feet, palms, nailbed.
36
Myxoid cyst
(really a pseudocyst) Connective tissue degeneration. Last segment of finger.
37
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Shiny red mass | Raspberry-like
38
Solar keratoses
UV damage Pre-cancerous--> SSC in 15% Scaly, skin coloured/red Back of hand/face- nose/cheek/lip/temple
39
Seborrhoeic keratosis
Aetiology unknown. Degenerative with age. Not generally caused by sun-exposure.
40
Viral warts
HPV
41
Acne rosacea
``` Chronic flushing Preceipitated by alcohol/spicy food. Telangiectasia, papules, pustules. Rhinophyma, blepharitis Avoid the sun. Rx/ Topical azelaic acid + metronidazole. ```
42
Acne vulgaris
Papules/pustules nodules/pseudocytsts Rx/ topical retinoid, benzoylperoxidase Clindamycin/deoxycycline/isotretinoin.
43
Atopic eczema
Vesicular exudative eczema in infants faces | IgE
44
Bullous impetigo
Specific clear blisters with impetigo
45
Allergic contact dermatitits
IS NOT irritant contact dermatitits
46
Hand dermatitits
is usually irritant
47
Dermatitis herpetiformis
``` Coeliac disease Immunobullous Men more. Scalp, buttocks, elbows, knees VERY ITCHY Avoid gluten ```
48
Dermatomyositis
``` Acquired. Inflammation of voluntary muscles. Purple heliotrope rash Gottren papules (red knuckles) Blood vessels in nail folds Scaly scalp and thinned hair. ```
49
Discoid eczema
Particularly lower leg. Round/oval 1 or many Pink/red
50
DLE
Chronic photo-sensitivity skin eruptions. Red scaly patches---> post inflammatory Usually cheeks/nose/ears
51
Erythema ab igne
Hot water bottle. | Infrared.
52
Erythema multiforme
Usually Herpes Simplex. Target lesions- sharp margin. Acute and self limiting 20-40 year olds.
53
Erythema nodosum
TB, sarcoid, IBD, OCP Red lumps on shins Women Deep, firm, red/blue, 1-5cm.
54
Keratosis pilaris
Rough follicular spots | Outer aspect of upper arm
55
Lichen planus
Abnormal immune reaction to viral infection. | Wrists, lower back, ankles
56
Pemphigus
``` autoimmune: IgG auto-antibodies DESMOGLEIN Skin + mucus membranes Flaccid Nikolsky positive NOT itchy. Plasmapharesis. ```
57
Phytophotodermatosis
Parsnips, citrus fruit, more | Hyperpigmentation of skin + blisters.
58
Pitted keratolysis
Non-contagious Sweaty feet. Corynebacterium Crater-like pits in horny layer- weight bearing.
59
Pityriasis rosea
Viral Herald patch then smaller ones. Follows Langer lines. Lasts 6-12 weeks: no treatment neccesary.
60
Pityriasis versicolor
``` Malassezia furfur Wood's lamp Pale/dark, tan/pink patches Hot climates Hypo OR hyper pigmentation ```
61
Pompholyx eczema
Very itchy Clear vesicles--> scales over later. Dapsone, Potassium permangenate.
62
Guttate psoriasis
All over trunk. Can be post-strep infection. Good prognosis- full recovery.
63
Plaque psoriasis
Most common Elbows, knees, umbilicus, lower back. Scalp Nail
64
Pustular psoriasis
Sterile | Fissures
65
Seborrhoeic eczema
Face- side of nose, eyebrows Blepharitis Malassezia overgrowth
66
Vitiligo
face, neck, eyes, nostrils, nipple, navel body folds injuries
67
Poliosis
white hair
68
Candidiasis
oral, angular, vulvovaginal, balantis, intertrigo, napkin, paronychia, onychomycosis, muco-cutaneous candidiasis
69
Intertrigo
candida in skin folds
70
Cellulitis
2/3 s. pyogenes | 1/3 s. aureus
71
Erysipelas
superficial cellulitis
72
Erythrasma
Corynebacterium Skin folds UV light makes bacteria go coral colour
73
Eczema herpeticum
Around lips or other | Swollen lymph glands and fever associated.
74
Fanconi anaemia
Pancytopaenia | Susceptible to AML and solid head and neck tumours
75
Gaucher diesease
Lysosomal storage disorder | Type 2 causes a Collodian baby
76
Hunter syndrome
Lysosomal storage disorder
77
Lyme disease
``` Bull's eye. Borreliosis Erythema migrans- single red patch expanding. Flu like illness. Treat with amoxicillin, doxy and pen V. ```
78
Maffucci syndrome
Genetic. Enchodromas (cartilage tumours- benign). Multiple cutaneous haemangiomas
79
McCune-Albright Syndrome
Genetic. ANS endocrine hyperfunction. Polyostotic fibrosis dysplasia Cafe au lait.
80
Melasma
Blotchy, brownish facial pigmentation. | Made worse by: Sun, pregnancy, hormones, hypothyroidism.
81
Chloasma
Green skin
82
NF1
>6 cafe au lait. Multiple fibromas Freckling Lisch nodules (iris)
83
Watson syndrome
``` Same allele as NF1 Freckling. Lisch nodules, Pulmonary Stenosis Macrocephaly Short stature. Neurofibromas. ```
84
NF2
Bilateral acoutic neuromas. | Presenting with hearing loss.
85
Noonan syndrome
Pulmonary stenosis, ASD, hypertrophic heart. Short stature. Impaired clotting Webbed neck, flat nose.
86
Silver-Russell syndrome
Triangle head. Clinodactyly of 5th finger. Body asymmetry. Blue sclera.
87
Sweet syndrome
Acute neutrophilic dermatosis Reaction to an internal condition. Fever, fatigue, skin lesions, sore eyes/mouths.
88
Tuberous sclerosis
``` harmatomas Angiofibromas Ungual fibromas Shagreen patches Ash-leaf macules ```
89
Types of urticaria
Acute (IgE) Physical Contact Pharmacological
90
Vasculitis
HSP- low back, buttocks, elbows, knees | Acute vasculitis- petechiae and ecchymoses.
91
Venous stasis eczema
Gravitational dermatitis.
92
Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome
Eczema and thrombocytopaenia (causing PR bleeding) and immune deficiency

BCDE Finals (11 decks)

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