Diarrhea & Constipation Flashcards
What 4 things can you do to treat the diarrhea other than drug therapy?
fluid
electrolytes
acid base (bicarb or metabolites that produce bicarb)
oral rehydration
What protectants or absorbants can be used for diarrhea?
Koalin-pectin activated charcoal bismuth subsalicylate (coating and anti-PGE)
What type of diarrhea are anticholinergic drugs used for?
hypermotile..few cases of diarrhea are this way
What anticholinergic drug can be used although it doesn’t work?
Buscopan
- intestinal pain in non-surgical clic (used for rectal)
no evidence for diarrhea
Why are opioids used as anti-diarrheal?
antisecretary and antimotility by acting on u
decrease propulsion and increase segmentation = constipating effect (side effect with opioids)
increase GI sphincter tone
What human medication is used?
loeramide (imodium)
Should you use antimicrobials for diarrhea?
NO, cause diarrhea, change flora
Which NSAIDs have label use for diarrhea?
Meloxicam
some evidence: ketoprofen, flunixin
What is the risk of using NSAIDs to treat diarrhea?
already dehydrated = enhanced kidney risk
What are 6 different ways to treat constipation? (prokinetics dont work)
lubricants stimulant laxatives hyperosmotic laxatives bulk laxatives stool softeners probiotic
What lubricants can be used in small and large animals?
mineral oil (horses and cows) mineral oil + white protroleum for hair ball cats
What stimulant laxatives can you use? what are the negative effects?
Senna, Biscodyl
excess fluid loss
What are some hyperosmotic laxatives?
sodium phosphate enemas (DONT USE ON CATS)
lactulose
polyethylene glycol
What bulk laxatives can be used?
hydrophilic colloids: metamucil
fibre: prunes, pumpkin
What are some stool softeners? how do they work?
increase water accumulation in feces
dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate (DSS, Colace)
dioctyl cacium sulfosuccinate
