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Dermatology 5% Flashcards

1
Q

Vesicular lesions on palms that break and then crack. Tapioca Pudding appearance

A

Dishydrotic eczema. Tx: corticosteroids

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2
Q

Pruritic, sharply demarcated, coin shaped lesions on back of hands, feet, and extensor surfaces

A

Nummular eczema

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3
Q

Lichen Planus is associated with what condition?

Clinical manifestation:

A

Hepatitis C

5 Ps: purple, polygonal, planar, pruritic, papules w/ fine scales

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4
Q

What conditions are associated with erythema nodosum?

A

Pregnancy, sarcoidosis, TB

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5
Q

Can mimic syphilis so do PRP if pt is sexually active with this skin manifestation.

A

Pityriasis Rosea

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6
Q

Keratin hyperplasia (proliferating cells in stratus basale + stratum spinosum) d/t ______ =

A

T-cell activation and cytokine release

Psoriasis

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7
Q

Auspitz sign =

Seen in ___

A

Punctuate bleeding w/ removal of plaque

Psoriasis, actinic keratosis

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8
Q

Pityriasis versicolor caused by ___

Dx w/:

Tx:

A

Malassezia furfur

KOH prep: hyphae + spores “spaghetti and meatball” appearance
Wood’s lamp: yellow-green fluorescence

Tx: Selenium sulfide*
Sodium sulfacetamide
Azole antifungals

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9
Q

Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction

A

IgE mediated

Ex: Urticaria, angioedema

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10
Q

Type II Hypersensitivity Reaction

A

Cytotoxic, Ab-mediated

Ex: drugs + cytotoxic abs –> cell lysis

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11
Q

Type III Hypersensitivity Reaction

A

Immune antibody-antigen complex

Ex: drug-mediated vasculitis, serum sickness

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12
Q

Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction

A

Delayed (cell mediated)

Ex: Erythema Multiforme

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13
Q 
MC causes of Exanthematous/Mobiliform Rash include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Abx
B. NSAIDs
C. Colchicine 
D. K+ sparing diuretics
A

C, D
Allopurinol
Thiazide diuretics

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14
Q 
MC causes of Erythema Multiforme include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. Sulfonamides
B. Macrolides
C. Phenobarbital
D. Dilantin
A

B. Penicillins

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15
Q

What’s the difference between Erythema multiforme MAJOR and MINOR?

A

Minor: No mucosal membrane lesions

Major: >1 mucous membrane involvement
No epidermal detachment

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16
Q

Erythema multiforme = Type ___ Hypersensitivity

A

4

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17
Q

Urticaria/angioedema = Type ___ Hypersensitivity

A

1

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18
Q

Sloughing > ___% = Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

A

30%

<10% = Steven-Johnson Syndrome

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19
Q

4 main pathophysiologic factors in Acne Vulgaris

A
  1. increased sebum production ( increased androgen in puberty)
  2. Blogged sebaceous glands
  3. Proprionibacterium acne overgrowth
  4. Inflammatory response
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20
Q

SE of Isotretinoin

A
  • Highly teratogenic: 2 pregnancy tests before starting + monthly while on it
  • Hepatitis
  • Increased triglycerids/cholesterol

Tx of severe Acne Vulgaris

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21
Q

1st line treatment of Rosacea =

___ may be used for flushing.

A

Topical metronidazole

Clonidine

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22
Q

PainLESS, soft, fleshy, cauliflower like lesion in genital region =

Caused by ___

A

Condyloma acuminata

HPV

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23
Q

Dx of mucosal HPV infection (warts)

A

whitening of lesion w/ acetic acid application

24
Q

Painful, erythematous inflammatory nodules seen on anterior shins =

Etiologies include (4)

