Development of the Face, Palate and Nasal cavities

Question 1

What is the 1st pharyngeal arch the origin of?

Answer 1

Maxilla
Mandible
Zygomatic arrch
Temporal (sqaumous)
Muscles of masicaltion

Question 2

What is the 2nd pharyngeal arch responsible for?

Answer 2

Muscles of facial expression

Question 3

How many facial swellings are present from week 4?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

What are the 5 facial swellings?

Answer 4

Frontonasal prominence (with nasal placodes)
Maxillary prominence (x2)
Mandibular prominence (x2)

Question 5

What surrounds the primitive oral cavity?

Answer 5

Stomodeum

Question 6

What forms the nasal placodes?

Answer 6

Ectodermal thickenings on the frontonasal prominence

Question 7

When does facial development occur?

Answer 7

weeks 4-10

Question 8

When do the additional nasal swellings begin to develop?

Answer 8

week 5

Question 9

What are the 4 additional nasal swellings?

Answer 9

Medial nasal swellings (x2)

Lateral nasal swellings (x2)

Question 10

Where does ear development begin?

Answer 10

Lower cervical region

Question 11

Week 7

Answer 11

Frontonasal prominece moves down
Nasal pit becomes deeper
Eyes begin to develop
Medial nasal prominences move medially towards each other

Question 12

Where is the nasal lacrimal groove?

Answer 12

Between the maxillary prrominence and the lateral nasal prominence

Question 13

How does the nasolacrimal groove become the nasolacrimal duct?

Answer 13

Solid epithelial cord in the floor of groove
Cord detaches from the ectoderm
Canalization forms the nasolacrimal duct

Question 14

What is the intermaxillary segment?

Answer 14

Medial nasal prominences coming together

Question 15

What makes the upper lip?

Answer 15

2 medial nasal prominences

2 maxillary prominences

Question 16

What makes the lower lip?

Answer 16

Mandibular prominences

Question 17

What makes the bridge and nasal septum?

Answer 17

Frontonasal prominences

Question 18

What makes the crest and tip of the nose?

Answer 18

Medial nasal prominences

Question 19

What makes the alae of the nose?

Answer 19

Lateral nasal prominences

Question 20

When does the palate begin to develop?

Answer 20

Week 7

Question 21

What gives rise to the primary palate?

Answer 21

Fusion of medial nasal prominences give: intermaxillary segment

Question 22

What does the labial portion of the intermaxillary form?

Answer 22

Philtrum of upper lip

Question 23

What does the upper jaw component of the IM segment form?

Answer 23

Carries 4 inscisors

Question 24

What does the palatal components form?

Answer 24

Primary palate

Question 25

What has been formed at week 10?

Answer 25

??

Question 26

What happens to the nose between late 5th week and late 6th week?

Answer 26

Nasal pits deepen and penetrate into the underlying mesenchyme with forward growth of frontonasal prominence Intermaxillary segment is connected by a nasal fin Nasal fin vacuolizes and thins, this opens the developing nasal sac

Question 27

What happens during the 7th week of development?

Answer 27

Nasal cavities communicate with oral cavity via primitive choanae behind primary palate Definite choeanae open at juntion of nasal cavity with pharynx due to formation of secondary palate

Question 28

Where do the palatal shelves develop?

Answer 28

Parallel to the tongue

Question 29

Where do the palatal shelves fuse?

Answer 29

In the central region then expand anteriorly and posteriorly

Question 30

What facilitates clearance of the tongue?

Answer 30

Mandibular development

Question 31

Why is cleft palate more common in females?

Answer 31

Palatal development is delayed by a week in females | longer time for something to go wrong

Question 32

Which side is cleft lip more common?

Answer 32

Left

Question 33

Which gender is cleft lip more common in?

Answer 33

Males