diet Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are the components of a balanced diet?
-carbohydrates
- proteins
- lipids (fats)
Examples of carbohydrates
-bread
-potatoes
-rice
-fruit
function of carbohydrates
- fuel for respiration
proteins examples
- meat
-eggs
-fish - beans/pulses
proteins function
- growth and repair of cells and tissues
-fuel for respiration
Lipids examples
- butter
- cooking oil
- cream
-avocados
function of lipids
- store of energy
-electrical and thermal insulation - fuel for respiration
-how to find energy content of food sample
-measure 25cm^3 of the water and pour into boiling tube
- record starting temp
- known mass of food is lit over bunsen
- hold lit food sample under boiling tube to water to heat it
-if food stops burning then it should be relit until it no longer burns
- find temp change of water in boiling tube
-find energy content by doing
temp change x mass of water x 4.2
—————————————————
mass of food
Iron function
-forms the part of haemoglobin which binds to oxygen
Sources of iron
-red meat
-liver
-spinach
Iron deficiency disease
-anaemia
Calcium function
- needed to form bones and teeth
calcium sources
-milk and dairy products
- fish
- fresh veg
Calcium deficiency disease
-rickets
Vitamin A function
- makes chemical in retina
- protects surface of eye
Effect of Vitamin A deficiency
- night blindness
- damages cornea
vitamin A sources
- fish liver oil
- liver
- butter
- carrots
Vitamin C function
- needed for cells and tissues to stick together
vitamin C deficiency effect
- Scurvy
Vitamin C source
- fresh fruit and veg
Vitamin D function
- to absorb calcium and Phosphate ions from food
Vitamin D deficiency effects
- rickets- due to weak bones
Source of vitamin D
- dairy products
-oily fish
why is water essential for a balanced diet
-it allows things to be dissolved into it
- used to transport the components of blood
- crucial for temperature regulation eg sweating