A

Erythema Nodosum

  • Estrogen exposure (OCP, pregnancy)
  • Sarcoidosis
  • Infection: strep, TB, sarcoid, fungal (Coccidioidomycosis*)
  • Inflammatory d/o: IBD, leukemia, Behcet disease
25
Kaposi Sarcoma = connective tissue cancer caused by ___. Seen in ___. Tx:
HHV-8 HIV/immunosuppressive patients HAART therapy
26
Tx of Impetigo
Mupirocin (bactroban)** TID x 10 days ``` Systemic abx: Cephalexin Dicloxacillin Erythromycin/azithromycin Clindamycin ```
27
Tx of cellulitis
Cephalexin, Dicloxacillin x 7-10 days | PCN allergies: Erythromycin, Clindamycin
28
Cat bite pathogen = | Tx:
Pasteurella multocida Tx: Augmentin PCN allergy: Doxycycline
29
Puncture wound through shoe should have tx that covers for ____. Tx =
Pseudomonas | Ciprofloxacin
30
Paronychia =
infection of nail margin
31
Tx of choice for pediculosis
(lice) | Permethrin topical
32
Red itchy pruritic papules or nodules on scrotum, glans, or penile shaft, body folds =
scabies
33
Tx of choice for scabies
Permethrin topical
34
Lindane
Cheaper tx for scabies Do NOT use p bath/shower --> may cause seizures d/t increased absorption through open pores CI: Teratogenic, do not use in breastfeeding women, < 2 y/o
35
Autoimmune d/t secondary to desmosome disruption = Type ___ Hypersensitivity. (+/-) Nikolsky sign Biopsy shows ___. Tx:
Pemphigus vulgaris Type II HSN POSITIVE Nikolsky sign IgG throughout epidermis Tx: Systemic corticosteroids
36
Autoimmune attack on basement membrane causing SUBEPIDERMAL blistering = Type ___ Hypersensitivity. (+/-) Nikolsky sign Tx:
Bullous pemphigoid (elderly) Type II HSN NEGATIVE Nikolsky sign Tx: corticosteroids
37
Tx of brown recluse spider bite
Dapsone
38
What degree of burn? - Red, yellow, pale, white - Dry - + blistering - not painful - ABSENT capillary refill
2nd degree: Deep partial thickness
39
What degree of burn? - Moist, weeping - +blistering - MOST PAINFUL - PRESENT capillary refill
2nd degree: superficial partial thickness
40
Parkland Formula = | Used for ____.
= 4 x mass (kg) x area of burn (% TSA) Give 1/2 in 1st 8 hrs Rest in last 16 hrs Used in burn IV fluid resuscitation
41
Rule of 9s
``` 9% head 9% each arm 18% each leg 18% anterior torso (chest + abdomen) 18% posterior torso 1% perineum 1% hand ```
42
Silvadene used for ____. | CI:
Burn management: abx CI: sulfa allergies, pregnancy, < 2 months Do NOT use on face d/t discoloration
43
Keloid = excess production of ____ during wound healing.
Type III collagen
44
Coxackie A causes
- Hand, foot, mouth disease | - Herpangina --> sudden onset of high fever, Stomatitis
45
Coxackie B causes
Pericarditis (MC cause) Myocarditis (MC cause) Pleurodynia = severe pleuritic chest pain w/ swelling over diaphragm, HA
46
Dermatitis Herpetiformis is strongly associated w/ ___. _____ deposition in ____. Tx:
Celiac disease IgA immune complex deposition in dermal papillae Tx: Gluten free diet, Dapsone*
47
MC cause of acute pancreatitis in children
Mumps
48
Mumps caused by ____ pathogen.
Paramyxovirus
49
MMR vaccine given ____
12-15 months | 4-6 y/o
50
Paramyxovirus causes
Mumps | Rubeola (Measles)
51
Solitary glistening friable red nodule or papule that may bleed or ulcerate MC in children/young adults after trauma. Tx:
Pyogenic granuloma (misnomer) Topical Imiqod, alitretinoin gel
52
Pyoderma gangrenosum associated w/ ____. Tx:
Inflammatory disease: RA, IBD, spondyloarthropathies , etc. Topical steroids Tacrolimus
53
ulcerative skin lesion 2ndary to immune dysregulation +/- preceded by trauma
Pyoderma gangrenosum
54
"3 day rash" caused by Togavirus
Rubella (German Measles)
55
Recurrent erythema multiforme is MC d/t ____.
recurrent herpes simplex virus outbreak
56
1st line treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa
Intralesional triamcinolone
57
Trichophyton rubrum is the most common cause of ___
athlete's foot

PANCE (20 decks)

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