Flashcards in Development--Sievert Deck (20)
Loading flashcards...
1
Somites give rise to what 2 things?
dermatomyotome & sclerotome
2
What does sclerotome make?
bone
3
How do you developmentally form a vertebral body?
the sclerotomal cells migrate around the notochord & neural tube & form the vertebral body.
4
If vertebral body formation doesn't work out well, what could you end up w/?
spina bifida
**& bad lamina & spinous process formation
5
What is spina bifida occulta?
this means that you can't immediately tell that the child has spina bifida...the spine is just bulging out of the back & susceptible to injury.
6
What is a meningocele?
some of the meninges of the spinal cord are bulging out
7
What is a myelomeningocele?
a little more severe, the spinal cord is kind of bulging out the back.
8
What is Rachischisis?
this is where the neural tube doesn't fully close
9
Sclerotomal segments must _____ to make up vertebrae. If this doesn't happen correctly you could get _______.
fuse
scoliosis
10
When do the limbs develop?
Early!
Day 24 for the upper limb
Day 28 for the lower limb
11
What is the sequence for limb development?
rostral -->caudal
upper limb before the lower limb
12
T/F The developmental process in the formation of limbs is molecularly regulated by proteins. Give examples.
True
Ex:
positioning of the limb, what migrates to the anterior & posterior compartments, where the thumb goes
13
T/F Congenital defects of the limb are quite common b/c it develops early on in gestation.
False. Even tho they develop early on, defects are NOT common.
14
T/F Limb development is susceptible to teratogens.
TRUE drugs etc can have a huge effect b/c the limbs are developing in the 4th & 5th week
15
When congenital defects do occur in the limbs, they are usu associated w/ severe defects. Give examples.
cardiovascular
genitourinary
craniofacial
16
How can amniotic bands cause congenital defects?
strips of amnion go inside the amniotic sac & can wrap around the fetus...they can constrict so much that you can lose a limb or finger.
17
What is polydactyly?
extra digits
Ex: six fingered man
18
What is syndactyly?
this is where some of the fingers are fused, so you technically have fewer fingers & you have a web hand sorta.
19
What is adactyly?
This is where you have no fingers.
20
