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Flashcards in Diagnosis and Classification of depression Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is inter-rater reliability?

A

Whether 2 independent assessors give the same diagnosis

2
Q

What can low inter-rater reliability levels lead to?

A

Faulty diagnosis and treatment

3
Q

Who assessed the inter-rater reliability of a structured interview as an assessment of major depressive disorder?

A

Lobbestael et al (2001) and found a moderate agreement with coefficient .66

4
Q

What’s test-retest reliability?

A

The consistence of the diagnosis over time

5
Q

Why is test-retest reliability important?

A

To create new and improved systems

6
Q

Who studied test-retest reliability?

A

Beck et al (1996) studied the responses of 26 outpatients tested at 2 therapy sessions one week apart using BDI and found a coefficient of .93

7
Q

Whats Comorbidity?

A

the extent to which 2 conditions co-occur, e.g. anxiety is the single biggest clinical risk for the development of depression

8
Q

Whats content validity?

A

whether the items are representative of that which is been measured, e.g. the BDI scale is considered high because it was constructed based on symptoms found in psychiatric patients

9
Q

Whats concurrent validity?

A

the extent to which a test concurs with already existing systems. Beck demonstrated this with the BDI scale and Hamilton Depression Scale.

10
Q

Evaluation: reliability for DSM diagnosis

A

Keller et al (1995) suggests that inter-rater reliability is fair to good and test-retest is fair. they recruited 524 depressed ps from 5 settings and interviewed each using DSM criteria, then again 6 months later.

11
Q

Evaluation: Reasons for low relaibility

A

It was suggested by Keller that because 5/9 symptoms must be present for a diagnosis, one item disagreement could cause the difference between a diagnosis and not

12
Q

Evaluation: who suggested the DSM is too lengthy?

A

Zimmerman et al (2010) stated doctors have difficulty identifying all 9 syptoms

13
Q

Evaluation: support that the DSM is too complex?

A

Tiller et al (2001) studied 25000 GPs from Australia and New Zealand and found only 1/4 could list 5 of the symptoms.

14
Q

Evaluation: what was Zimmermans simpler system?

A

Using only mood and cognitive symptoms, this had 95% agreement in diagnosis’.

15
Q

Evaluation: validity for types of depression

A

McCullough et al (2003) compared 681 patients with various types of depression. they found few differences between their symptoms therefore suggesting distinctions may not be valid

16
Q

Evaluation: validity of GP diagnoses

A

Research found that because GP’s have background knowledge on the patients, they may not give a valid diagnosis